List of Byzantine Emperors
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Emperor of the Byzantine Empire | ||
|---|---|---|
 Coat of arms of late Byzantine Empire |
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| Coin showing the face of Constantine I | ||
| First emperor | Constantine I | |
| Last emperor | Constantine XI | |
| Emperorship started | 306 | |
| Emperorship ended | 1453 | |
This is a list of the Emperors of the Eastern Roman Empire, commonly known as the Byzantine Empire by modern historians. This list does not include numerous co-emperors who never attained sole or senior status as rulers.
This list begins with Constantine I the Great, the first Christian emperor reigning from Constantinople. Diocletian before him had ruled from Nicomedia and replaced the republican trappings of the office with a straightforward autocracy. All Byzantine Emperors regarded themselves as Roman Emperors.[1]
The Emperor Heraclius (610–41) replaced Latin with Greek as the language of the army and began the administrative restructuring of the Empire into themata. Although Greek had long been the dominant language in the Eastern Roman Empire this change represented a formal rejection of the Latin language and many aspects of traditional Roman culture. Indeed after 800 AD the Pope and later the Franks would reject the Roman Imperial authority of Constantinople partially on this basis.
The title of all Emperors listed preceding Heraclius was officially Augustus, although various other titles such as Dominus were used as well. For official purposes, their names were preceded by Imperator Caesar and followed by Augustus. Following Heraclius, the title commonly became the Greek Basileus (Gr. Βασιλεύς), which had formerly meant generally "king", "sovereign" but now was used in place of Imperator. Kings were now titled by the neologism Regas (Gr. Ρήγας, from the Lat. "Rex") or by another generic term Archon (Gr. Άρχων, "ruler"). Autokrator (Gr. Αυτοκράτωρ) was also frequently used, along with a plethora of more hyperbolic titles including Kosmokrator (Gr. Κοσμοκράτωρ) ("Master of the World") and "Chronokrator" (Gr. Χρονοκράτωρ) ("Master of Time"). In the later centuries of the Empire, the emperor could be often referred to by Western Christians as the "Emperor of the Greeks", though they still considered themselves "Roman" Emperors.
[edit] Constantinian dynasty (306–363)
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Constantine I "the Great" (Gaius Flavius Valerius Aurelius Constantinus) |
son of the Augustus Constantius Chlorus | 27 February c.280 | 25 July 306 Proclaimed "Augustus" upon the death of Constantius Chlorus |
22 May 337 | |
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Constantius II (Flavius Iulius Constantius) |
second son of Constantine I | 7 August 317 | 22 May 337 Inherited Eastern third of Roman Empire upon his father's death |
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-CNG.jpg) |
Julian "the Apostate" (Flavius Claudius Iulianus) |
grandson of Constantius Chlorus, cousin of Constantius II | May 332 | 5 October 361 Proclaimed by his army in Gaul, became legitimate Emperor upon the death of Constantius |
28 June 363 Mortally wounded in battle |
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[edit] Non-dynastic (363–364)
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Jovian ( Flavius Claudius Iovianus ) |
Guards' Captain amongst Julian's Eastern forces | c.332 | 28 June 363 Elected by the army upon Julian's death |
17 February 364 Died on journey back to Constantinople |
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[edit] Valentinian-Theodosian dynasty (364–457)
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Valentinian I (Flavius Valentinianus) |
Officer under Julian and Jovian | 321 | 26 February 364 Elected by the army upon Jovian's death |
align="center" colspan=2–17 November 375 Died of cerebral haemorrhage |
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Valens ( Flavius Iulius Valens ) |
Minor soldier of the Roman army, brother of Valentinian I | 328 | 28 March 364 Appointed by his brother |
