IPA chart for English

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The International
Phonetic Alphabet
History
Nonstandard symbols
Extensions to the IPA
Naming conventions
IPA for English

This concise chart shows the most common applications of the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) to represent English language pronunciations.

See Pronunciation respelling for English for phonetic transcriptions used in different dictionaries.

Note: An image of the chart is also available.
IPA Examples
IPA: English Consonants
p pen, spin, tip
b but, web
t two, sting, bet
d do, odd
chair, nature, teach
gin, joy, edge
k cat, kill, skin, queen, unique, thick
ɡ go, get, beg
f fool, enough, leaf, off, photo
v voice, have, of
θ thing, teeth
ð this, breathe, father
s see, city, pass
z zoo, rose
ʃ she, sure, emotion, leash
ʒ pleasure, beige, seizure
x Scottish loch[1]
h ham
m man, ham
n no, tin
ŋ ringer, sing,[2] finger, drink
l left, bell
ɹ run, very[3]
w we, queen
j yes, Europe
ʍ what[4]
 
IPA: Marginal Sounds
ʔ uh-(ʔ)oh
IPA Examples
England
RP[5]
United States
GA
Australia
AuE
New Zealand
NZE
Scotland
ScE
South Africa
SAE
compro-
mise
IPA: English Vowels
ɑː ɑ ɐː a ɑː father
ɪ ɪ ɪ ɘ ɪ ɪ sit
i ɪi i i i i city
ɪi see
ɛ ɛ e e ɛ ɛ bed[6]
ɜː(ɹ) ɝ/ɹ̩ ɜː(ɹ) ɵː(ɹ) ʌɾ, ɛɾ,
ɪɾ[7]
ɜr burr, berm, bird
æ æ æ,
æː[8]
ɛ a æ lad, bad, cat[9]
ɑː(ɹ) ɑɹ aː(ɹ) ɐː(ɹ) ɑr arm, car
ʌ ʌ a ɐ ʌ ʌ run, enough
ɒ ɑ ɔ ɒ ɔ ɒ not, wasp
ɔː ɔ ɔː law, caught[10]
ʊ ʊ ʊ ʊ ʉ ʊ put, wood
ʊu ʊu ʉː ʉː soon, through
ə ə ə ɘ ə ə about
ə(ɹ) ɚ/ɹ̩ ə(ɹ) ɘ(ɹ) əɾ ər winner[11]
 
IPA: English Diphthongs
æɪ æe e day, pain
ɑe ɑe my, wise
ɔɪ ɔɪ oe oi ɔɪ boy
əʊ əʉ ɐʉ o no, tow
æɔ æo now
ɪə(ɹ) ɪɹ ɪə(ɹ) iə(ɹ) ɪər near, here
eə(ɹ) ɛɹ eː(ɹ) eə(ɹ) ɛər hair, there[12]
ʊə(ɹ) ɔɹ oː(ɹ) oː(ɹ) ɔər tore
ʊɹ, ɔɹ ʊə(ɹ),
ʉːə(ɹ)
ʊə(ɹ),
ʉːə(ɹ)
ʊər tour
IPA: Other symbols used in transcription of English pronunciation
IPA Explanation
ˈ Primary stress (placed before the stressed syllable), for example rapping /ˈɹæpɪŋ/
ˌ Secondary stress/full vowel, for example battleship /ˈbætl̩ˌʃɪp/
. Syllable separator, for example ice cream /aɪs.krim/ vs. I scream /aɪ.skrim/
 ̩ Syllabic consonant, for example ridden /ˈɹɪdn̩/

[edit] Notes

  1. ^ Marginal elsewhere.
  2. ^ In some dialects (e.g. Brummie) "ringer", "sing" etc are pronounced with an additional /ɡ/, like "finger": /ˈɹɪŋɡə/ rather than /ˈɹɪŋə/
  3. ^ The tap [ɾ] is found in some varieties of Scottish.
  4. ^ Some dialects, such as Scottish and much of the American South; see whine and wine and voiceless labiovelar approximant
  5. ^ Roach & 2004 (241-243)
  6. ^ Often transcribed /e/ for RP, for example in Collins English Dictionary.
  7. ^ See Fern-fir-fur merger for this distinction.
  8. ^ See bad-lad split for this distinction.
  9. ^ Often transcribed /a/ for RP, for example in dictionaries of the Oxford University Press.
  10. ^ See low back merger for more discussion of this vowel in American English.
  11. ^ Sometimes transcribed for GA as [əɹ], especially in transcriptions that represent both rhotic and non-rhotic pronunciations, as [ə(ɹ)].
  12. ^ Alternative symbols used in British dictionaries are /ɛː/ (Oxford University Press) and /ɛə/.

[edit] See also

[edit] References

[edit] External links

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