Kumyk language
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Kumyk Кумык |
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|---|---|---|
| Spoken in: | Russia | |
| Region: | Dagestan | |
| Total speakers: | 282,000 | |
| Language family: | Altaic Turkic Kypchak Kypchak-Cuman Kumyk |
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| Writing system: | Cyrillic alphabet | |
| Language codes | ||
| ISO 639-1: | none | |
| ISO 639-2: | kum | |
| ISO 639-3: | kum | |
| Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. | ||
Kumyk (also Qumuq, Kumuk, Kumuklar or Kumyki) (Кумык) is a Turkic language, spoken by about 200,000 speakers (the Kumyks) in the Dagestan republic of Russian Federation.
Yırçı Qazaq (born 1839) is usually considered to be a founder of Kumyk literature. Kumyk was written using Arabic script until 1928, using Latin script from 1928-1938, and using Cyrillic since then.
The first regular newspapers and magazines appeared in 1917-18. Currently, the newspaper Ёлдаш (Yoldash, Companion), the successor of the Soviet-era Ленин ёлу (Lenin yolu, Lenin's Path), prints around 5,000 copies 3 times a week.
It has been strongly influenced by Azeri and Dargwa, as well as by Russian during last century.
[edit] Orthography
A Latin based alphabet was used from 1927—1937).
| A a | B в | C c | Ç ç | D d | E e | F f | G g |
| Ƣ ƣ | H h | I i | J j | K k | L l | M m | N n |
| Ŋ ŋ | O o | Ɵ ɵ | P p | Q q | R r | S s | Ş ş |
| T t | U u | V v | W w | X x | Y y | Z z | Ƶ ƶ |
| Ь ь |
A Cyrillic based alphabet has been used since 1937.
| А а | Б б | В в | Г г | Гъ гъ | Гь гь | Д д | Е е |
| Ё ё | Ж ж | З з | И и | Й й | К к | Къ къ | Л л |
| М м | Н н | Нг нг | О о | Оь оь | П п | Р р | С с |
| Т т | У у | Уь уь | Ф ф | Х х | Ц ц | Ч ч | Ш ш |
| Щ щ | Ъ ъ | Ы ы | Ь ь | Э э | Ю ю | Я я |
[edit] Bibliography
- Saodat Doniyorova and Toshtemirov Qahramonil. Parlons Koumyk. Paris: Harmattan, 2004. ISBN 2747564479.
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