align="center" colspan=2–9 August 378 Killed at the Battle of Adrianople |
|
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Gratian ( Flavius Gratianus ) |
Son of Valentinian I, nephew of Valens | 18 April/23 May 359 | 9 August 378 Inherited rule of the East upon the death of Valens |
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Theodosius I ( Flavius Theodosius ) |
Aristocrat and military leader, brother-in-law of Gratian | 11 January 347 | 19 January 379 Appointed by Gratian |
align="center" colspan=2–17 January 395 old age |
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Arcadius ( Flavius Arcadius ) |
Son of Theodosius I | 377/378 | 17 January 395 Upon the death of Theodosius I |
align="center" colspan=2–1 May 408 | |
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Theodosius II ( Flavius Theodosius ) |
Son of Arcadius | 10 April 401 | 1 May 408 Upon the death of Arcadius |
align="center" colspan=2–28 July 450 Riding accident |
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Pulcheria ( Aelia Pulcheria ) |
Daughter of Arcadius, sister of Theodosius II | 19 January 399 | 28 July 450 Upon the death of Theodosius II |
July 453 | |
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Marcian ( Flavius Marcianus ) |
Soldier, politician, husband of Pulcheria | 396 | 450 Upon his marriage to Pulcheria |
January 457 Gangrene contracted on a journey |
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[edit] Leonid dynasty (457–518)
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Leo I "the Thracian" (Flavius Valerius Leo ) |
Soldier | 401 | 7 February 457 Chosen by Aspar, commander-in-chief of the army |
18 January 474 Died of dysentery |
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-coin.jpg) |
Leo II ( Flavius Leo ) |
Grandson of Leo I | 467 | 18 January 474 Succeeded his grandfather Leo I |
17 November 474 Died of an unknown disease, possibly poisoned |
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Zeno ( Flavius Zeno ) (Born Tarasicodissa) |
Roman general of Isaurian origins; son-in-law of Leo I, father of Leo II | c.425 | Co-emperor: 9 February 474 Appointed by his son Leo II Sole Emperor: 17 November 474 Succeeded upon the death of Leo II |
9 January 475 Deposed by Basiliscus, brother-in-law of Leo I |
9 April 491 |
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Basiliscus ( Flavius Basiliscus ) |
Army General; brother-in-law of Leo I | 9 January 475 Seized power from Zeno |
August 476 Deposed by Zeno |
476/477 | |
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Zeno, restored ( Flavius Zeno ) (Born Tarasicodissa) |
Roman general of Isaurian origins; son-in-law of Leo I, father of Leo II | c.425 | restored August 476 Having deposed Basiliscus |
9 April 491 | |
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Anastasius I ( Flavius Anastasius ) |
Palace official ("Silentiarius"); son-in-law of Leo I | c.430 | 11 April 491 Chosen by Ariadne, widow of Zeno |
9 July 518 | |
[edit] Justinian dynasty (518–602)
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Justin I (Flavius Iustinus ) |
General, commander of the City Guards under Anastasius I | c.450 | July 518 Elected by army and people upon the death of Anastasius I |
1 August 527 | |
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Justinian I (Flavius Petrus Sabbatius Iustinianus) |
Nephew and heir of Justin I | 482/483 | 1 August 527 Inherited the throne on the death of Justin I |
13/14 November 565 | |
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Justin II (Flavius Iustinus Iunior) |
Nephew and heir of Justinian I | c.520 | 14 November 565 Inherited the throne on the death of Justinian I |
5 October 578 | |
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Tiberius II Constantine (Flavius Tiberius Constantinus) |
"Comes" of the Excubitors, friend and adoptive son of Justin II | c.520 | 5 October 578 Became full Emperor on the death of Justin II |
14 August 582 possibly poisoned by Maurice |
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Maurice (Flavius Mauricius Tiberius) |
