List of longest suspension bridge spans
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This list of suspension bridges ranks the world's suspension bridges by the length of main span (distance between the suspension towers). The length of main span is the most common method of comparing the sizes of suspension bridges. The length of the main span often correlates with the height of the towers and the engineering complexity involved in designing and constructing the bridge. This ranking does not take into account length from shore to shore or from anchorage to anchorage.
Suspension bridges have the longest spans of any type of bridge. Cable-stayed bridges, the next longest design, are practical for spans up to around one kilometer. So the top 23 bridges on this list are also currently the longest 23 spans of all types of vehicular bridges. The Tatara Bridge has the largest span of any cable-stayed bridge at 890 meters. It was originally planned as a suspension bridge, but the design was changed to a cable-stayed bridge for environmental reasons. Two cable-stayed bridges with even longer spans are currently under construction in China. The longest of these (Sutong Bridge, 1088m) will be longer than all but the top twelve bridges on this list.
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[edit] Completed suspension bridges
This list only includes bridges that carry automobiles or trains. It does not include cable-stayed bridges, footbridges or pipeline bridges.
- Note: Click on each bridge's rank to go to the bridge's official web-site. Ranks with a red asterisk (*) do not have official web-sites, or do not have English language versions and are linked instead to a reference entry.
| Rank | Name | Location | Main span in metres (feet) | Completed | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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[1] | Akashi-Kaikyo Bridge (The largest from 1998 to the present) |
Kobe-Naruto Route, Japan | 1,991 (6,529) | 1998 |
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[2] | Great Belt Bridge (also known as the Storebælt Bridge; Danish: Storebæltsbroen) | Halsskov-Sprogø, Denmark | 1,624 (5,328) | 1998 |
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[3] | Runyang Bridge | Yangtze River, China | 1,490 (4,888) | 2005 |
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[4] | Humber Bridge (The largest from 1981 until 1998) |
Barton-upon-Humber - Kingston upon Hull, United Kingdom | 1,410 (4,626) | 1981 |
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[5] * | Jiangyin Suspension Bridge | Yangtze River, China | 1,385 (4,543) | 1999 |
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[6] | Tsing Ma Bridge (the largest carrying road and rail traffic) |
Tsing Yi-Ma Wan, Hong Kong, China | 1,377 (4,518) | 1997 |
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[7] | Verrazano-Narrows Bridge (The largest from 1964 until 1981) |
New York City (Brooklyn–Staten Island), USA | 1,298 (4,260) | 1964 |
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[8] | Golden Gate Bridge (The largest from 1937 until 1964) |
San Francisco-Marin County, CA, USA | 1,280 (4,200) | 1937 |
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[9] | Högakustenbron (High Coast Bridge) | Ångermanälven river , Sweden | 1,210 (3,970) | 1997 |
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[10] | Mackinac Bridge | Mackinaw City - St. Ignace, Michigan USA | 1,158 (3,800) | 1957 |
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[11] | Minami Bisan-Seto Bridge (Great Seto Bridge) | Kojima-Sakaide Route, Japan | 1,118 (3,609) | 1988 |
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[12] * | Fatih Sultan Mehmet (Second Bosporus Bridge) | Istanbul, Turkey | 1,090 (3,576) | 1988 |
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[13] * | Boğaziçi (First Bosporus Bridge) | Istanbul, Turkey | 1,074 (3,524) | 1973 |
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[14] | George Washington Bridge (The largest from 1931 until 1937) |
Fort Lee, NJ - New York, NY, USA | 1,067 (3,500) | 1931 |
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[15] | Third Kurushima-Kaikyo Bridge | Onomichi-Imabari Route, Japan | 1,030 (3,379) | 1999 |
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[16] | Second Kurushima-Kaikyo Bridge | Onomichi-Imabari Route, Japan | 1,020 (3,346) | 1999 |
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[17] * | Ponte 25 de Abril (Tagus Bridge) | Lisbon, Portugal | 1,013 (3,323) | 1966 |
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[18] | Forth Road Bridge | Firth of Forth, United Kingdom | 1,006 (3,300) | 1964 |
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[19] | Kita Bisan-Seto Bridge (Great Seto Bridge) | Kojima-Sakaide Route, Japan | 990 (3,248) | 1988 |
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[20] | Severn Bridge | Bristol Channel, United Kingdom | 988 (3,240) | 1966 |
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[21] | Shimotsui-Seto Bridge (Great Seto Bridge) | Kojima-Sakaide Route, Japan | 940 (3,084) | 1988 |
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[22] * | Xiling Bridge | Yichang (Yangtze River), China | 900 (2,952) | 1996 |
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[23] * | Humen Pearl River Bridge | Dongguan (Pearl River), Guangdong province, China | 888 (2,913) | 1997 |
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[24] | Ohnaruto Bridge | Kobe-Naruto Route, Japan | 876 (2,874) | 1985 |
