Sanok
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| Sanok | |||
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| Motto: Libera Regia Civitas Free Royal City |
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  Sanok
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| Country |  Poland |
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| Voivodeship | Subcarpathian | ||
| County | Sanok County | ||
| Gmina | Sanok (urban gmina) | ||
| Established | before 12th century | ||
| Town rights | 1339 | ||
| Government | |||
| - Mayor | Wojciech Blecharczyk | ||
| Area | |||
| - Total | 38.15 km² (14.7 sq mi) | ||
| Population (2006) | |||
| - Total | 39,481 | ||
| - Density | 1,034.9/km² (2,680.3/sq mi) | ||
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) | ||
| - Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) | ||
| Postal code | 38-500 | ||
| Area code(s) | +48 13 | ||
| Car plates | RSA | ||
| Website: http://www.sanok.pl | |||
Sanok [ˈsanɔk], Latin: Sanocum, German: Saanig, Yiddish: Sonik, Ukrainian: Сянiк, in full The Royal Free City of Sanok, Polish: Królewskie Wolne Miasto Sanok), part of The Land of Sanok (Polish: Ziemia Sanocka, and Ruthenian Voivodeship), is a town in south-eastern Poland with 41,261 inhabitants (2005).
Sanok is situated in the Subcarpathian Voivodship (since 1999); previously, it was in Krosno Voivodship (1975-1998) and in Ruthenian Voivodeship (1340 - 1772), part of the Little Poland Province.
This historic city is situated on San River at the foot of Zamek Hill in Little Poland (Małopolska) region, lies in a wooded, hilly area on the highway (Nr. DK28) from Ustrzyki Dolne to Wadowice (340 km. away).
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[edit] Archeology
Settled in prehistoric times, the south-eastern Poland region that is now Podkarpacie was overrun in pre-Roman times by various tribes, including the Celts, Goths and Vandals (Przeworsk culture and Puchov culture). After the fall of the Roman Empire, of which most of south-eastern Poland was part (all parts below the San), the area was invaded by Hungarians and Slavs.
The region subsequently became part of the Great Moravian state. Upon the invasion of the Hungarian tribes into the heart of the Great Moravian Empire around 899, the Lendians of the area declared their allegiance to Hungarian Empire. The region then became a site of contention between Poland, Kievan Rus and Hungary starting in at least the 9th century.
The first traces of settlement in the area of modern Sanok date back to at least 9th century. The following century a Slavic fortified town was created there and initially served as a center of pagan worship. The etymology of the name is unclear, though most scholars derive it from the Celtic root - San.
[edit] History
In 981 the gord, then inhabited by the Slavic tribe of Lendzians, was made a part of Land of Czerwień. This area was mentioned for the first time in 981, when Volodymyr the Great of Kievan Rus took the area over on the way into Poland. In 1018 it returned to Poland, 1031 back to Rus, in 1340 Casimir III of Poland recovered it.
The gord of Sanok in mentioned first time in Hypatian Codex in 1150. It was given the Magdeburg law by Boleslaus George II of Halych in 1339.
As early at the 17th century, an important trade route went across Sanok connecting the interior of Hungary with Poland through the Lupkov Pass. During World War I, the Russians came to the town on May 1915 and stayed there until May July, leaving the town significantly damaged.
Sanok contains an open air museum in the Biała Góra district, where examples of architecture from all of the region's main ethnic groups have been moved and carefully reassembled in a skansen evoking everyday rural life in the 1800s. Nearby stands Holy Ghost Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church (1786-1947) presently, the tserkva of the orthodox cathedral of the Holy Trinity.
[edit] Economy
It is a strong industry base - home to Stomil [1] (established in 1932) and Pass Gummiwerke plants, producers of various rubber and metal-rubber seals, strings and laggings for automotive sector, construction industries and electrical household goods sector, and Sanok Bus Car Factory " Autosan" [2] (established in 1832), a producer of high capacity buses, cabins for the Polish Army and bodies for rail-vehicles . Stomil and Autosan is a 20 minute walk from the train station in Sanok, while the city centre is a 15 minute walk in the other direction.
[edit] Culture and education
The town has several schools and a branch of the Polish Hight School of Technology. The town also has a football club Stal and some other sport clubs (volleyball, swimming, handball, ice hockey).
[edit] Personalia
Mikołaj Kamieniecki, Jerzy Mniszech, Andrzej Bobola, Meir Shapiro, Shlomo Halberstam, Zygmunt Łempicki, Kazimierz Świtalski, Jacob Avigdor, Stepan Popel, Zdzisław Beksiński, Ryszard Pacławski, Szymon Pawłowski, Zdzisław Peszkowski
[edit] Members of Parliament elected from Sanok constituency, 2007
Piotr Babinetz (PiS), Jan Bury (PiS), Andrzej Ćwierz (PiS), Stanisław Zając (PIS), Marek Kuchciński (PIS), Mieczysław Golba (PIS), Wojciech Pomajda (LiD), Elżbieta Łukacijewska (PO), Tomasz Kulesza (PO), Piotr Tomański (PO), Mieczysław Kasprzak (PSL)
[edit] Demographics
In 1900 the town had 6123 inhabitants, 57% Polish, 30 % Jewish and others. The town had a high percentage of Jews before World War II.
[edit] Populations
In 1589 - 1700, 1883 - 5.181, 1939 - 15.600, 2000 - 41 401 inhabitants.
[edit] External links
[edit] See also
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Seat: Sanok (urban gmina) Urban-rural gmina: Gmina Zagórz Rural gminas: Gmina Besko • Gmina Bukowsko • Gmina Komańcza • Gmina Sanok • Gmina Tyrawa Wołoska • Gmina Zarszyn |
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