Commander-in-chief of Cappadocian origins; son-in-law of Tiberius II | 539 | 14 August 582 Succeeded upon the death of his father-in-law Tiberius II |
November 602 Forced to abdicate by Phocas |
27 November 602 Executed by Phocas |
[edit] Non-dynastic (602–610)
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Phocas (Flavius Phocas ) |
sub-altern in the Balkan army, leader of rebellion; deposed Maurice | ? | November 602 Seized power in a rebellion against Maurice |
610 Executed by Heraclius |
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[edit] Heraclian dynasty (610–711)
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Herakleios (Ηράκλειος, Hērakleios) Heraclius (Flavius Heraclius) |
son of Exarch Heraclius the Elder; deposed Phocas | c.575 | 5 October 610 Seized power in a rebellion against Phocas |
11 February 641 | |
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Constantine III (Ηράκλειος (νέος) Κωνσταντίνος, Herakleios Novos Kōnstantinos) Constantine III ( Heraclius Novus Constantinus ) |
eldest son of Herakleios | 3 May 612 | 11 February 641 Succeeded to throne with Heraklonas following death of Herakleios |
24–26 May 641 Tuberculosis, allegedly poisoned by Martina |
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Heraklonas (Κωνσταντίνος Ηράκλειος, Kōnstantinos Herakleios) Heraclianus (Constantinus Heraclius) |
younger son of Herakleios | 626 | 11 February 641 Succeeded to throne with Constantine III following death of Herakleios |
September 641 Deposed by Senate |
c.641 Presumed to have died in exile |
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Constans II (Κώνστας Β', Kōnstas II); born Herakleios Constantine (Ηράκλειος Κωνσταντίνος, Herakleios Kōnstantinos ); called "Constantine the Bearded" (Κωνσταντίνος Πωγωνάτος, Kōnstantinos Pogonatos) Constans II (Constantus II); born Heraclius Constantine ( Heraclius Constantinus ); called "Constantine the Bearded" |
son of Constantine III | ||||
| Mezezius | Usurper Emperor | Unknown | 668 | 669 | ||
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Constantine IV (Κωνσταντίνος, Kōnstantinos) Constantine (Constantinos) |
son of Constans II | 652 | 15 September 668 succeeded following murder of Constans II |
September 685 Died of dysentery |
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Justinian II | son of Constantine IV | 669 | Co-emperor in 681, sole emperor in 685. | 695 Deposed by military revolt |
December 711 |
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Leontios | Usurper Emperor | Unknown | 695 | 698 Deposed by military revolt |
705 |
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Tiberios III | Usurper Emperor | Unknown | 698 | 705 Deposed by a Bulgarian-supported revolt |
705 |
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Justinian II | son of Constantine IV | 669 | 705 | 711 Deposed by military revolt |
December 711 |
[edit] Non-dynastic (711–717)
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Philippikos | A general of Armenian origins; deposed Justinian II | Unknown | December, 711 | 3 June, 713 Deposed by a military revolt |
Later in the 8th century |
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Anastasios II | a burecraut, imperial secretary for Philippikos | Unknown | June, 713 | November, 715 Deposed by a military revolt |
718 |
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Theodosios III | a financial officer, tax collector in the Opsikian Theme | Unknown | May, 715 | 25 March, 717 Deposed by a military revolt |
Later in the 8th century |
[edit] Isaurian dynasty (717–802)
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Leo III the Isaurian | a general from Germanikeia, Commagene | c. 685 | 25 March, 717 | 18 June, 741 | 18 June, 741 |
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Constantine V | Son of Leo III | July, 718 | Co-ruler in 720, senior ruler in 741 | 14 September, 775 | 14 September, 775 |
| Artabasdos | Son-in-law of Leo III, brother-in-law of Constantine V | Unknown | Rival emperor from June 741/2 | 2 November, 743 | Later in the 8th century | |
