1923

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Centuries:	19th century - 20th century - 21st century
Decades:	1890s  1900s  1910s  - 1920s -  1930s  1940s  1950s
Years:	1920 1921 1922 - 1923 - 1924 1925 1926

1923 by topic:

Subject:      Archaeology - Architecture - Art

Aviation - Film - Literature Meteorology - Music (Country) Rail transport - Radio - Science

Sports - Television

Countries:      Australia - Canada - India - Ireland

Malaysia - New Zealand - Singapore - South Africa - Soviet Union - UK - Wales - Zimbabwe

Leaders:    Sovereign states - State leaders

Religious leaders - Law

Categories:   Births - Deaths - Awards - Works

Establishments - Disestablishments v • d • e

Year 1923 (MCMXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar.

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Contents  (full)

1 Events of 1923

-  Jan. ^. Feb. ^. March ^. April

-  May ^. June ^. July  ^.  Aug.

-  Sept. ^. Oct. ^. Nov. ^.  Dec.

-  Undated ^. Ongoing ^. Fictional

2 Births

3 Deaths

4 Nobel prizes

5 See also -  Notes -  External links

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Contents 1 Events of 1923 1.1 January 1.2 February 1.3 March 1.4 April 1.5 May 1.6 June 1.7 July 1.8 August 1.9 September 1.10 October 1.11 November 1.12 December 1.13 Undated 1.14 Ongoing 1.15 Fictional 2 Births 2.1 January - February 2.2 March - April 2.3 May - June 2.4 July - August 2.5 September - October 2.6 November - December 2.7 Unknown dates 3 Deaths 3.1 January - June 3.2 July - December 3.3 Unknown dates 4 Nobel prizes 5 See also 6 Notes 7 External references

[edit] Events of 1923

[edit] January

• January 1 - Grouping of all UK railway companies into four larger companies.
• January 10 - Lithuania seizes and annexes Memel.
• January 11 - Troops from France and Belgium occupy the Ruhr area to force Germany to pay its reparation payments.
• January 17 - Juan de la Cierva invents the autogyro, a rotary-winged aircraft with an unpowered rotor.
• January 18 - Elon College's campus is destroyed by a fire.

[edit] February

• February 28 - Barcelona (Spain): Albert Einstein visits the city, invited by the scientist Esteban Terradas i Illa, as part of the monografics course of High Studies and Exchange organized by the Mancomunitat de Catalunya and conducted by Rafael de Campalans.

[edit] March

• March - Antigone by Jean Cocteau appears on a Paris stage. Settings by Pablo Picasso, music by Arthur Honegger, and costumes by Gabrielle Chanel. Antonin Artaud played the part of Tiresias.
• March 1 - USS Connecticut decommissioned.
• March 1 - Greece adopts the Gregorian calendar.
• March 2 - Time Magazine hits newsstands for the first time.
• March 9 - Vladimir Lenin suffers a stroke, his third, which renders him bedridden and unable to speak; consequently he retires his position as Chairman of the Soviet government.
• March 28 - Regia Aeronautica, air force of Fascist Italy, is founded.

[edit] April

• April - End of Irish Civil War.
• April 6 - The first Prefects Board in Southeast Asia is formed in Victoria Institution, Malaysia.
• April 12 - Kandersteg International Scout Centre came into existence.
• April 23 - Ceremonial inauguration of Gdynia seaport.
• April 23 - The House that Ruth Built: Yankee Stadium opens in New York City.
• April 24 - Angora is discovered in Derbyshire.
• April 26 - Wedding of Prince Albert and Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon in Westminster Abbey.
• April - The date when Turkish Council was founded by Mustafa Kemal Ataturk.

[edit] May

• May 3 - Creation of Aleph Zadik Aleph
• May 23 - Launch of Belgium's SABENA Airlines.
• May 27 - Ku Klux Klan defies law requiring publication of its members.

