List of Germanic and Latinate equivalents in English
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This list contains Germanic elements of the English language which have a close corresponding Latinate form. The correspondence is semantic - in most cases these words are not cognates.
It is worth noting that usually the Germanic words sound more common, and the Latinate ones more lofty.
Source for checking: Online Etymology Dictionary, Merriam-Webster Online.
Germanic source | Germanic | Latinate | Latin source |
---|---|---|---|
Gmc *angus Gmc *wraiþiþo |
anger wrath |
rage ire |
rabiēs īra |
WGmc *aiskōn | ask | inquire request |
in + quaerere re + quaerere |
Gmc *ga-waraz | aware | cognizant | cognoscere |
Gmc *beforan | before | prior to | prior |
WGmc *beo + *ginnan | begin | commence | com + initiāre |
Gmc *ga-laubjan | belief | creed | crēdere |
Gmc *balgiz | belly | abdomen | abdomen |
Gmc *brōþar | brotherly | fraternal | frāternus |
Gmc *bugjanan | buy | purchase | pro- + V.L. *captiare |
WGmc *kalbam | calf | veal | vitellus, vitulus |
Gmc *kilþam | child | infant | īnfāns |
Gmc *kaldaz | cold | frigid | frigidus |
Gmc *kweman | come | arrive | ad + ripa |
Gmc *kōuz | cow | beef cattle |
bōs V.L. capitale |
Gmc *dagaz | daily | diurnal | diurnalis |
Gmc *daudaz + *likaz | deadly | mortal fatal |
mortālis fatum |
Gmc *deuzam | deer | venison | venātiō/nis |
Gmc *erþō | earth | soil | solium |
Gmc *austra | eastern | oriental | orīri |
Gmc *etanan | eat | dine | V.L. diseieunare < dis + ieiunare |
Gmc *anðiōn | end | finish complete discontinue |
fīnīre complēre dis- + continuāre |
Gmc *fadar + *likaz | fatherly | paternal | paternus |
WGmc *fōljan | feeling | sentiment sensation |
sensus, sentiō |
Gmc *fullijan + *up | fill up | replenish | re + plēnus |
Gmc *furistaz | first | primary | prīmus |
Gmc *floþuz | flood | inundate | inundāre < in + unda |
Gmc *fulgian | follow | ensue | in- + sequi |
Gmc *fur-*biudan | forbid | prohibit | prohibēre < pro + habēre inter + dicere, dictus |
Gmc *fura + *taljanan | foretell | predict | praedīcere |
Gmc *frijaz | freedom | liberty | lībertās < līber |
Gmc *frijond + *likaz | friendly | amicable | amīcus |
Gmc *gadurojan | gather | assemble | ad + simul |
Gmc *giftiz | gift | present | prae- + essere |
Gmc *geban | give | provide | pro + vidēre |
Gmc *glaþaz | gladness | joy pleasure delight |
gaudium placēre dēlēctāre |
Gmc *guþan | god | deity | deus |
WGmc *gaian + Gmc *an | go on | proceed | pro- + cedere |
Gmc *getiskanan | guess | estimate | aestimare |
Gmc *χarjaz + *berg | harbour | port | portus |
Gmc *χatojanan | hate | detest | de- + testari |
Gmc *χauχiþa | height | altitude | altitūdō (< altus) |
Gmc *χelpan | help | assist | assistere < ad + sistere |
WGmc *χannja | hen | pullet | pullus |
Gmc *χulnis | hill | mount | mōns, montis |
Gmc *aujo + *landom | island | isle | insula |
WGmc *jukkjan | itch | irritate | irritāre |
Gmc *knoean | know | recognize | re + cognoscere |
Gmc *landom | land | terrain | terrenum < terra |
Gmc *latas | late | tardy | tardus |
Gmc *laiþjan | leader | duke president |
dux praesidēns |
Gmc *langiþo | length | longitude | longitūdō (< longus) |
Gmc *legjan | lie (lie down) | repose recline |
re- + pausa re- + clinare |
