1880
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| Centuries: | 18th century - 19th century - 20th century |
| Decades: | 1850s 1860s 1870s - 1880s - 1890s 1900s 1910s |
| Years: | 1877 1878 1879 - 1880 - 1881 1882 1883 |
| 1880 in topic: |
| Subjects: Archaeology - Architecture - |
| Art - Literature (Poetry) - Music - Science |
| Sports - Rail Transport |
| Countries: Australia - Canada - France - Germany - Ireland - Mexico - New Zealand - Norway - South Africa - UK - USA |
| Leaders: State leaders - Colonial governors |
| Category: Establishments - Disestablishments |
| Births - Deaths - Works |
Year 1880 (MDCCCLXXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar).
Contents |
[edit] Events of 1880
[edit] January - March
- February 2 - The first electric streetlight is installed in Wabash, Indiana.
- March 31 - Wabash, Indiana becomes the first electrically lit city in the world.
[edit] April - July
- April 18 - William Ewart Gladstone defeats Benjamin Disraeli in the United Kingdom general election to become Prime Minister for the second time.[1]
- May 13 - In Menlo Park, New Jersey, Thomas Edison performs the first test of his electric railway.
- June 29 - France annexes Tahiti.
- July 22 - Abdur Rahman Khan becomes Emir of Afghanistan.
[edit] October - December
- October - The "Blizzard of 1880" begins in North America.
- October 6 - The University of Southern California opens its doors to 53 students and 10 faculty.
- October 15 - Mexican soldiers kill Victorio, one of the greatest Apache military strategists.
- October 28 - The first stone is laid for the Clarkson Memorial in Wisbech.
- November - U.S. presidential election, 1880: James Garfield defeats Winfield S. Hancock.
- November 4 - The first cash register is patented by James and John Ritty of Dayton, Ohio.
- November 11 - Australian bushranger and bank robber Ned Kelly is hanged in Melbourne.
- November 22 - Vaudeville actress Lillian Russell makes her debut at Tony Pastor's Theatre in New York City.
- December 20 - First Boer War: The Action at Bronkhorstspruit results in a Boer victory over the British.
- December 30 - The Transvaal becomes a republic and Paul Kruger becomes its first president.
[edit] Undated
- Piezoelectricity is discovered by Pierre Curie and Jacques Curie.
- Cologne Cathedral is completed.
- The journal Science is founded by Thomas Edison.
- Cocaine is isolated.
- The Capuchin catacombs of Palermo are officially closed (there will be some burials afterwards).
- The Department of Scientific Temperance Instruction of the Women's Christian Temperance Union is established.
- 4 million Jews of Europe's 7 million live in the Russian Empire.
- Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza signs a treaty of protection with the chief on the large Teke tribe and begins to establish a French protectorate on the north bank of the Congo River.
- More than 100,000 Chinese men and 3,000 Chinese women are living in the western USA.
[edit] Ongoing
- Aceh War (1873-1904)
- War of the Pacific (1879-1884)
[edit] Births
| Gregorian calendar | 1880 MDCCCLXXX |
| Ab urbe condita | 2633 |
| Armenian calendar | 1329 ԹՎ ՌՅԻԹ |
| Bahá'í calendar | 36 – 37 |
| Berber calendar | 2830 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2424 |
| Burmese calendar | 1242 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7388 – 7389 |
| Chinese calendar | 己卯年十一月二十日 (4516/4576-11-20) — to —
庚辰年十二月初一日(4517/4577-12-1) |
| Coptic calendar | 1596 – 1597 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1872 – 1873 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5640 – 5641 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1935 – 1936 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1802 – 1803 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4981 – 4982 |
| Holocene calendar | 11880 |
| Iranian calendar | 1258 – 1259 |
| Islamic calendar | 1297 – 1298 |
| Japanese calendar | Meiji 13 (明治13年) |
| Korean calendar | 4213 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2423 |
[edit] January - June
- January 6 - Tom Mix, American actor (d. 1940)
- January 11 - Rudolph Palm, Curacao born composer (d. 1950)
- January 17 - Mack Sennett, Canadian director and producer (d. 1960)
- January 26 - Douglas MacArthur, American general (d. 1964)
- January 28 - Herbert Strudwick, English cricketer (d. 1970)
- January 29 - W.C. Fields, American actor (d. 1946)
- February 5 - Gabriel Voisin, French aviation pioneer (d. 1973)
- February 8 - Franz Marc, German artist (d. 1916)
- February 12
- George Preca, 1st Maltese saint (d. 1962)
- John L. Lewis, American labor union leader (d. 1969)
- February 16 - Frank Burke, American baseball player (d. 1946)
- February 21 - Waldemar Bonsels, German writer (d. 1952)
- February 22 - Frigyes Riesz, Hungarian mathematician (d. 1956)
- March 1 - Giles Lytton Strachey, British writer and biographer (d. 1932)
- March 4 - Channing Pollock (writer), American playwright and critic (d. 1946)
- March 10 - Bronco Billy Anderson, American actor (d. 1971)
- March 11 - Harry H. Laughlin, American eugenicist (d. 1943)
- March 22 - Kuniaki Koiso, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1950)
- March 23 - Heikki Ritavuori, Finnish Minister of the Interior (d. 1922)
- March 30 - Sean O'Casey, Irish writer (d. 1964)
- April 13 - Charles Christie, Canadian-born film studio owner (d. 1955)
- April 15 - Max Wertheimer, father of Gestalt Theory (d. 1943)
- April 18 - Sam Crawford, Baseball Hall of Famer (d. 1968)
- May 6 - Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, German painter (d. 1938)
- May 14 - B.C. Forbes, Scottish-born financial publisher (d. 1954)
- May 21 - Tudor Arghezi, Romanian writer (d. 1967)
- May 25
- Jean Alexandre Barré, French neurologist (d. 1967)
- Alf Common, English footballer (d. 1946)
- May 29 - Oswald Spengler, German philosopher (d. 1936)
- June 3 - Didier Bonvitesse, Belgian painter and sculptor (d. 1945)
- June 6 - W. T. Cosgrave, Irish politician (d. 1965)
- June 17 - Carl Van Vechten, American writer and photographer (d. 1964)
- June 21 - Josiah Stamp, 1st Baron Stamp, British civil servant, industrialist and economist (d. 1941)
- June 27 - Helen Keller, American spokeswoman for the deaf and blind (d. 1968)
[edit] July - December
- July 5 - Jan Kubelík, Czech violinist (d. 1940)
- July 12 - Tod Browning, American motion picture director, horror film pioneer (d. 1962)
- July 21 - Milan Rastislav Štefánik, Slovak General, politician, and astronomer (d. 1919).
