Islamic view of Moses
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Moses (Arabic موسى Musa ) (circa 1436/1228 BC – 1316/1108 BC)[1] [2]is considered a prophet in Islam. He is also referred to by the title Kalim allah meaning "He who spoke with God." The Qur'an recounts more stories of his life than of any other prophet. It is believed Musa lived up to 120 years old.[3] [4]
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[edit] Early years
In Islam, Moses was born into a family of Israelites living in Egypt. The ruling Pharaoh, on the advice of his soothsayers, ordered the killing of all new-born Israelite males. To protect her son, Moses' mother put him in a basket and set him adrift on the Nile. He was discovered by the Pharaoh's wife, Asiya, who adopted him.
Moses grew up as a member of the Pharaoh's household. However, this changed when in rescuing an Israelite from an abusive Egyptian, he accidentally killed the Egyptian. Due to this incident, Musa was deemed a criminal and was to be punished, but escaped into the desert. After travelling the desert for a long time, he arrived at a place called Midian and came into the company of the prophet Shoaib (Jethro, in Biblical traditions), who recognized Moses as a man of God. Shoaib arranged a marriage between his daughter Safoorah (Zipporah in Biblical and Hebrew tradition) and year after year Moses had worked for him for either eight or ten years.
[edit] God calls Moses
Musa eventually decided to return to Egypt. On his way back, he stopped at Mount Sinai and noticed a fire upon the mountain. When he came to the fire, he heard a voice calling him by name. This voice then commanded Moses to remove his shoes, as he was standing on sacred ground. It is stated in the Qur'an: "Has the story of Moses reached thee? Behold, he saw a fire: So he said to his family, "Tarry ye; I perceive a fire; perhaps I can bring you some burning brand therefrom, or find some guidance at the fire. But when he came to the fire, a voice was heard: 'O Moses! Verily I am thy Lord! therefore (in My presence) put off thy shoes: thou art in the sacred valley Tuwa.'" (Qur'an [Qur'an 20:9])
God ordered Moses to throw his walking stick onto the ground. As a sign to Moses from God the staff was transformed into a snake. Musa became scared, but God ordered Moses to pick it up, as it would change back to its original form. He also ordered him to press his right hand to his left side and it would shine in a bright, white radiant light. Moses admitted that he was afraid of getting arrested on the previous murder charge, and also because he could not speak fluently due to a speech impediment. He prayed to God to grant him fluency of speech, and grant his brother Aaron (Harun in Arabic and Aharoun in Hebrew) the gift of prophecy so that he may help him and be a deputy to him in all his tasks ahead. God granted Moses his requests and told him that he could take his brother along with him, and told him to be gentle in his language and be patient in all his dealings.
Moses thus embarked for Egypt and faced the Pharaoh. Moses and Aaron arrived in the court of the Pharaoh and admonished the Pharaoh by informing him that his claim of godhood was false, for there is but one God who created both the pharaohs and their subjects. He controls all that is in this world and beyond. Moses told the Pharaoh that the only reason for his return was to obtain the release of his people from their bondage in Egypt.
Moses warned the Pharaoh of God's punishment. To intimidate Moses, his magicians threw their rods on the floor which turned into snakes. Moses threw his staff to the floor. It transformed into a serpent and devoured all the wriggling snakes.
Although the magic of the Pharaoh was beaten, he would not relent to the power of God. He defiantly refused to allow Israelites to leave Egypt. As a result, Allah decreed punishments over him and his people. These punishments came in the form of floods that demolished their dwellings, swarms of locust that destroyed the crops, pestilence of lice that made life miserable, toads that croaked and sprang everywhere, plagues, and the turning of all drinking water into blood. Each time the Pharaoh was subjected to humiliation, his defiance became greater. Finally, the first-born sons of all Egyptians started to die for no apparent cause. When the Pharaoh's own beloved son died, he finally gave up his defiance. After the freeing the Israelites, the Pharaoh was angry because of his son's death, and followed them to kill them in revenge. Upon seeing the Pharaoh and his army approaching the Israelites started to run but stopped at the seafront where they could not go any further. Here Moses used his staff to part the ocean that allowed the Israelites to pass through, then the Pharaoh also followed but the ocean closed on him drowning and killing Pharaoh and his entire army.
[edit] The journey through the desert
Moses gathered his people and left Egypt. At the last second, the Pharaoh had a change of heart and began to pursue them. However, he was swallowed by the Red Sea which parted long enough for Musa and his people to cross, but which closed on the Pharaoh. From here, Moses led his people on the Exodus. They eventually reached Mount Sinai. Moses told the people that Aaron was his deputy and was to be the leader while he was gone. Moses then went to climb Mount Sinai.
Moses climbed the mountain, and returned to the spot where he had first received his miracles from God. He took off his shoes as before and went down into subjugation to The Creator. He prayed to God for guidance. He was given the Ten Commandments at this session. Before leaving, he begged God to be revealed to him. God told him that it would not be possible for him to see God, but that God will reveal himself to the mountain stating " Look at the mountain, if it will be still in its place when I reveal myself to it then you will be able to see me". When God revealed himself to the mountain it instantaneously turned into ashes. Moses lost consciousness. When he recovered, he went down in total submission and asked forgiveness of God.
Having thus received the Torah for his people, Moses came down from the mountain and returned to his people. However, he was shocked to find that the Israelites have revolted against his brother Aaron and started worshipping a golden calf fashioned by a person named Alsamiri. Shortly thereafter, the elders asked to see the God of Moses, so he took them up the mountain. While climbing, a white bolt of lightning struck their path, and they all bowed in submission. Musa prayed for their forgiveness, and they returned to camp and set up a tent dedicated to worshipping God as Aaron taught them from the Torah.