[edit] June

• June 9 - Military coup in Bulgaria - prime minister Aleksandar Stamboliyski is ousted (he is killed June 14).
• June 18 - Etna volcano erupts - 60,000 made homeless.
• June 25 - Rapid Bucureşti is formed on the initiative of the Griviţa railroad workers. The name given at the time was CFR Bucureşti.

[edit] July

• July 10 - Large hailstones kill 23 in Rostow, Soviet Union.
• July 19-20 night - Assassination of Pancho Villa.
• July 24 - The Treaty of Lausanne, settling the boundaries of modern Turkey, is signed in Switzerland by Greece, Bulgaria and other countries that fought in the First World War.

[edit] August

• August 2 - Warren G. Harding, 29th President of the United States, (1921 - 1923) dies in office and is succeeded by Calvin Coolidge (1923-1929).
• August 13 - First major sea-going ship arrives at Gdynia, newly constructed Polish seaport.
• August 13 - Gustav Stresemann is named chancellor and founds a coalition government in Weimar Republic Germany.

[edit] September

• September 1 - Great Kantō earthquake devastates Tokyo and Yokohama, killing an estimated 142,807 people.
• September 4 - In Lakehurst, New Jersey, the first American airship, the USS Shenandoah, takes to the sky for the first time.
• September 6 - Italian navy occupies Corfu in retaliation of murder of an Italian officer. League of Nations protests and they leave September 29.
• September 8 - Honda Point Disaster: Seven US Navy destroyers ran aground off the California coast.
• September 9 - Atatürk founded the CHP.
• September 10 - Ireland joins League of Nations.
• September 13 - Military coup in Spain - Miguel Primo de Rivera takes over, setting up a dictatorship.
• September 17 - A major fire in Berkeley, California erupts, consumed some 640 structures, including 584 homes in the densely-built neighborhoods north of the campus of the University of California.
• September 18 - 26 - Newspaper printers strike in New York.
• September 26 - In Bayern, Gustav Ritter von Kahr declares independence from Berlin.

[edit] October

• October 13 - Ankara replaces İstanbul as the capital of Turkey.
• October 26 - in Persia, Reza Khan became Ahmad Shah Qajar's prime minister.
• October 29 - Turkey becomes a republic following the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire.

[edit] November

• November 8 - Beer Hall Putsch: In Munich, Adolf Hitler leads the Nazis in an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow the German government; police and troops crush the attempt the next day.
• November 12- Her Highness Princess Maud of Fife marries Captain Charles Alexander Carnegie in Wellington Barracks, London.
• November 15 - The hyperinflation in Germany reaches its height. One United States dollar is worth 4,200,000,000,000,000 Papiermark (4.2 quadrillion). Gustav Stresemann abolishes the old currency.
• November 23 - Gustav Stresemann's coalition government collapses.

[edit] December

• December 12 - In Italy, the Po river dam bursts - 600 dead.
• December 27 - Assassination attempt against the crown prince of Japan in Tokyo.

[edit] Undated

• Unemployment insurance scheme introduced in Queensland.
• Finnish flag carrier Finnair airline is started in Aero Oy.
• Interpol is set up.
• International Police Conference in Vienna.
• Hoda Cha'arawi Association (formerly The Egyptian Feminist Union) is established in Egypt.
• Trade unions banned in Spain for 10 years.
• Police strike in Australia.
• American Law Institute established.
• Moderation League of New York became part of movement for repeal of prohibition in United States.

[edit] Ongoing

• Pontic Greek Genocide (1916–1923).

[edit] Fictional

The following are references to year 1923 in fiction: (unknown).

