{{Infobox_Biography | subject_name = Heinrich Paulus | image_name = Heinrich Paulus.jpg| image_caption = Heinrich Paulus. | date_of_birth = 1_September 1761 | place_of_birth = Leonberg, Kingdom_of_Prussia | dead=dead | date_of_death = 10_August, 1851 | place_of_death = Heidelberg, Prussia }} '''Heinrich Eberhard Gottlob Paulus''' (born 1_September 1761, died 10_August 1851) was a German theologian and critic of the Christian_bible. He is known as a rationalist who offered natural explanations for the biblical Miracles_of_Jesus. Paulus was a professor of theology and oriental languages at the University_of_Jena (1789-1803), then professor at the University_of_Würzburg (1803-1807). He spent time in Bamberg, Nürnberg and Ansbach before becoming professor of exegesis and church history at the University_of_Heidelberg (1811-44), where he was instrumental in hiring Hegel in 1816. His theological rationalism greatly influenced Hegel's own theology. As a Lutheran in the Age_of_Enlightenment, he firmly believed in the autonomy of the individual and freedom of the individual (through reason) from the dogma of the church. Charges of Anti-semitism have been levelled at Paulus for his advocacy of assimilation of Jewish people into German culture. In his published pamphlet "The Jewish National Separation: Its Origin, Consequences, and the Means of its Correction." he argued that "Jews were a nation apart, and would remain so as long as they were committed to their religion, whose basic intent and purpose were to preserve them in that condition. In a country that was not their own, therefore, Jews could not claim more than the bare protection of their lives and possessions. They might certainly not claim political equality."http://pnews.org/art/1art/MOSEShess.shtml ==Published works== *1802, ''Philologisch-kritischer und historischer Kommentar über das neue Testament'' (Philological criticism and historical commentary on the New Testament) *1828, ''Das Leben Jesu als Grundlage einer reinen Geschichte des Urchristentums'' (The life of Jesus as the basis of a purely historical account of early Christianity; 2 vols.) ==See also== *Deism *David_Friedrich_Strauss *Swoon_hypothesis ("Scheintod" (apparent death) in Paulus' words) ==External links== *List of works by and about Paulus (in German) Paulus, Heinrich Paulus, Heinrich Paulus, Heinrich Paulus, Heinrich Paulus, Heinrich De:Heinrich_Eberhard_Gottlob_Paulus Es:Heinrich_Eberhard_Gottlob_Paulus Fr:Heinrich_Eberhard_Gottlob_Paulus