List of heads of state of Hungary

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For Heads of State in the Kingdom of Hungary, see List of Hungarian rulers.

[edit] The first republic

The 1848 revolution had particular impact on the Kingdom of Hungary. The Magyars wanted to establish a Hungarian state, while the Croats sought autonomous government and separation from Hungary.

The independent Hungarian state was proclaimed on 14 April 1849, with Lajos Kossuth as Governor-President. On 13 August 1849, the Habsburgs reasserted their authority with the help of Russian troops.

Affiliation Ruler Reigns of rulers Remarks
Hungary declared complete independence from the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy on October 17, 1918 and formed the First Republic (as the 1849 state is not counted)
Mihály Károlyi 16 November 1918 – 21 March 1919 President of the Republic
Hungarian Communist Party Sándor Garbai 21 March – 1 August 1919 Romania invades Hungary.
Acting Head of State Gyula Peidl 1 August – 6 August 1919 Title: President of the Republic
First Republic abolished.
Archduke Joseph August of Austria 6 August – 23 October 1919 Regent
István Friedrich 23 October – 24 November 1919 President of the Republic
Károly Huszár 24 November 1919 – 1 March 1920 President of the Republic
Monarchy Restored
Regent Miklós Horthy 1 March 1920 – 15 October 1944 Head of state. (No king at the throne)
Arrow Cross puppet-government in part of the country, occupied by Nazis Ferenc Szálasi 16 October 1944 – 28 March 1945 Hungary is occupied by Nazi Germany.
Anti-Nazi government (to April 1945: in part of the country, freed of Nazis) Béla Miklós de Dálnok (acting) 21 December 1944 – 15 November 1945 Hungary is occupied by the Red Army.
Chairman of the Provisional National Assembly István Vasary 21 December 1944
Chairman of the Provisional National Assembly Béla Zsedényi 21 December 1944 - 26 January 1945
High National Council Non-Party Béla Zsedényi 26 January 1945 - 7 December 1945
High National Council Military Béla Miklós de Dálnok
High National Council Hungarian Communist Party Ernő Gerő 26 January 1945 - 11 May 1945
High National Council Hungarian Communist Party József Révay 11 May 1945 - 27 September 1945
High National Council Hungarian Communist Party Mátyás Rákosi 27 September 1945 - 7 December 1945
High National Council Independent Smallholders' Party Ferenc Nagy 7 December 1945 - 2 February 1946
High National Council Independent Smallholders' Party Zoltán Tildy (ex officio)
High National Council Hungarian Communist Party Lászlo Rajk
High National Council Independent Smallholders' Party Béla Varga 7 December 1945 - 8 January 1946
Second Hungarian Republic
Independent Smallholders' Party Zoltán Tildy 2 February 1946 – 2 August 1948 President of the Republic
Hungarian Workers Party Árpád Szakasits 2 August 1948 – 23 August 1949 President of the Republic
Renamed the "People's Republic of Hungary"
Hungarian Workers Party Árpád Szakasits 23 August 1949 - 26 April 1950 Chairman of the Hungarian Presidentital Council
Hungarian Workers Party Sándor Rónai 26 April 1950 – 14 August 1952 Chairman of the Hungarian Presidentital Council
Hungarian Socialist Workers Party István Dobi 14 August 1952 – 13 April 1967 Chairman of the Hungarian Presidentital Council
Hungarian Revolution of 1956
Hungarian Socialist Workers Party Pál Losonczi 13 April 1967 – 25 June 1987 Chairman of the Hungarian Presidentital Council
Hungarian Socialist Workers Party Károly Németh 25 June 1987 – 29 June 1988 Chairman of the Hungarian Presidentital Council
Hungarian Socialist Workers Party Brunó Ferenc Straub 29 June 1988 – 18 October 1989 Chairman of the Hungarian Presidential Council
Third Hungarian Republic
Hungarian Socialist Workers Party Mátyás Szűrös 18 October 1989 – 2 May 1990 Interim President
Non-partisan Árpád Göncz 2 May 1990 – 4 August 2000 Interim President to 3 August 1990 President of the Republic
Non-partisan Ferenc Mádl 4 August 2000 – 5 August 2005 President of the Republic
Non-partisan László Sólyom 5 August 2005 – (incumbent) President of the Republic

[edit] General Secretaries of the Hungarian Communist/Socialist Workers' Party (1945-1989)

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Flag of Europe Heads of state of the European Union member states
Fischer (AT) · Albert II (BE2 ) · Parvanov (BG) · Christofias1  (CY) · Klaus (CZ) · Margrethe II (DK2 ) · Ilves (ET) · Halonen (FI) · Sarkozy1  (FR) · Köhler (DE) · Papoulias (GR) · Sólyom (HU) · McAleese (IE) · Napolitano (IT) · Zatlers (LV) · Adamkus (LT) · Henri (LU2 ) · Fenech Adami (MT) · Beatrix (NL2 ) · Kaczyński (PL) · Cavaco Silva (PT) · Băsescu (RO) · Gašparovič (SK) · Türk (SL) · Juan Carlos I (ES2 ) · Carl XVI Gustaf (SE2 ) · Elizabeth II (UK2 )
1 Also members of the European Council. 2 Monarchies.
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1 Partially or entirely in Asia, depending on the definition of the border between Europe and Asia.
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_Hungary"
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