[edit] Births

1923 in other calendars

Gregorian calendar	1923 MCMXXIII
Ab urbe condita	2676
Armenian calendar	1372 ԹՎ ՌՅՀԲ
Bahá'í calendar	79 – 80
Buddhist calendar	2467
Chinese calendar	4559/4619-11-15 (壬戌年十一月十五日) — to — 4560/4620-11-24 (癸亥年十一月廿四日)
Coptic calendar	1639 – 1640
Ethiopian calendar	1915 – 1916
Hebrew calendar	5683 – 5684
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1978 – 1979
- Shaka Samvat	1845 – 1846
- Kali Yuga	5024 – 5025
Holocene calendar	11923
Iranian calendar	1301 – 1302
Islamic calendar	1341 – 1342
Japanese calendar	Taishō 12 (大正12年)
- Imperial Year	Kōki 2583 (皇紀2583年)
- Jōmon Era	11923
Julian calendar	1968
Korean calendar	4256
Thai solar calendar	2466
v • d • e

[edit] January - February

• January 1 - Vulo Radev, Bulgarian film director (d. 2001)
• January 1 - Roméo Sabourin, Canadian World War II spy (d. 1944)
• January 5 - Sam Phillips, American record producer (d. 2003)
• January 6 - Jacobo Timerman, Argentine writer (d. 1999)
• January 7 - Hugh Kenner, Canadian literary critic (d. 2003)
• January 8 - Johnny Wardle, English cricketer (d. 1985)
• January 16 - Anthony Hecht, American poet (d. 2004)
• January 19 - Jean Stapleton, American actress
• January 23 - Stephanie Kwolek, inventor of Kevlar fibers
• January 25 - Arvid Carlsson, Swedish scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
• January 26 - Anne Jeffreys, American actress
• January 29 - Paddy Chayefsky, American writer (d. 1981)
• January 31 - Norman Mailer, American writer and journalist
• February 2 - James Dickey, American poet and author (d. 1997)
• February 2 - Liz Smith, American gossip columnist
• February 9 - Brendan Behan, Irish author (d. 1964)
• February 10 - Cesare Siepi, Italian opera singer
• February 12 - Franco Zeffirelli, Italian film and opera director
• February 13 - Yfrah Neaman, Lebanese-born violinist (d. 2003)
• February 13 - Chuck Yeager, American pilot and NASA official
• February 20 - Forbes Burnham, President of Guyana (d. 1985)
• February 24 - David Soyer, American cellist
• February 27 - Dexter Gordon, American jazz saxophone player (d. 1990)

[edit] March - April

• March 4 - Sir Patrick Moore, British astronomer and broadcaster
• March 6 - Ed McMahon, American television personality
• March 9 - Walter Kohn, Austrian-born physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry
• March 10 - Val Logsdon Fitch, American nuclear physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
• March 12 - Wally Schirra, astronaut (d. 2007)
• March 21 - Shri Mataji Nirmala Srivastava, Indian founder of Sahaja Yoga
• March 22 - Marcel Marceau, French Mime
• March 25 - Wim van Est, Dutch cyclist (d. 2003)
• March 26 - Bob Elliott, American comedian
• March 27 - Louis Simpson, Jamaican-born poet
• March 30 - Milton Acorn, Canadian writer (d. 1986)
• April 2 - G. Spencer-Brown, British mathematician
• April 6 - Ramon Valdes, Mexican comedian (d. 1988)
• April 8 - George Fisher, American political cartoonist (d. 2003)
• April 8 - Edward Mulhare, Irish actor (d. 1997)
• April 13 - Don Adams, American actor and comedian (d. 2005)
• April 20 - Mother Angelica, American founder of the Eternal Word Television Network (EWTN)
• April 22 - Bettie Page, American model
• April 22 - Aaron Spelling, American television producer and writer (d. 2006)
• April 23 - Dolph Briscoe, Governor of Texas
• April 25 - Albert King, American musician (d. 1992)
• April 30 - Al Lewis, American actor (d. 2006)