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[25] | Tacoma Narrows Bridge (westbound) | Tacoma, WA, USA | 853 (2,800) | 1950 |
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[26] | Tacoma Narrows Bridge (eastbound) | Tacoma, WA, USA | 853 (2,800) | 2007 |
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[27] * | Askøy Bridge | Bergen, Norway | 850 (2,789) | 1992 |
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[28] | Innoshima Bridge | Onomichi-Imabari Route, Japan | 770 (2,526) | 1983 |
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[29] * | Akinada Bridge | Akinada Islands (Hiroshima Pref.), Japan | 750 (2,461) | 2000 |
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[30] * | Semipalatinsk Bridge | Semipalatinsk (Irtysh river), Kazakhstan | 750 (2,461) | 2000 |
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[31] | Al Zampa Memorial Bridge (New Carquinez Bridge) | Carquinez Strait, CA, USA | 728 (2,388) | 2003 |
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[32] * | Hakucho Bridge | Muroran (Hokkaidō Pref.), Japan | 720 (2,362) | 1998 |
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[33] * | Angostura Bridge | Ciudad Bolivar, Venezuela | 712 (2,336) | 1967 |
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[34] * | Kanmonkyo Bridge | Honshū-Kyūshū, Japan | 712 (2,336) | 1973 |
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[35] | San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge (Yerba Buena Island to anchorage) | San Francisco - Oakland, CA, USA | 704 (2,310) | 1936 |
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[36] | San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge (San Francisco to anchorage) | San Francisco - Oakland, CA, USA | 704 (2,310) | 1936 |
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[37] | Bronx Whitestone Bridge | New York, NY, USA | 701 (2,300) | 1939 |
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[38] | Stord Bridge | Stord, Norway | 677 (2,221) | 2001 |
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[39] * | Pierre Laporte Bridge | Quebec City, Canada | 668 (2,190) | 1970 |
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[40] | Delaware Memorial Bridge I | New Castle, DE - Pennsville, NJ, USA | 655 (2,150) | 1951 |
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[41] | Delaware Memorial Bridge II | New Castle, DE - Pennsville, NJ, USA | 655 (2,150) | 1968 |
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[42] * | Haicang Bridge | Xiamen, Fujian Province, China | 648 (2,126) | 1999 |
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[43] * | Gjemnessund Bridge | Kristiansund, Norway | 623 (2,044) | 1992 |
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[44] | Walt Whitman Bridge | Philadelphia, PA USA | 610 (2,000) | 1957 |
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[45] * | Tancarville Bridge | Le Havre, France | 608 (1,995) | 1959 |
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[46] * | New Little Belt Bridge | Little Belt, Denmark | 600 (1,969) | 1970 |
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[47] | First Kurushima-Kaikyo Bridge | Onomichi-Imabari Route, Japan | 600 (1,969) | 1999 |
| Linked photo | [48] * | E'gongyan Bridge | Chongqing, Sichuan Province, China (Yangtze River) | 600 (1,969) | 2000 |
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[49] * | Osterøy Bridge | Osterøy, Norway | 595 (1,952) | 1997 |
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[50] | Bømla Bridge | Bømlo, Norway | 577 (1,893) | 2001 |
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[51] * | Rainbow Bridge | Tokyo, Japan | 570 (1,870) | 1993 |
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[52] | Ambassador Bridge (The largest from 1929 until 1931) | Detroit, Michigan, USA – Windsor, Ontario, Canada | 564 (1,850) | 1929 |
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[53] | Hakata-Ohshima Bridge | Onomichi-Imabari Route, Japan | 560 (1,837) | 1988 |
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[54] | Throgs Neck Bridge | New York, NY, USA | 549 (1,800) | 1961 |
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[55] | Benjamin Franklin Bridge (The largest from 1926 until 1929) | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania – Camden, New Jersey, USA | 533 (1,750) | 1926 |
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[56] * | Skjomen Bridge | Narvik, Norway | 525 (1,722) | 1972 |
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[57] * | Kvalsund Bridge | Hammerfest, Norway | 525 (1,722) | 1977 |
| Linked photo | [58] * | Matadi Bridge | Matadi, Zaire | 520 (1,706) | 1983 |
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[59] * | Kleve-Emmerich Bridge | Emmerich, Germany | 500 (1,640) | 1965 |
| Linked photo | [60] * | Dazi Bridge | Dazi, China | 500 (1,640) | 1984 |
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[61] * | Gwangan Bridge | Busan, South Korea | 500 (1,640) | 2002 |
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[62] | Bear Mountain Bridge (The largest from 1924 until 1926) | Peekskill, NY, USA | 497 (1,632) | 1924 |
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[63] | Williamsburg Bridge (The largest from 1903 until 1924) | New York, NY, USA | 488 (1,600) | 1903 |
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[64] | W. Preston Lane Memorial Bridge I | Chesapeake Bay, MD, USA | 488 (1,600) | 1952 |
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[65] * | Newport Bridge (Sen. Claiborne Pell Bridge) | Newport, Rhode Island, RI, USA | 488 (1,600) | 1969 |