Gmc *lubo | loving | amorous | amōrōsus |
Gmc *ga-makon | match | correspond | con + respondēre |
WGmc *mainijan | mean | intend signify |
intendere significare |
Gmc *motijan | meet | encounter | incontrāre < in + contrā |
Gmc *medjaz + *dagaz | midday | noon | nona |
Old Norse mistaka | mistake | error | error (< errāre) |
Gmc *mōdar + *likaz | motherly | maternal | māternus |
Gmc *neujaz | new | novel modern |
novus modernus |
Gmc *naχt + *likaz | nightly | nocturnal | nocturnus |
WGmc *alda | old | ancient | V.L. *anteanus < ante |
Gmc *anþaraz | other | different | differre |
Gmc *ukhnaz | oven | kiln furnace |
culina fornax |
Gmc *ridanan | road | street | V.L. strata |
Gmc *rutjan | rot | putrefy | putrefacere |
Gmc *seχwan | see | perceive | per- + capere |
Gmc *som | seem | appear | apparere |
Gmc *skapjanan | shape | form | forma |
WGmc *skæpa Gmc *lambaz |
sheep lamb |
mutton | med. L. multō |
WGmc *skuttjan | shut | close | clausus |
Gmc *skeuχ(w)az | shy | timid | timidus |
Gmc *seχ(w) | sight | vision | vidēre/vīsum |
Gmc *skaljo + *fullaz | skillful | adept | adeptus < adipiscī |
Gmc *slæpan | sleeping | dormant | dormīre |
Gmc *snakon | snake | serpent | serpens |
Gmc *surgo | sorrow | grief | gravare < gravis |
Gmc *sprekan Gmc *talo |
speak talk |
converse discourse |
con- + vertere dis- + currere |
Gmc *swīnam | swine | pork | porcus |
Gmc *taikijan | teach | educate | ēdūcāre < ēdūcere |
Gmc *taljanan | tell | relate narrate |
relatus < re- + ferre narrare |
Gmc *þankjan | thinking | pensive | pēnsāre |
Gmc *þankjan | thought | idea | idea |
Gmc *þreutanan | threat | danger peril menace |
V.L. *dominarium < dominus periculum' minaciae < minari |
Gmc *tungon | tongue | language | V.L. *linguaticum < L. lingua |
Gmc *under + *stand | understand | comprehend | comprehendere |
Gmc *up- + *luftijan | uplifting | elevating | ē- + levāre |
Gmc *utizon | utter | pronounce | pro- + nunciare |
Gmc *utizon | utterly | totally | tōtālis |
Gmc *wadjojan | wage | salary | salārium |
Gmc *wakan | wait | expect | ex + spectāre |
Gmc *watskanan | wash | lave | lavare |
Gmc *wakan | watch | observe | ob + servāre |
Gmc *wakan | watchful | vigilant | vigilāre |
Gmc *wopijanan | weep | cry | quiritare |
Gmc *westra | western | occidental | occidere |
Gmc *(ga)χailaz | whole | entire | integer |
Gmc *widas | width | latitude | latitūdō (< latus) |
Gmc *wilthjiaz | wild | savage feral |
silvaticus < silva fera |
Gmc *wisaz | wise | prudent | prudēns < providēns |
Gmc *wunskjan | wish | desire | desiderāre |
Gmc *wiban + *manwaz | womanly | feminine | femininus |
Gmc *widuz | wood (a wood) | forest | M.L. forestis |
Gmc *jæram | yearly | annual | annalis |
WGmc *gelwa | yellow | ochre | ochra |
WGmc *jugunthiz | youthful | juvenile | iuvenis |
Gmc *juwunthiz | youth | adolescence | adolescere < ad + alescere |
[edit] See also
- List of Latin words with English derivatives
- List of Greek words with English derivatives
- List of Latin phrases
- Latin language
- List of French phrases
- List of Greek phrases
- List of German expressions in English
- Wiktionary:Transwiki:List of German words and phrases
- French phrases used by English speakers
- Wiktionary:Transwiki:List of Spanish expressions in common English
- Anglish