[edit] May - June

• May 1 - Joseph Heller, American novelist (d. 1999)
• May 2 - Patrick Hillery, President of Ireland
• May 4 - Assi Rahbani (Lebanon), genius composer, musician, conductor, poet and author (d. 1986)
• May 3 - Ralph Hall, American politician
• May 5 - Richard Wollheim, British philosopher (d. 2003)
• May 7 - Anne Baxter, American actress (d. 1985)
• May 10 - Verne Gagne, American professional wrestler
• May 15 - John Lanchbery, English composer (d. 2003)
• May 16 - Merton Miller, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2000)
• May 18 - Hugh Shearer, Prime Minister of Jamaica (d. 2004)
• May 21 - Armand Borel, Swiss mathematician (d. 2003)
• May 21 - Dorothy Hewett, writer (d. 2002)
• May 21 - Ara Parseghian, American football coach
• May 23 - Kalidas Shrestha, Nepalese artist
• May 26 - James Arness, American actor
• May 27 - Henry Kissinger, United States Secretary of State, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
• May 28 - György Ligeti, Hungarian composer (d. 2006)
• May 28 - NTR, Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao, Indian (Telugu) film actor (d. 1996)
• May 31 - Rainier III, Prince of Monaco (d. 2005)
• June 4 - Elizabeth Jolley, Australian writer (d. 2007)
• June 10 - Robert Maxwell, Slovakian-born media entrepreneur (d. 1991)
• June 15 - Johnny Most, American basketball radio announcer (d. 1993)
• June 24 - Jack Carter, American comedian
• June 27 - Gus Zernial, American baseball player

[edit] July - August

• July 2 - Wislawa Szymborska, Polish writer, Nobel Prize laureate
• July 4 - Rudolf Friedrich, Swiss Federal Councilor
• July 8 - Harrison Dillard, American athlete
• July 18 - Jerome H. Lemelson, American inventor (d. 1997)
• July 20 - Stanisław Albinowski, Polish economist and journalist (d. 2005)
• July 21 - Rudolph A. Marcus, Canadian chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
• July 22 - Bob Dole, American politician and Presidential candidate
• July 22 - Mukesh, Indian singer (d. 1976)
• July 23 - Witto Aloma, Cuban Major League Baseball player (d. 1997)
• July 23 - Norma Zimmer, American singer
• July 23 - Estelle Getty, American actress
• July 28 - H.S.S. Lawrence, Indian educationist
• July 29 - Jim Marshall, founder of Marshall Amplification.
• August 5 - Devan Nair, third President of Singapore (d. 2005)
• August 16 - Millôr Fernandes, Brazilian cartoonist and playwright
• August 20 - Jim Reeves, American singer (d. 1964)
• August 21 - Shimon Peres, Prime Minister of Israel, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
• August 21 - Larry Grayson, British comedian and game show host (d. 1995)
• August 24 - Arthur Jensen, American educational psychologist
• August 26 - Wolfgang Sawallisch, German conductor and pianist
• August 29 - Marmaduke Hussey, Baron Hussey of North Bradley, Chairman of the BBC (d. 2006)

[edit] September - October

• September 1 - Rocky Marciano, American boxer (d. 1969)
• September 1 - Kenneth Roy Thomson, 2nd Baron Thomson of Fleet, Canadian businessman and art collector (d. 2006)
• September 3 - Mort Walker, American cartoonist
• September 6 - King Peter II of Yugoslavia (d. 1970)
• September 7 - Madeleine Dring, British composer and actress (d. 1977)
• September 9 - Daniel Carleton Gajdusek, American virologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
• September 11 - Dharmsamrat Paramhans Swami Madhavananda, Indian guru (d. 2003)
• September 16 - Lee Kuan Yew, Prime Minister of Singapore
• September 17 - Hank Williams, American country musician (d. 1953)
• September 18 - Queen Anne of Romania
• September 20 - Geraldine Clinton Little, Irish-born poet (d. 1997)
• September 22 - Dannie Abse, Welsh poet
• September 26 - Dev Anand, Indian actor
• October 3 - Edward Oliver LeBlanc, Dominican politician (d. 2004)
• October 5 - Albert Guðmundsson, Icelandic professional football player and politician (d. 1994)
• October 5 - Glynis Johns, British actress
• October 13 - Faas Wilkes, Dutch football (soccer) player (d. 2006)
• October 15 - Italo Calvino, Italian writer (d. 1985)
• October 17 - Charles McClendon, Hall of Fame college football coach (d. 2001)
• October 23 - Frank Sutton, American actor (d. 1974)
• October 23 - Sir Robin Day, British political broadcaster (d. 2000)
• October 24 - Denise Levertov, British-born American poet (d. 1997)