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[66] | W. Preston Lane Memorial Bridge II | Chesapeake Bay, MD, USA | 488 (1,600) | 1973 |
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[67] | Brooklyn Bridge (The largest from 1883 until 1903.) | New York, NY, USA | 486 (1,596) | 1883 |
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[68] * | Lions' Gate Bridge | Vancouver, Canada | 473 (1,550) | 1938 |
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[69] * | Sotra Bridge | Bergen, Norway | 468 (1,535) | 1971 |
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[70] * | Hirado Bridge | Hirado Island, Japan | 460 (1,509) | 1977 |
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[71] * | Vincent Thomas Bridge | San Pedro, CA, USA | 457 (1,499) | 1963 |
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[72] | Mid-Hudson Bridge | Poughkeepsie, NY, USA | 456 (1,495) | 1930 |
| Linked photo | [73] * | Shantou Bay Bridge | Guangdong province, China | 452 (1,483) | 1996 |
| [74] * | Fengdu Bridge | Sichuan (Yangtze River), China | 450 (1,476) | 1996 | |
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[75] | Manhattan Bridge | New York, NY, USA | 448 (1,470) | 1909 |
| Linked photo | [76] * | Lysefjord Bridge | Rogaland, Norway | 446 (1,463) | 1997 |
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[77] | Angus L. Macdonald Bridge | Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada | 441 (1,447) | 1955 |
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[78] | A. Murray MacKay Bridge | Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada | 427 (1,400) | 1970 |
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[79] | Triborough Bridge | New York, NY, USA | 421 (1,380) | 1936 |
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[80] * | Älvsborg Bridge | Gothenburg, Sweden | 417 (1,368) | 1966 |
| Linked photo | [81] * | Namhae Bridge | Namhae, South Korea | 404 (1,325) | 1973 |
| Linked photo | [82] * | Aquitaine Bridge | Bordeaux, France | 394 (1,293) | 1967 |
| [83] * | Amu Daria River Bridge | Bukhara, Uzbekistan | 390 (1,280) | 1964 | |
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[84] * | Cologne Rodenkirchen Bridge | Cologne, Germany | 378 (1,240) | 1954 |
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[85] | St. Johns Bridge | Portland, OR, USA | 368 (1,207) | 1931 |
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[86] * | Wakato Narrows Bridge | Kitakyushu, Japan | 367 (1,204) | 1962 |
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[87] * | Mount Hope Bridge | Mount Hope Bay, RI, USA | 366 (1,200) | 1929 |
| Linked photo | [88] | Ogdensburg Prescott International Bridge (Seaway Skyway) | Ogdensburg, NY, USA - Prescott, Ontario, Canada | 351 (1,151) | 1960 |
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[89] * | Hercilio Luz Bridge | Florianopolis, Brazil | 340 (1,115) | 1926 |
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[90] | Bidwell Bar Bridge | Oroville, CA, USA | 338 (1108) | 1965 |
| Linked photo | [91] * | Varodd Bridge | Kristiansand, Norway | 337 (1,106) | 1956 |
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[92] | Tamar Bridge | Plymouth-Saltash, United Kingdom | 335 (1,100) | 1961 |
| [93] * | Feda Fjord Bridge | Feda, Vest-Agder, Norway | 335 (1,100) | 2006 | |
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[94] * | Deer Isle Bridge | Penobscot Bay, ME, USA | 329 (1,088) | 1939 |
| Linked photo | [95] * | Otto Beit Bridge | Chirundu Zambia/Zimbabwe | 328 (1,085) | 1939 |
| Linked photo | [96] * | Rombak Bridge | Nordland, Norway | 325 (1,066) | 1964 |
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[97] * | Nærøysund Bridge | Nord-Trøndelag, Norway | 325 (1,066) | 1981 |
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[98] * | Simon Kenton Bridge | Maysville, KY, USA | 323 (1,060) | 1932 |
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[99] * | Île d'Orléans Bridge | Quebec City, Canada | 323 (1,059) | 1936 |
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[100] * | John A. Roebling Suspension Bridge (The largest from 1867 until 1883) | Cincinnati, OH, USA | 322 (1,057) | 1867 |
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[101] * | Dent Bridge | Orofino, ID, USA | 320 (1,050) | 1971 |
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[102] * | Cologne Mulheim Bridge | Cologne, Germany | 315 (1,033) | 1951 |
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[103] | Wheeling Suspension Bridge (The largest from 1849 until 1851) | Wheeling, WV, USA | 308 (1,010) | 1849 |
| Linked photo | [104] * | Konohana Bridge | Osaka, Japan | 300 (984) | 1987 |
| Linked photo | [105] * | Chavanon Viaduct | Merlines and Messeix, France (Chavanon Valley) | 300 (984) | 2000 |
| Linked photo | [106] | Yeongjong Grand Bridge (the largest self-anchored suspension bridge) | Incheon, South Korea | 300 (984) | 2000 |
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[107] * | Elizabeth Bridge | Budapest, Hungary | 290 (951) | 1964 |
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[108] * | Tjeldsund Bridge | Bjerkvik, Norway | 290 (951) | 1967 |
[edit] Bridges not yet completed
- The reconstructed eastern section of the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge will be the largest self-anchored suspension bridge ever constructed. With one tower, it will have two asymmetric spans of 180 and 385 meters. Construction is scheduled to be completed in 2013.
