Oahu

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Oʻahu The Gathering Isle
Satellite photo of Oʻahu
Geography
Location in the state of Hawaii
Location	21°28′N, 157°59′W
Area	596.7 sq mi (1,545.4 km²)
Rank	3rd largest Hawaiian Island
Highest point	Mt. Kaʻala   4,003 ft (1,220.1 m)
Demographics
Population	876,151 (as of 2000)
Official Insignia[1]
Flower	Ilima
Color	Mele Mele (Yellow)

Oʻahu (usually Oahu outside Hawaiian and Hawaiian English), known as "the Gathering Place", is the third largest of the Hawaiian Islands and most populous of the islands in the State of Hawaiʻi. The state capital Honolulu is located on the southeast coast. Including small close-in offshore islands such as Ford Island and the islands in Kaneohe Bay and off the eastern coast, it has a total land area of 596.7 square miles (1,545.4 km²), making it the 20th largest island in the United States.^[2] In greatest dimension, this volcanic island is 44 miles (71 km) long and 30 miles (48 km) across. The length of the shoreline is 227 miles (365 km). The island is the result of two separate shield volcanoes: Waiʻanae and Koʻolau, with a broad "valley" or saddle (the central Oʻahu Plain) between them. The highest point is Mt. Kaʻala in the Waiʻanae Range, rising to 4,003 feet (1,220 m) above sea level.^[3]

Contents 1 Introduction 2 History 3 Tourist attractions 4 Television and Film 5 Notes 6 References 7 External links

[edit] Introduction

The 2000 census showed a population of 876,151, which was essentially the entire population of Honolulu County except for 5 individuals who lived in the far-flung Northwestern Hawaiian Islands portion of the county in the United States Census Bureau's Census Tract 114.98 of Honolulu County, Hawaiʻi.^[4]

The island is home to about 900,000 people (approximately 75% of the resident population of the state) and partly because of this, Oʻahu has for a long time been nicknamed "The Gathering Place". However, the term Oʻahu has no confirmed meaning in Hawaiian, other than that of the place itself (Pukui, et al., 1976). Ancient Hawaiian tradition attributes the name's origin in the legend of Hawaiʻiloa, the Polynesian navigator credited with discovery of the Hawaiian Islands. The story relates that he named the island after a son.

The city of Honolulu—largest city, state capital, and main deepwater marine port for the State of Hawaiʻi—is located here. As a jurisdictional unit, the entire island of Oʻahu is in the City & County of Honolulu, although as a place name, Honolulu occupies only a portion of the southeast end of the island (essentially, the Honolulu District). The island extends from Kaʻena on the west end to Makapuʻu on the east. Well-known features found on Oʻahu include Waikīkī, Pearl Harbor, Diamond Head, Hanauma Bay, Kāneʻohe Bay, and the North Shore.

[edit] History

The old Kingdom of Oahu was once rule by the most ancient Aliʻi in all of the Hawaiian Islands. In 1785 Kahekili King of Maui conquered Oahu and deposed the reigning family and then made his son Kalanikupule king of Oahu. Kamehameha the great would conquer Kalanikupule's force in the Battle of Nuʻuanu. And with the conquest of Oʻahu in 1795 Kamehameha founded the Hawaiian Kingdom Hawaii would not be unifed until the islands of Kauai and Niihau surrender under King Kaumualii in 1810. Kamehameha III moved his capital from Lāhainā, Maui to Honolulu, Oʻahu in 1845. ʻIolani Palace, built later by other members of the royal family, is still standing, and is the only royal palace on American soil.

Oʻahu was apparently the first of the Hawaiian Islands sighted by the crew of HMS Resolution on 18 January 1778 during Capt. James Cook's third Pacific expedition. Escorted by HMS Discovery, the expedition was surprised to find high islands this far north in the central Pacific. Oʻahu was not actually visited by Europeans until 28 February 1779 when Captain Clerke aboard HMS Resolution stepped ashore at Waimea Bay. Clerke had taken command of the ship after Capt. Cook was killed at Kealakekua Bay (Island of Hawaiʻi) on February 14, and was leaving the islands for the North Pacific.