[edit] November - December

• November 1 - Victoria de los Angeles, Catalan soprano (d. 2005)
• November 1 - Gordon R. Dickson, Canadian author (d. 2001)
• November 3 - Tomás Cardinal Ó Fiaich, Northern Irish clergyman (d. 1990)
• November 8 - Jack Kilby, American electrical engineer, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics (d. 2005)
• November 18 - Alan Shepard, American astronaut (d. 1998)
• November 20 - Nadine Gordimer, South African writer, Nobel Prize laureate
• November 22 - Arthur Hiller, Canadian film director
• November 23 - Billy Haughton, American harness driver and trainer (d. 1986)
• November 25 - Mauno Koivisto, President of Finland
• December 2 - Maria Callas, Greek soprano (d. 1977)
• December 12 - Bob Barker, American game show host
• December 13 - Philip Warren Anderson, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
• December 13 - Larry Doby, baseball player (d. 2003)
• December 13 - Antoni Tàpies, Catalan painter
• December 14 - Gerard Reve, Dutch writer (d. 2006)
• December 14 - Sully Boyar, American actor (d. 2001)
• December 15 - Freeman Dyson, English-born physicist
• December 17 - Jaroslav Pelikan, American historian (d. 2006)
• December 18 - Stanley Fredrick Goryan, Electronics Engineer (d. 2003)
• December 23 - Claudio Scimone, Italian conductor
• December 23 - James Stockdale, U.S. Navy admiral (d. 2005)
• December 24 - George Patton IV, American general (d. 2004)
• December 25 - Sonia Olschanezky, World War II heroine (d. 1944)

[edit] Unknown dates

• Geoffrey Hattersley-Smith, English/Canadian geologist and glaciologist

[edit] Deaths

[edit] January - June

• January 9 - Katherine Mansfield, British novelist (b. 1888)
• January 9 - Edith Thompson, hanged for murder (or adultery; b. 25 December 1893)
• January 23 - Max Nordau, Hungarian author, philosopher, and Zionist leader (b. 1849)
• February 10 - Wilhelm Röntgen, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1845)
• February 23 - Théophile Delcassé, French statesman (b. 1852)
• March 8 - Johannes Diderik van der Waals, Dutch physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1837)
• March 26 - Sarah Bernhardt, French actress (b. 1844)
• March 27 - Sir James Dewar, Scottish chemist (b. 1842)

• April 4 - John Venn, British mathematician (b. 1834)
• April 5 - George Herbert, 5th Earl of Carnarvon, English financier of Egyptian excavations (b. 1866)
• June 9 - Princess Helena of the United Kingdom, third daughter of Queen Victoria (b. 1846)
• June 24 - Edith Södergran, Finnish author (b. 1892)

[edit] July - December

• July 23 - Pancho Villa, Mexican revolutionary (b. 1878)
• August 2 - Warren G. Harding, 29th President of the United States (b. 1865)
• August 24 - Kato Tomosaburo, 21st Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1861)

• October 30 - Andrew Bonar Law, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1858)
• December 12 - Raymond Radiguet, French author (b. 1903)
• December 13 - Théophile Steinlen, Swiss painter (b. 1859)

[edit] Unknown dates

• Michel-Joseph Maunoury, French general (b. 1847)
• Carl L. Boeckmann, Norwegian-American artist (b. 1867)

[edit] Nobel prizes

• Physics - Robert Andrews Millikan
• Chemistry - Fritz Pregl
• Physiology or Medicine - Frederick Grant Banting, John James Richard Macleod
• Literature - William Butler Yeats
• Peace - Not awarded

[edit] See also

• 20th century

[edit] Notes

[edit] External references