Emperor Ninkō
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Emperor Ninkō (仁孝天皇 Ninkō-tennō) (March 16, 1800 – February 21, 1846) was the 120th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years 1817 through 1846.[1]
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[edit] Genealogy
Before his ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (his iminia) was Ayahito-shinnō (恵仁親王).[1]
Ninkō was the fourth son of Emperor Kōkaku. He had 7 sons and 8 daughters from various concubines, but only the future Emperor Komei (Komei-tennō), Princess Sumiko (Sumiko-hime) and Princess Chikako (Chikako-hime) survived to adulthood.
[edit] Events of Ninkō's life
He reigned from October 31, 1817 to February 21, 1846.
Ninkō was named as crown prince in 1809, being adopted by his father the Emperor's wife (chūgū), Imperial Princess Yoshiko (?, 欣子内親王), also known as Shin-Seiwa-in (?, 新清和院). Ninkō was enthroned as Emperor in 1817 after his father retired from the throne. Following his father the Retired Emperor's wishes, he attempted to revive certain court rituals and practices. For example, Ninkō and all other emperors after his father have been identified as tennō.
His reign saw some deterioration of bakufu power. The bakufu encountered yet more problems during the reign of his son, Emperor Kōmei (Komei-tennō). The bakufu collapsed in the beginning of the reign of his grandson, Emperor Meiji (Meiji-tennō).
Among Ninkō's innovations was the establishment of the Gakushūsho (the predecessor of the Gakushūin for the Court Nobility just outside of the Imperial Palace.
Ninko's Imperial Tomb (misasagi) is at Nochi no Tsukinowa no misasagi (後月輪陵) in Kyoto's Higashiyama section.
[edit] Kugyō
Kugyō (公卿) is a collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of the Emperor of Japan in pre-Meiji eras. Even during those years in which the court's actual influence outside the palace walls was minimal, the hierarchic organization persisted.
In general, this elite group included only three to four men at a time. These were hereditary courtiers whose experience and background would have brought them to the pinnacle of a life's career. During Ninkō's reign, this apex of the Daijō-kan included:
[edit] Eras of Ninkō's reign
The years of Ninkō's reign are more specifically identified by more than one era name or nengō.[1]
[edit] External links
[edit] References
- Screech, Timon. (2006). Secret Memoirs of the Shoguns: Isaac Titsingh and Japan, 1779-1822. London: RoutledgeCurzon. ISBN 0-700-71720-X
- Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). [Siyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō, 1652], Nipon o daï itsi ran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon, tr. par M. Isaac Titsingh avec l'aide de plusieurs interprètes attachés au comptoir hollandais de Nangasaki; ouvrage re., complété et cor. sur l'original japonais-chinois, accompagné de notes et précédé d'un Aperçu d'histoire mythologique du Japon, par M. J. Klaproth. Paris: Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. ...click link for digitized, full-text copy of this book (in French)
| Preceded by Emperor Kōkaku |
Emperor of Japan: Ninkō 1817-1846 |
Succeeded by Emperor Kōmei |
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