They began to travel for the promised land again, but ran out of food. God gave them a gift of food and sweets, but eventually the people tired, and asked for more. Moses got angry with them and admonished them for their thanklessness.
[edit] The promised land, and death
They eventually reached Can'aan, the promised land, but the children of Israel were too scared to fight the pagan, giant, inhabitants. Musa told them that if they did not make war against the inhabitants, they would spend 40 years wandering the desert. But they still refused saying "Go, you and your Lord and fight, indeed here [sitting] we are [waiting]." So they refused to make an effort to win the land God had promised to them, therefore, God's punishment was fulfilled.
[edit] Summary
Moses was born in the fifth year of Pharaoh Merneptah around 1228 B.C. He was miraculously saved from death by Pharaoh edict, to become the adopted son of the Pharaoh's sister and the eldest daughter of Ramesses the Great. His mother raised him to study on the best teachers. He became a powerful statesman second only to the Pharaoh. He was encouraged by his mother to take the throne with the help of his Hebrew tribe, but Moses declined because of his extensive moral teachings. Instead, he had to turn away where he met an Arab Prophet named Shoaib where he learned more about life and morality, then he went in a large tour accompanied by his young assistant Joshua. Moses managed to see remarkable sightseeings not available if he stayed in Egypt such as the meeting of the Red Sea and the Indian Sea (a place Egyptians always fantasized about from the time of Queen Hatshepsut). He spent the rest of his life content as a son in Law of Jethro in the desert. However when he was 70 years old he had an expected meeting with the angel of God (Gabriel) in the Holy valley "Tua" where he received the command to go back to Egypt and invite the Pharaoh to belief because the Pharaoh had become a tyrant according to God' words. Moses appearance in the court of Egypt's Pharaoh after 40 years of absence and scared the Egyptians who saw in him a man of the fabled past of Ramesses the Great ( Moses was his grand son by the secret adoption then). The Pharaoh refused to change his tyranny and instead declared himself as the Living God for the first time in Egyptian History. Temples and statues were built for him while he was still alive and the peoples were ordered to go to these temples and worship him like other Gods' temples in Egypt. He also increased the servitude on the Hebrew tribe as mud-brick makers. In few months of Moses' meetings with the Pharaoh in a push and pull challenges ten plaques hit Egypt and brought a severe depression on the country until finally Pharaoh allowed Moses to take the Hebrew tribe and go from Egypt for good. However news came to the Pharaoh that Moses lost his way in the Sinai and Pharaoh changed his mind thinking that God's favor had left Moses. He ordered the best of Egyptian army to pursue the Hebrews to the dead end at the sea shore. God split the sea for Moses praying and the Israelite crossed the sea in what amount like two great mountains of water on both sides. The Pharaoh used the miracle to deceive his soldiers that it was his God Amon who opened the sea for him so that he can follow the Hebrews and exterminate them. According to the Islamic Hadith Gabriel at that moment of speech made a she horse appear to the horse of the Pharaoh. The Pharoah's horse stampeded towered the imagined horse and the Egyptians seeing the bravery of their God-Pharaoh were encouraged to follow him. Laster all Egyptian army drowned. Gabriel had another trick for Pharaoh for Pharaoh wanted to declare his submission to the God of Moses while he was swimming on view of Moses, Gabriel hailed more mud waved on Pharaoh's face so that he could not have the chance of God's possible forgiveness. Moses spent 40 years with the Hebrews in the desert where more miracles happened. He successfully made military attacks on the Amaliks and other warring factions of the desert . he even ordered the killing of tenth of his people for Blasphemy. He died at the age of 100 or 110 years old and was buried on a red mountain or mound and his grave left unmarked on his orders. Moses was a great Prophet, Statesman, military general, and Law maker. He managed to rescue a tribe that was destined for slavery and punishment under the last Pharaoh's arrangement of what he termed "The Order for the millions of Years to Come" in which he designated the Hebrew in the bottom of seven casts of his empire.
[edit] See also
- Biblical narratives and the Qur'an
- Moses in Judeo-Christian thought
- Moses in rabbinic literature
- Haman (Islam)
- Qur'an
- Harun
- Shoaib
[edit] References
[edit] External links
- The Story of Musa (Moses)
- Prophet Musa (Moses) & Prophet Harun (Aaron)
- Qur'an search results for "Moses" from submission.info
| Prophets of Islam in the Qur'an | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adam | Idris | Nuh | Hud | Saleh | Ibrahim | Lut | Ismail | Is'haq | Yaqub | Yusuf | Ayub |  |
|
| آدم | إدريس | نوح | هود | صالح | إبراهيم | لوط | إسماعيل | اسحاق | يعقوب | يوسف | أيوب | ||
| Adam | Enoch | Noah | Eber | Shelah | Abraham | Lot | Ishmael | Isaac | Jacob | Joseph | Job | ||
|
|
|||||||||||||
| Shoaib | Musa | Harun | Dhul-Kifl | Dawud | Sulayman | Ilyas | Al-Yasa | Yunus | Zakariya | Yahya | Isa | Muhammad | |
| شعيب | موسى | هارون | ذو الكفل | داود | سليمان | إلياس | إليسع | يونس | زكريا | يحيى | عيسى | محمد | |
| Jethro | Moses | Aaron | Ezekiel | David | Solomon | Elijah | Elisha | Jonah | Zechariah | John | Jesus | Paraclete |
|