The opening battle of the Second World War in the Pacific for the United States was the Imperial Japanese Navy attack on Pearl Harbor, Oʻahu on the morning of December 7, 1941. The surprise attack was aimed at the Pacific Fleet of the United States Navy and its defending Army Air Corps and Marine Air Forces. The attack damaged or destroyed twelve American warships, destroyed 188 aircraft, and resulted in the deaths of 2,403 American servicemen and 68 civilians.

Today, Oʻahu has become a tourism and shopping haven as over 5 million visitors (mainly from the American mainland and Japan) flock there every year to enjoy the quintessential island holiday experience that the Hawaiian Islands and her multicultural people now personify.

A series of earthquakes struck Oʻahu and the surrounding islands on October 15, 2006, interrupting electrical supplies and knocking television broadcasting stations off the air. Preliminary reports said that the first earthquake measured 6.3 on the Richter scale and originated 155 miles (249 km) southeast of Honolulu.

[edit] Tourist attractions

• Ala Moana
• Diamond Head
• Hanauma Bay
• Honolulu
• Honolulu Academy of Arts
• North Shore
• Pearl Harbor
• Polynesian Cultural Center
• USS Arizona Memorial
• USS Missouri
• Waikīkī
• Valley of the temples

[edit] Television and Film

Oʻahu has been featured in many movies and television shows, including, but not limited to: 50 First Dates, Blue Crush, Flight 29 Down, Hawaii Five-O, Jake and the Fatman, the Jurassic Park movies, Lost, Windtalkers, Mighty Joe Young, The Karate Kid , Magnum P.I., North Shore, and Pearl Harbor. The reality TV show Dog the Bounty Hunter is filmed in the regions of Honolulu, Oʻahu (as well as other regions in Oʻahu), and the city of Kailua-Kona on the Big Island of Hawaiʻi.

Multiplayer online racing game Test Drive Unlimited (Xbox 360 / PC / PS2 / PSP) takes place on a fully modeled Oʻahu island with 1,000 miles (1,600 km) of roads and highways.'

[edit] Notes

[edit] References

• Macdonald, Gordon A., Agatin T. Abbott, and Frank L. Peterson. 1983. Volcanoes in the Sea. University of Hawaiʻi Press, Honolulu. 517 pp.
• Pukui, M.K., S.H. Elbert, and E.T. Mookini. 1976. Place names of Hawaiʻi. University of Hawaiʻi Press. 289 pp.

[edit] External links

• Oahu travel guide from Wikitravel
• Beautiful spots to visit Collected by a long time Hawaiʻi Resident
• Photos of Oʻahu - Terra Galleria
• Hawaiimode---Hawaii Travel Information
• Hawaiʻi State Vacation Planner
• Hawaiʻi Beaches Hawaiʻi beaches are shared by a lifelong Hawaiʻi resident through favorite ocean activities like fishing, diving, bodysurfing, bodyboarding, windsurfing, and kayaking.
• A history of Oahu's Harbors

	v • d • e State of Hawaii Honolulu (capital)
Topics	Culture · Geography · Government · History · Music · Politics · People
Main Islands	Hawaii · Kahoolawe · Kauai · Lanai · Maui · Molokai · Niihau · Oahu
Northwestern Islands	French Frigate Shoals · Gardner · Kure · Laysan · Lisianski · Maro Reef · Necker · Nihoa · Pearl and Hermes
Communities	Hilo · Honolulu · Kahului · Kaneohe · Waipahu · Lihue · Pearl City
Counties	Hawaii · Honolulu · Kalawao · Kauai · Maui

Coordinates: 21°28′N, 157°59′W