Codeine is metabolized away in the body by two processes: glucoronidation and O-demethylation. The latter is the one we are concerned with; Codeine is just an O-demethylation away from being morphine. In the body, the amount of the codeine you ingest that is converted into morphine depends on the ratio of the speed of these two pathways. The pathways compete for the codeine, making you produce more of the active (O-demethylation) or inactive (glucoronidation) forms.
O-demethylation is carried out by the enzyme CYP2D6. There are several dozen genetic variants of CYP2D6, and the activity of the enzyme varies widely among the variants. Most of the work has been done looking at the -3 and -4 family of variants; these are inactive enzymes. If you have one copy of one of these alleles, most of the codeine undergoes glucorinudation (the "other pathway"), leaving little or no morphine production. If you have two copies, you get no morphine. It is nearly impossible to get a person with CYP2D6-3 or -4 addicted to codeine; codeine alone simply isn't strong enough. It has to be converted to morphine.
Anywhere from 20-60% of the population has one of these inactive forms, depending on your ethnicity (whites=20%, asians=60%, IIRC). However, there are also hyperactive forms. Which variant it is escapes me, but IIRC it's present in less than 10% of the US population as a whole.
If you have one of these forms, the majority of the codeine you ingest is converted to morphine, and that's why you can't walk. You're a lightweight. Sorry, it's just your genes.
There is a reason for everything. Sometimes, that reason just sucks.