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Leo IV the Khazar | Son of Constantine V | 25 January, 750 | Co-ruler in 751, senior ruler in 775 | 8 September, 780 | 8 September, 780 |
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Constantine VI | Son of Leo IV and Irene | 771 | Co-ruler in 776, sole emperor in 780 | August, 797 | c. 797, though sources are contradictory on the subject |
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Irene of Athens | Wife of Leo IV, mother of Constantine VI | c. 752 | August, 797 | 31 October, 802 | 9 August, 803 |
[edit] Nikephoros’ dynasty (802–813)
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Nikephoros I | logothetēs tou genikou (finance minister) | Unknown | 31 October, 802 | 26 July, 811 | 26 July, 811 |
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Staurakios | Son of Nikephoros I | Unknown | Co-ruler in 803, senior ruler in 811 | 2 October, 811 | 11 January, 812 |
.jpg) |
Michael I Rangabe | Son-in-law of Nikephoros I, brother-in-law of Staurakios | Unknown | 2 October, 811 | 11 July, 813 | 11 January, 844 |
[edit] Non-dynastic (813–820)
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Leo V the Armenian | Strategos of the Anatolic theme | c. 775 | 11 July, 813 | 25 December, 820 | 25 December, 820 |
[edit] Phrygian dynasty (820–867)
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Michael II the Stammerer or the Amorian (Μιχαήλ Β' ο Τραυλός ή Ψελλός) | Strategos, son-in-law of Constantine VI | 770 | 25 December 820 |
2 October 829 | |
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Theophilus (Θεόφιλος) | son of Michael II | 813 | 2 October 829 |
align="center" colspan=2–20 January 842 | |
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Theodora (Θεοδώρα) | wife of Theophilus | c. 815 | 842 |
855 | 867 |
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Michael III the Drunkard (Μιχαήλ Γ' ο Μέθυσος) | son of Theophilos | 19 January 840 | 842 |
align="center" colspan=2–23 September 867 | |
[edit] Macedonian dynasty (867–1056)
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Basil I the Macedonian (Βασίλειος Α') | married Michael III's widow | c. 811 | 867 |
2 August 886 | |
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Leo VI (Λέων ΣΤ' ο Σοφός) | likely either son of Basil I or Michael III | 19 September 866 | 886 |
11 May 912 | |
| Alexander III (Αλέξανδρος Γ' του Βυζαντίου) | son of Basil I; regent for nephew | 870 | 912 |
913 | ||
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Constantine VII Porphyrogennetos (Κωνσταντίνος Ζ' ο Πορφυρογέννητος) | son of Leo VI | 9 September 905 | 15 May 908 |
9 November 959 | |
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Romanos I Lekapenos (Ρωμανός Α' ο Λεκαπηνός) | father-in-law of Constantine VII | c. 870 | 17 December 920 |
16 December 944 | 15 June 948 |
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Romanos II (Ρωμανός Β' ο Πορφυρογέννητος) | son of Constantine VII | 15 March 938 | November 959 |
15 March 963 | |
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Nikephoros II Phokas (Νικηφόρος Β' Φωκάς) | married Theophano, Romanos II's widow, regent for Basil II | c. 912 | 16 August 963 |
969 | |
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John I Tzimiskes (Ιωάννης Α' Κουρκούας ο Τσιμισκής) | brother-in-law of Romanus II | c. 925 | 11 December 969 |
10 January 976 | |
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Basil II the Bulgar-Slayer (Βασίλειος Β' ο Βουλγαροκτόνος) | son of Romanos II | 958 | 10 January 976 |
15 December 1025 | |
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Constantine VIII (Κωνσταντίνος Η') | son of Romanos II | 960 | 15 December 1025 |
15 November 1028 | |
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Zoe (Ζωή) | daughter of Constantine VIII | c. 978 | 15 November 1028 |
June 1050 | |
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Romanos III Argyros (Ρωμανός Γ' ο Αργυρός) | Zoe's first husband | 968 | 15 November 1028 |
11 April 1034 | |
