Instructions for Authors of Chapters in
 APS Camera-Ready Books

Your chapter will not be edited or proofread by the volume editor or by APS staff, and therefore it is essential that the final copy be accurate and free of typographical errors when you submit it to the volume editor.

Length

The volume editor will specify the length of each chapter.

Editorial Style

The volume editor will specify editorial style for the book.

All chapters must be written in English. Use U.S. English spelling (as specified in a Merriam-Webster dictionary) and standard English usage.

Avoid specialized jargon and excessive abbreviations. Acronyms and coined abbreviations may be used; at the first use, spell out the term and enclose the abbreviation in parentheses, and thereafter use only the abbreviation.

Use the term cultivar for agronomic or horticultural varieties. Enclose the name of a cultivar in single quotation marks if and only if it follows the botanical name of the genus and species.

Chemical pesticides should be referred to by approved common names. Use chemical names only if common names are not available.

Units of measurement according to the International System of Units (Système internationale, or SI, popularly known as the metric system) are preferred. Use numerals before standard units of measurement (e.g., 1 g, 9 h). For numbers other than units of measurement, spell out the numbers from one to nine, and use numerals for 10 and up (e.g., "15 samples from five trees").

Abbreviate liter as uppercase L when it is preceded by a numeral (e.g., 1.5 L) and as lowercase "el" when it has a prefix attached to it (e.g., 10 ml).

The title should describe the important aspects of the chapter and should be as concise as possible.

Below the chapter title, give the name, title, affiliation, and business address of each author. Do not include a street address or post office box number. Include ZIP codes for locations in the United States and country names for locations outside the United States.

No heading is necessary for an introductory section at the beginning of a chapter. Divide the body of the text into logical sections and subsections, but avoid excessive fragmentation of the text.

Different levels of subheadings should be clearly distinguished, to assist in the final formatting of the chapter.

If you choose to hyphenate words at the ends of lines, use a dictionary or word division guide to check all word breaks. Hyphenate as little as possible and not more than three lines in a row.

Acknowledgments, if any, should be placed at the end of the text, in a separate section preceding Literature Cited.

Be selective rather than inclusive in citing references.

Under the subheading Literature Cited, list the references by authors' surnames in alphabetical order and then in order of the year of publication, starting with the earliest. List a work by more than one author after a work by the first co-author alone. List works by more than one author alphabetically by the surname of the first author, then by the surname of the second author, and so forth; then in order of the year of publication. In citations of works by the same author or authors published in the same volume, list them in order of their page numbers.

Number the alphabetized references, and cite them in the text by number (as in Plant Disease and Phytopathology), e.g., "Epiphytotics of CRSV have occurred recently in Belgium, New Zealand, and Israel (1,7,17)."

Be sure that every reference mentioned in your chapter is listed accurately in the Literature Cited section. Also check that each reference is cited in the text.

Cite the original source of publication, whether in print or on-line.

In titles of works cited, italicize Latin binomials, capitalize German nouns, and use diacritical marks as in the original publication.

In a citation of a chapter in a book, give the page range of the chapter.

Refer to the BIOSIS List of Serials for accepted abbreviations of journal names. Do not abbreviate a title consisting of one word. Double-check the accuracy of title abbreviations, page and volume numbers, and dates.

Only references generally available in libraries should be listed in Literature Cited. Avoid excessive reference to unpublished information.

To cite a work in preparation, a work that has been submitted but not accepted for publication, or a work that is not readily available in libraries, refer to it parenthetically in the text, e.g., "(J. Doe, unpublished)" or "(J. Doe, personal communication)," not in Literature Cited. You must obtain written permission from the person cited as the source of unpublished information and submit a copy of the written permission with the manuscript of your chapter.

To cite a work in press, you must obtain a letter of acceptance from the journal publishing the work or from the editor of the book in which it is to be published, or you must have a copy of the galley proof of the printed work.

Databases. Accession numbers from GenBank, EMBL, or other databases for primary nucleotide or amino acid sequences should be given in a footnote at the bottom of the first page of the chapter or in an appropriate passage of the text.

On-line publications. If a work was originally published in print, even if it is available or referenced on-line, cite the printed version. If a work was originally published on-line by an established source (the Senior Editor will make the assessment of the on-line source), include in the citation the name of the author, date, title, publication title or name of the sponsoring organization, and publication number or equivalent identifier, if any, e.g.,

Nadeem, A. 1997. [Title.] Mol. Plant Pathol. On-line publication /1997/0612nadeem.

Do not include the electronic address or filename, because electronic addresses and locations of files are frequently changed.

To cite information available on-line but not from an established source, refer to it parenthetically in the text, as a personal communication, e.g., "(J. Doe, personal communication)." You must obtain written permission from person cited as the source of the information and submit a copy of the written permission with the manuscript of your chapter.

On-line software, programs, models, etc., used to analyze data should be cited in text by reference to the sponsoring organization and program, e.g., "NIH Image is available on-line from the National Institutes of Health."

1. Adams, P. B. 1982. Biological control of Sclerotinia lettuce drop in the field by Sporidesmium sclerotivorum. Phytopathology 72:485-488.