- The İzmit Bay Bridge crossing the Marmara Sea in Turkey with a span of 1,668 m.
- Several large suspension bridges are planned for China. The Xihoumen Bridge, with a span of 1,650 is planned for the Zhoushan Archipelago. The Taizhou Yangtze River Highway Bridge is being designed with two 1080 meter spans connecting three towers. [109]. A suspension bridge is also being considered to cross the 22.5 kilometer wide Qiongzhou Strait. [110] One design consists of four bridges strung together with four main-spans of 2,000 meters, two main-spans of 1,800 meters, five anchorages and 10 towers. [111] If completed this bridge will assume six of the top seven slots on this list.
- The Hardanger Bridge, with a total length of 1,380 m, is to be constructed across the fjord Hardangerfjorden in Norway. Construction is estimated to be completed in 2011. [112]
- The Chacao Channel bridge connecting the island of Chiloé with mainland Chile. This strange design has two mainspans of 1,055 m and 1,100 m without an anchorage between them. Construction was due to begin in 2007 for completion in 2012, however due to cost overruns the project is now on hold.
- The 2nd Strelasundquerung connecting the German island Rügen to the mainland. The new bridge, with a length of 2183 m is scheduled to be completed in the end of 2007.
[edit] Proposed suspension bridges
Suspension bridges have also been suggested for the Strait of Gibraltar and the Sunda Strait with longest spans of several kilometres. The suspension cables for these longest bridges are suspended from the ends of cable-stayed struts extending diagonally from huge pylons.
The Fehmarn Belt bridge or the alternative Gedser-Rostock bridge is being proposed to connect Denmark and Germany.
[edit] Planned bridges never built
- The Strait of Messina Bridge, with a center span of 3,300 m, was planned to connect Italy and Sicily. The project was cancelled on 11 October 2006 by the Romano Prodi-led government amid controversy concerning the bridge's cost and feared mafia influence.[113]
- Construction of the Malta-Gozo Bridge started in the early 70s, but was stopped after protests from the Gozitans.
[edit] See also
- List of spans ( list of remarkable permanent wire spans)
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|---|---|---|
| Types of bridges | Moveable bridge · Beam bridge · Cantilever bridge · Arch bridge · Suspension bridge · Cable-stayed bridge · Truss bridge · Visual index to various types |
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| Lists of Bridges | Notable bridges · By length · Longest suspension bridge spans · Largest cable-stayed bridges · Largest cantilever bridges · Arch bridges · Bridge disasters | |
[edit] External links
- Progress of Center Span on Long-Span Bridges at the Honshu-Shikoku Bridge Expressway Co.
[edit] References
- Note: Some of the information posted on the following sites may differ from that above. As of February 21 2006, the sites were out of date or inaccurate as noted in parenthesis
- Denenberg, David, Bridgemeister.com (an extensive inventory of roughly 2,000 suspension bridges)
- Janberg, Nicolas, Suspension bridges, Structurae.de (an extensive database of structures including many suspension bridges)
- Durkee, Jackson, "World's Longest Bridge Spans", National Steel Bridge Alliance, May 24, 1999 (out of date)
- The World's Greatest Bridges, The Bridge over the Strait of Messina (out of date and other errors)
- List of longest spans, Pub Quiz Help (includes bridges that have not yet been completed)
- Steel bridges in the world, and other bridge statistics, The Swedish Institute of Steel Construction, March, 2003 (out of date)
- Virola, Eur Ing Juhani, Two Millennia - Two Long-Span Suspension Bridges, Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering, ATSE Focus No 124, November/December 2002 (revised information up to date as of 2005)