| Michael IV (Μιχαήλ Δ' ο Παφλαγών) | Zoe's second husband | 1010 | 11 April 1034 |
10 December 1041 | ||
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Michael V (Μιχαήλ Ε' ο Καλαφάτης) | Michael IV's nephew | 1015 | 10 December 1041 |
20 April 1042 | 24 August 1042 |
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Theodora (Θεοδώρα) | daughter of Constantine VIII | 984 | 20 April 1042 |
1042 | after 31 August 1056 |
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Constantine IX (Κωνσταντίνος Θ' ο Μονομάχος) | Zoe's third husband | c. 1000 | 11 June 1042 |
11 January 1055 | |
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Theodora (Θεοδώρα) | daughter of Constantine VIII | 984 | 11 January 1055 |
after 31 August 1056 | |
[edit] Non-dynastic (1056–1057)
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Michael VI | Court burecraut, defence minister | Unknown | September, 1056 | 31 August, 1057 | c. 1059 |
[edit] Komnenid dynasty (1057–1059)
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Isaac I Komnenos | commander of the field army in Anatolia | c. 1005 | 5 June, 1057 as rival emperor, sole emperor since 31 August, 1057 | 22 November, 1059 | c. 1061 |
[edit] Doukid dynasty (1059–1081)
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Constantine X Doukas (Κωνσταντίνος Ι' ο Δούκας) | 1006 | 24 November 1059 |
22 May 1067 |- |  |
Michael VII Doukas Quarter-short (Μιχαήλ Ζ' Δούκας Παραπινάκης) | son of Constantine X | 1050 | 22 May 1067 |
24 March 1078 | 1090 | ||
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Romanos IV Diogenes (Ρωμανός Δ' Διογένης) | married Eudokia Makrembolitissa, Constantine X's widow | 1032 | 1067 |
1071 | 1072 | |||||||
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Nikephoros III Botaneiates (Νικηφόρος Γ' Βοτανειάτης) | Strategos claiming descent from the Fabii | 1001 | 31 March 1078 |
10 December 1081 | ||||||||
[edit] Komnenid dynasty (1081–1185)
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Alexios I Komnenos (Αλέξιος Α' Κομνηνός) | Nephew of Isaac I, military commander | 1048 | 4 April 1081 |
15 August 1118 | |
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John II Komnenos (Ιωάννης Β' Κομνηνός o Καλός) | son of Alexios I | 13 September 1087 | 1118 | 8 April 1143 | |
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Manuel I Komnenos (Μανουήλ Α' Κομνηνός ο Μέγας) | son of John II | 28 November 1118 | 1143 | 24 September 1180 | |
| Alexios II Komnenos (Αλέξιος B' Κομνηνός) | son of Manuel I | 14 September 1169 | 1180 | October 1183 | ||
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Andronikos I Komnenos (Ανδρόνικος Α' Κομνηνός) | nephew of John II | c. 1118 | 1183 | 2 September 1185 | |
[edit] Angelid dynasty (1185–1204)
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Isaac II Angelos (Ισαάκιος Β' Άγγελος) | great-grandson of Alexios I | September 1156 | 1185 |
1195 | January 1205 |
| Alexios III Angelos (Αλέξιος Γ' Άγγελος) | brother of Isaac II | 1153 | 1195 |
1203 | 1211 | |
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Isaac II Angelos (Ισαάκιος Β' Άγγελος) | great-grandson of Alexios I | September 1156 | 1203 |
1204 | January 1205 |
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Alexios IV Angelos (Αλέξιος Δ' Άγγελος) | son of Isaac II | 1182 | 1203 | 1204 | |
| Nikolaos Kanabos | 25 January 1204 | 5 February 1205 | ||||
| Alexios V Doukas (Αλέξιος Ε' Δούκας) | son-in-law of Alexios III | 1140 | 5 February 1204 | 12 April 1204 | December 1205 | |
[edit] Laskarid dynasty (Empire of Nicaea, 1204–1261)
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Constantine Laskaris | Defender of Constantinople | Unknown | Claimant emperor in 1204 | c. 1205 | c. 1205 | |
| Theodore I Laskaris | Brother of Constantine Laskaris, son-in-law of Alexios III | c. 1174 | proclaimed 1205, crowned 1208 | 1221 | 1221 | |
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John III Doukas Vatatzes | son-in-law of Theodore I | c. 1192 | December, 1221 | 3 November, 1254 | 3 November, 1254 |