2. Adams, P. B., and Ayers, W. A. 1980. Factors affecting parasitic activity of Sporidesmium sclerotivorum on sclerotia of Sclerotinia minor in soil. Phytopathology 70:366-368.

3. Baker, K. F. 1978. Biological control of Phytophthora cinnamomi. Proc. Int. Plant Prop. Soc. 28:72-79.

4. Baker, K. F., and Cook, R. J. 1974. Biological Control of Plant Pathogens. W. H. Freeman, San Francisco. Reprinted 1982, American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN.

5. Baker, R., and Chet, I. 1982. Induction of suppressiveness. Pages 35-50 in: Suppressive Soils and Plant Disease. R. W. Schneider, ed. American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN.

Center equations between the left and right margins. Leave a blank line above and below an equation. Equations that are referred to later in the text may be numbered consecutively with arabic numerals in parentheses at the right-hand margin.

Figures (photographs, drawings, graphs) must be submitted at the exact size at which they will appear in the finished book. A figure with its caption must fit within a certain maximum area, depending on the page size:

Submit only glossy black and white photographs and non-glossy line art (drawings). Photocopies and laser prints are not suitable for reproduction.

Number the figures, and provide a brief caption for each figure. The number and title of a figure should not appear in the figure itself.

If symbols such as boxes, circles, or triangles are used to label curves in a graph, provide a key to symbols as part of the figure itself, rather than in the caption. Only standard symbols can be reproduced in captions, and symbols may change in file conversions

Cite all figures in the text, in numerical order.

The caption of a figure that is not original must include a credit line. For a figure that has not been previously published and has been contributed without restrictions on its use, provide a credit line such as the following:

Fig. 1. Acaulospora laevis (cross section, ×100). (Courtesy N. C. Schenck)

For a figure that has been published elsewhere, provide a credit line such as the following:

Fig. 1. Acaulospora laevis (cross section, ×100). (Reprinted, by permission, from Trappe and Schenck [31])

Some publishers require specific wording in credit lines, as a condition of granting permission to reprint previously published material (see "Permission to Reprint").

Tables must be prepared to the size at which they will appear in the finished book and must fit within a certain maximum area, depending on the page size:

If a table is too wide to fit the specified area, it may be positioned lengthwise (in the landscape orientation).

To keep tables within the specified dimensions, omit columns of data that show no significant variation or contain only a few values (discuss such data in the text), keep column headings short, use abbreviations if necessary (nonstandard abbreviations can be explained in footnotes to the table), or break complex tables into two or more simpler ones.

Cite all tables in the text, in numerical order.

Designate table footnotes with superscript lowercase letters a, b, c, etc., unless these letters are used in the table to indicate significant differences, in which case use z, y, x, etc.

Do not use ditto marks in tables.

If material in a table is not original, include a credit line such as the following, in the first footnote of the table:

Data from Richardson (14). Used by permission.

Some publishers require specific wording in credit lines, as a condition of granting permission to reprint previously published material (see "Permission to Reprint").

Page Numbers

Number the pages in your chapter in light blue pencil in the bottom right corner. The volume editor will add page numbers to the final camera-ready pages.

Copyright Transfer

This book will be published under the copyright of The American Phytopathological Society. At least one author of each chapter must sign the "Authorization to Publish" form accompanying these guidelines, transferring copyright to APS or asserting that the work is in the public domain. The signed form should be submitted to the volume editor with your manuscript.

Anyone who contributes any original portion of the book (chapter, slide, photo, etc.) must sign a copy of the Authorization to Publish form and check the appropriate items. If original material (such as a figure) has been contributed to your chapter by someone other than the author, that person must sign a copy of the form, which must be included with the manuscript.

If your chapter is in the public domain, and not copyrightable—that is, if you created it in the course of your official duties as an employee of the U.S. government—sign the bottom section of the Authorization to Publish form. Place the following statement at the foot of the first page of your chapter:

This chapter is in the public domain and not copyrightable. It may be freely reprinted with customary crediting of the source. American Phytopathological Society, [year of publication].

Permission to Reprint

If you use previously published material (illustrations, tables, or quotations of 50 words or more), you are responsible for securing written permission to reprint it from both the copyright holder (usually the publisher) and the author of the material.

A sample form for requesting permission accompanies these instructions. The form can be used to obtain permission from both the author and the original publisher of the material. It may be helpful to write to the author first, because many publishers grant permission to reprint material only if the permission of the author has been obtained. Fill in the appropriate items in Part A of the form, and send two copies to the author and two copies to the publisher; ask them to sign one copy and return it to you, retaining a copy for their records.

Some publishers require specific wording for acknowledgment in credit lines, as a condition for granting permission.

Submit all written permission to the volume editor with your manuscript. Your manuscript is not complete until all necessary permissions have been obtained. Faxed copies are acceptable.

Because it can take weeks or months to obtain the required documents, request permission as early as possible in the preparation of your manuscript.

No permission from the publisher is required for reproducing material that is protected by a copyright held by The American Phytopathological Society or is in the public domain. As a courtesy, however, request permission from the authors of materials published by APS or in the public domain, and give full credit to all sources.