- July 24
- Ernest Bloch, Swiss-born composer (d. 1959)
- Kristian Hellström, Swedish athlete (d. 1946)
- August 6 - Hans Moser, Austrian actor (d. 1964)
- August 8 - Earle Page, eleventh Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1961)
- August 10 - Robert L. Thornton, American businessman, philanthropist, and mayor of Dallas, Texas (d. 1964)
- August 22 - George Herriman, American cartoonist (d. 1944)
- August 23 - Wyndham Standing, British actor of stage & film (d. 1963)
- August 26 - Guillaume Apollinaire, French poet (d. 1918)
- August 29 - Marie-Louise Meilleur, verified as longest-lived Canadian ever (d. 1998)
- August 30 - Nikolai Astrup, Norwegian painter (d. 1928)
- August 31 - Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands (d. 1962)
- September 12 - H. L. Mencken, American journalist (d. 1956)
- September 14
- Metropolitan Benjamin (Fedchenkov), Orthodox missionary and writer, Exarch of Russian Church in North America (d. 1961)
- Archie Hahn, American athlete (d. 1955)
- September 16 - Alfred Noyes, English poet (d. 1958)
- September 22 - Christabel Pankhurst, English suffragette (d. 1958)
- September 23 - John Boyd Orr, Scottish physician and biologist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1971)
- September 24 - Sarah Knauss, verified as longest-lived American ever (d. 1999)
- October 23 - Una O'Connor, Irish actress (d. 1959)
- November 1
- Grantland Rice, American sportswriter (d. 1954)
- Alfred Wegener, German scientist and meteoroligist (d. 1930)
- November 2 - John Foulds, British classical music composer (d. 1939)
- November 5 - Richard Oswald, Austrian film director (d. 1963)
- November 6 - Robert Musil, Austrian novelist (d. 1942)
- November 10 - Jacob Epstein, American-born sculptor (d. 1959)
- November 25 - Elsie J. Oxenham, British children's novelist (d. 1960)
- December 1 - Joseph Trumpeldor, Russian Zionist (d. 1920)
- December 4 - Garfield Wood, American motorboat racer (d. 1971)
- December 10 - Jessie Aspinall, Australian doctor, first female junior medical resident at the Royal Prince Alfred Hospital (d. 1953)
- December 11 - Frank Tarrant, Australian cricketer (d. 1951)
- December 24 - Johnny Gruelle, American cartoonist and children's book author (d. 1938)
- December 31 - George Marshall, United States Secretary of State, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1959)
- date unknown
- William J. Simmons, founder of the second Ku Klux Klan (d. 1945)
- Reginald Farrer, English botanist (d. 1920)
- Li Shutong, Chinese artist and art teacher (d. 1942)
[edit] Deaths
[edit] January - June
- January 4
- Anselm Feuerbach, German painter (b. 1829)
- Marthe Camille Bachasson, Count of Montalivet, French statesman (b. 1801)
- January 8 - Joshua A. Norton, self-anointed Emperor Norton I of the United States of America (b. 1811)
- January 14 - Frederick VIII, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein (b. 1829)
- January 12 - Ida, Countess von Hahn-Hahn, author (b. 1805)
- January 20 - Captain Moonlite, Australian bushranger (b. 1842) (hanged)
- January 31 - Adolphe Granier de Cassagnac, French politician (b. 1806)
- April 23 - Raden Saleh, Indonesian painter (b. 1807)
- March 14 - Pagan Min, King of Ava (b. 1811)
- March 31 - Henryk Wieniawski, Polish composer (b. 1835)
- May 4 - Edward Clark, Confederate Governor of Texas (b. 1815)
- May 8 - Gustave Flaubert, French novelist (b. 1821)
- May 20 - Károly Alexy, Hungarian sculptor (b. 1816)
- June 8 - Maria Alexandrovna (Marie of Hesse), Empress Consort of Czar Alexander II of Russia (b. 1824)
- June 28 - Texas Jack Omohundro, American frontier scout, actor, and cowboy (b. 1846)
[edit] July - December
- July 7 - Lydia Maria Child, American novelist and abolitionist (b. 1802)
- July 17 - Tomasz Chołodecki, Polish political activist (b. 1813)
- July 21 - Hiram Walden, American politician (b. 1800)
- August 15 - Adelaide Neilson, English actress (b. 1848)
- August 17 - Ole Bull, Norwegian violinist (b. 1810)
- August 24 - Chief Ouray, Native American leader (b. c. 1833)
- October - Victorio, Apache chief
- October 4 - Jacques Offenbach, German-born composer (b. 1819)
- November 11 - Ned Kelly, Australian bush ranger (hanged) (b. c. 1855)
- November 28 - Aires de Ornelas e Vasconcelos, (Portuguese) Archbishop of Goa (b. 1837)
- December 22 - George Eliot, English writer (b. 1819)
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