List of heads of state of Greece

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This is a list of the heads of state of Greece, from the foundation of the modern nation state until the present.

Contents

[edit] First Hellenic Republic/Governorate (1828-1833)

Governor[1] Picture Life Term of office Comments
Ioannis Kapodistrias 1776-1831 January 24, 1828-
October 9, 1831		 Assassinated in 1831.
Augustinos Kapodistrias 1778-1857 October 9, 1831-
April 9, 1832		 President of the Provisional Government Commission.
Governing Council April 9, 1832-
February 2, 1833		 Collective leadership pending the establishment of a stable government.

[edit] Kingdom of Greece (1833-1924)

[edit] House of Wittelsbach (1832-1862)

King[2] Picture Life Term of office Comments
Otto 1815-1867 6 February 1833-
23 October 1862		 Until June 13, 1835 with a regency council[3], deposed in 1862.
Regency council October 23, 1862-
30 March 1863		 Collective regency pending the election of a new king.

[edit] House of Sonderburg-Glücksburg (1863-1924)

King[4] Picture Life Term of office Comments
George I 1845-1913 30 March 1863-
18 March 1913		 Assassinated in 1913.
Constantine I 1868-1923 18 March 1913-
11 June 1917		 Went into exile and abdicated in 1917 in favour of his second son Alexander.
Alexander 1893-1920 11 June 1917-
25 October 1920		 Died in office.

After the death of Alexander the succession proved problematic, as the Venizelist government at first favoured Alexander's younger brother Paul. As Paul refused to pass by his father Constantine and his elder brother George, the government favoured a republican government and established a regency pending a decision on the matter.

Regent Picture Life Term of office Comments
Admiral
Pavlos Kountouriotis		 1855-1935 25 October 1920-
17 November 1920		 Resigned after the electoral defeat of the Venizelists.
Queen Mother
Olga		 1851-1926 17 November 1920-
19 December 1920

The new government held a plebiscite, which resulted in an overwhelming majority for the return of King Constantine I.

King[4] Picture Life Term of office Comments
Constantine I 1868-1923 19 December 1920-
27 September 1922		 Abdicated again in 1922
after the Asia Minor Disaster.
George II 1890-1947 27 September 1922-
25 March 1924		 Exiled on 19 December 1923, deposed on 25 March 1924.

[edit] Second Hellenic Republic (1924-1935)

President Picture Life Term of office Comments
Admiral
Pavlos Kountouriotis		 1855-1935 March 25, 1924-
March 15, 1926		 Elected by Parliament,
resigned over General Pangalos' dictatorship.
General
Theodoros Pangalos		 1855-1936 March 15, 1926-
August 24, 1926		 Military dictator,
self-appointed President,
overthrown by minister Georgios Kondylis.
Admiral
Pavlos Kountouriotis		 1855-1935 August 24, 1926-
December 9, 1929		 Restored to office by Kondylis, re-elected in 1929,
resigned due to ill health.
Alexandros Zaimis 1855-1936 December 9, 1929-
October 10, 1935		 Overthrown by military revolt.

[edit] Kingdom of Greece (1935-1973)

Regent Picture Life Term of office Comments
Georgios Kondylis 1855-1936 October 10, 1935-
November 25, 1935		 Appointed himself Regent pending the return of King George II.

[edit] House of Sonderburg-Glücksburg (1935-1973)

King[4] Picture Life Term of office Comments
George II 1890-1947 3 November 1935-
1 April 1947		 Died childless and was succeeded by his younger brother Paul.
Paul 1901-1964 1 April 1947-
6 March 1964
Constantine II align="center" 1940- 6 March 1964-
1 June 1973		 Went into exile on 13 December 1967 after a failed counter-coup against the military regime ruling since 21 April 1967.

[edit] Military Dictatorship (1967-1974)

The regime of the colonels was established in a military coup led by Colonel Georgios Papadopoulos on 21 April 1967. When King Constantine II went into exile on 13 December, his constitutional role was assumed by regents appointed by the military junta.

Regent Picture Life Term of office Comments
General
Georgios Zoitakis		 1910-1996 December 13, 1967-
March 21, 1972
Colonel
Georgios Papadopoulos		 1919-1999 March 21, 1972-
June 1, 1973

On 1 June 1973 the junta abolished the monarchy and replaced it with a presidential republic.

President Picture Life Term of office Comments
Colonel
Georgios Papadopoulos		 1919-1999 June 1, 1973-
November 25, 1973
General
Phaedon Gizikis		 1917-1999 November 25, 1973-
December 18, 1974		 appointed after a coup led by Brigadier Dimitrios Ioannides,
remained transitional President after the fall of the regime.

[edit] Third Hellenic Republic (since 1974)

In 1974, the military junta was overthrown and democracy restored. A second referendum, held on 8 December 1974, confirmed the abolition of the monarchy and the establishment of the current parliamentary republic, with the President of the Republic as the head of state.

President Picture Life Term of office Comments
Michail Stasinopoulos
(New Democracy)		 1903-2002 December 18, 1974-
June 19, 1975		 Interim President
Constantine Tsatsos
(New Democracy)		 1899-1987 June 19, 1975-
May 15, 1980
Constantine Karamanlis
(New Democracy)		 1907-1998 May 15, 1980-
March 10, 1985		 1st term.
Ioannis Alevras
(PASOK)		 1912-1995 March 10, 1985-
March 30, 1985		 Acting President as Speaker of Parliament
Christos Sartzetakis 1929- March 30, 1985-
May 4, 1990
Constantine Karamanlis
(New Democracy)		 1907-1998 May 4, 1990-
March 10, 1995		 2nd term.
Konstantinos Stephanopoulos
(New Democracy)		 1926- March 10, 1995-
March 12, 2005
Karolos Papoulias
(PASOK)		 1929- March 12, 2005-

[edit] Notes

  1. ^ Greek: Κυβερνήτης.
  2. ^ The formal title was "King of Greece", Greek: Βασιλεύς της Ελλάδος.
  3. ^ The regency council consisted of ministers Josef Ludwig von Armansperg, Karl von Abel and Georg Ludwig von Maurer.
  4. ^ a b c The formal title was "King of the Hellenes", Greek: Βασιλεύς των Ελλήνων.

[edit] External links

v • d • e
Heads of State of Europe
1 Partially or entirely in Asia, depending on the definition of the border between Europe and Asia.
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