Time in New Zealand
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Zone | Standard Time | Daylight Time |
|---|---|---|
| New Zealand | UTC+12:00 | UTC+13:00 |
| Chatham Islands | UTC+12:45 | UTC+13:45 |
| Cook Islands and Tokelau | UTC-10:00 | |
| Niue | UTC-11:00 | |
| The current Time in New Zealand is: 02:13 26 June 2008 |
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New Zealand has two time zones. The main islands use New Zealand Standard Time (NZST), 12 hours in advance of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), while the outlying Chatham Islands use Chatham Standard Time (CHAST), 12 hours 45 minutes in advance of UTC.
During summer (see below for exact dates) daylight saving time is observed and clocks are advanced one hour. New Zealand Daylight Time (NZDT) is thus 13 hours ahead of UTC, and Chatham Daylight Time (CHADT) 13 hours 45 minutes ahead.
The Ross Dependency in Antarctica maintains NZST/NZDT, along with McMurdo Station and the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station.
Furthermore, there are dependencies of New Zealand in the Pacific Ocean, in two different time zones on the other side of the International Date Line:
- The Cook Islands and Tokelau are in the UTC−10 time zone and observe no daylight saving time. Their time is thus 22 or 23 hours behind New Zealand, in other words, New Zealand time minus one day plus 1 or 2 hours.
- Niue's time zone is UTC−11.
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[edit] History
On 2 November 1868, New Zealand officially adopted a standard time to be observed nationally, and was perhaps the first country to do so. It was based on longitude 172°30′ East of Greenwich, 11 1/2 hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). This standard was known as New Zealand Mean Time (NZMT).
In 1941, during the Second World War, clocks were advanced half an hour, making New Zealand 12 hours ahead of GMT. This change was made permanent from 1946 by the Standard Time Act 1945, at which the time at the 180°E meridian was made the basis for New Zealand Time. NZST remained half an hour ahead of NZMT, and the Chatham Islands 45 minutes ahead of NZST.
In the late 1940s the atomic clock was developed and several laboratories began atomic time scales. A new time scale known as Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) was adopted internationally in 1972. This was based on the readings of atomic clocks, updated periodically in accordance with time variations in the earth's rotation by the addition or deletion of seconds (called leap seconds).
The Time Act 1974 defines New Zealand Standard Time (NZST) as 12 hours in advance of UTC.
[edit] Daylight saving time
The Summer Time Act 1929, repealed by the Time Act 1974, empowered the Governor-General to declare by Order in Council a period when Daylight Time is to be observed. Under the Act, NZDT is one hour in advance of NZST.
The Act provided for Daylight Time to be observed from the second Sunday in October to the third Sunday in March. In 1933, the period was extended from the first Sunday in September to the last Sunday in April. This continued until the Second World War, when emergency regulations in 1941 extended daylight saving to cover the whole year.
The New Zealand Time Order 1975 fixed the period of observance from the last Sunday in October to the first Sunday in March.
In 1985 a comprehensive survey was undertaken by the Department of Internal Affairs. Public attitudes towards NZDT and its effects on work, recreation and particular groups of people in society were surveyed. The survey indicated that 76.2% of the population wanted NZDT either continued or extended.
The survey also concluded that opinion on the topic differed little between sexes, and that support for NZDT was generally higher in urban centres. Support for shortening or abolishing NZDT was always in the minority in the areas surveyed.
As a consequence of the survey and further feedback from the public, in 1988 the Minister of Internal Affairs arranged for a trial period of extended NZDT to be held from the second Sunday in October 1989 to the third Sunday in March 1990. The Minister invited the public to write to him with their views on the five-week extension.
The Daylight Time Order 1990 declared that NZDT would run from 2am NZST on the first Sunday in October to 3am NZDT on the third Sunday in March.
On 30 April 2007 the government announced that it had extended the daylight saving period from 24 to 27 weeks:. From September 2007, daylight saving is now observed from the last Sunday in September until the first Sunday in April.
[edit] Standards
The standard for time in New Zealand is maintained by the Measurement Standards Laboratory, part of Industrial Research Limited. It is disseminated by various means, including time pips broadcast on Radio New Zealand, a speaking clock service, and Network Time Protocol.
[edit] References
- Measurement Standards Laboratory
- Time Zones of New Zealand at statoids.com
- Daylight Saving page from The Department of Internal Affairs.
- Text of current order regulating daylight saving time
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