| Theodore II Laskaris | son of John III, grandson of Theodore I | 1221/1222 | proclaimed 4 November, 1254, crowned 1255 | 18 August, 1258 | 18 August, 1258 | |
| John IV Laskaris | son of Theodore II | 25 December, 1250 | 18 August, 1258 | 25 December, 1261 | c. 1305 |
[edit] Palaiologan Dynasty (restored to Constantinople, 1259–1453)
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Michael VIII Palaiologos | Great-grandson of Alexios III, grandnephew of John III by marriage | 1223 | 1 January, 1259 as co-emperor, senior emperor since 25 December, 1261 | 11 December, 1282 | 11 December, 1282 |
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Andronikos II Palaiologos | Son of Michael VIII | 25 March, 1259 | nominal co-emperor in September, 1261, crowned in 1272. Senior emperor on 11 December, 1282 | 24 May, 1328 | 13 February, 1332 |
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Michael IX Palaiologos | Son of Andronikos II | 17 April, 1277 | co-emperor in 1281, crowned in 1294/1295. | 12 October, 1320 | 12 October, 1320 |
| Andronikos III Palaiologos | Son of Michael IX | 25 March, 1297 | co-emperor in 1316, rival emperor since July, 1321. Senior emperor on 24 May, 1328. | 15 June, 1341 | 15 June, 1341 | |
| John V Palaiologos | Son of Andronikos III | 18 June, 1332 | Emperor in 15 June, 1341 | 8 February, 1347 | 16 February, 1391 | |
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John VI Kantakouzenos | A maternal relative of the Palaiologoi | c. 1292 | rival emperor on 26 October, 1341, senior emperor on 8 February, 1347. | 4 December, 1354 | 15 June, 1383 |
| Matthew Kantakouzenos | Son of John V, brother-in-law of John V | c. 1325 | co-emperor on 15 April, 1353, rival emperor since 4 December, 1354. | December, 1357 | between 1383 and 1391 | |
| John V Palaiologos | Son of Andronikos III, son-in-law of John VI | 18 June, 1332 | co-emperor in 1347, rival emperor in 1352. Senior Emperor on 4 December, 1354 | 12 August, 1376 | 16 February, 1391 | |
| Andronikos IV Palaiologos | Son of John V, grandson of John VI | 2 April, 1348 | co-emperor c. 1352, Senior Emperor on 12 August, 1376 | 1 July, 1379 | 28 June, 1385 | |
| John V Palaiologos | Son of Andronikos III, son-in-law of John VI | 18 June, 1332 | Senior Emperor on 1 July, 1379 | 14 April, 1390 | 16 February, 1391 | |
| John VII Palaiologos | Son of Andronikos IV | 1370 | Co-emperor from 1376 to 1379, senior emperor on 14 April, 1390. | 17 September, 1390 | 22 September, 1408 | |
| John V Palaiologos | Son of Andronikos III, son-in-law of John VI | 18 June, 1332 | Senior Emperor on 17 September, 1390 | 16 February, 1391 | 16 February, 1391 | |
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Manuel II Palaiologos | Son of John V, grandson of John VI, brother of Andronikos IV | 27 June, 1350 | Co-emperor in 1373, Senior Emperor on 16 February, 1391 | 21 July, 1425 | 21 July, 1425 |
| Andronikos V Palaiologos | Son of John VII | c. 1400 | co-emperor c. 1403 | c. 1407 | c. 1407 | |
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John VIII Palaiologos | Son of Manuel II | 18 December, 1392 | Co-emperor c. 1416, sole emperor on 21 July, 1425 | 31 October, 1448 | 31 October, 1448 |
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Constantine XI | Son of Manuel II, brother of John VIII | 8 February, 1405 | 6 January, 1449 | 29 May, 1453 | 29 May, 1453 |
[edit] Palaiologan Dynasty (claimants in exile)
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demetrios Palaiologos | Son of Manuel II, brother of John VIII and Constantine XI | c. 1407 | 1453 | 1460 | 1470 | |
| Thomas Palaiologos | Son of Manuel II, brother of John VIII and Constantine XI | c. 1409 | 1453 | 12 May, 1465 | 12 May, 1465 | |
| Andreas Palaiologos | Son of Thomas | c. 1453 | 12 May, 1465 | 1502 | 1502 |
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ Hooker, Richard. "The Byzantine Empire." Middle Ages. World Cultures. 4 June 2007.
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| see also: List of Roman Emperors · Concise list of Roman Emperors · Roman Empire | ||||||||||||||||
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