1800
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This article is about the year. For the toll-free telephone number, see Toll-free telephone number.
| Centuries: | 17th century - 18th century - 19th century |
| Decades: | 1770s 1780s 1790s - 1800s - 1810s 1820s 1830s |
| Years: | 1797 1798 1799 - 1800 - 1801 1802 1803 |
| 1800 in topic: |
| Subjects: Archaeology - Architecture - |
| Art - Literature (Poetry) - Music - Science |
| Sports - Rail Transport |
| Countries: Australia - Canada - France - Germany - Ireland - Mexico - New Zealand - Norway - South Africa - UK - USA |
| Leaders: State leaders - Colonial governors |
| Category: Establishments - Disestablishments |
| Births - Deaths - Works |
Year 1800 (MDCCC) was an exceptional common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar, but a leap year starting on Sunday [1] of the Julian calendar. The Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar until Friday, February 28 [O.S. February 17, 1800] 1800, but 12 days ahead since Saturday, March 1 [O.S. February 18, 1800] 1800.
Contents |
[edit] Events of 1800
- World population was nearing 1 billion people, at 978 million. The 1 billion milestone will not be accomplished until 2 years later, in 1802. The population distribution by region:
- Africa: 107,000,000
- Asia: 635,000,000
- Europe: 203,000,000
- Latin-America: 24,000,000
- Northern America: 7,000,000
- Oceania: 2,000,000
[edit] January - March
- February 13 - The Bank of France is founded.
- March 14 - Cardinal Barnaba Chiaramonti succeeds Pius VI as Pius VII, the 251st [[pope][Catholic Remonstration followed up in 1952 By George Tenrdrington].
- March 20 - Alessandro Volta describes his new invention, the voltaic pile, the first chemical battery, in a letter to the Royal Society.
[edit] April - June
- April - Voting begins in the United States presidential election, 1800; it will last until October. The result is not announced until February 1801.
- April 24 - The U.S. Library of Congress is founded.
- May 5 - Great Britain passes the Act of Union to join Great Britain and Ireland into the United Kingdom (to take effect on 1 January 1801). The act is signed by King George III in August.
- May 15 - Napoleon Bonaparte crosses the Alps and invades Italy.
- June 2 - First smallpox vaccination is made in North America, at Trinity, Newfoundland.
- June 14 - Battle of Marengo: Napoleon defeats the Austrian troops near Marengo, Italy.
[edit] July - September
- September 5 - At the invitation of the Maltese, British troops liberate the Islands of Malta and Gozo from the French.
- September 20 - The Treaty of Mortefontaine is signed between France, Britain, and the United States of America, ending the Quasi-War.
- September 30 - Convention of 1800 is signed.
[edit] October - December
- November 1
- U.S. President John Adams becomes the first President of the United States to live in the Executive Mansion (later renamed the White House).
- Middlebury College is granted its charter by the Vermont General Assembly.
- November 17 - The U.S. Congress holds its first Washington, D.C. session.
- December 3 - Battle of Hohenlinden: the French army defeats German troops.
- December 24
- An assault on Napoleon Bonaparte fails in Paris.
- Pierre Coudrin and Henriette Aymer de la Chevalerie found the Congregation of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary in Paris.
[edit] Undated
- The infrared radiation is discovered by William Herschel.
- Electrolysis of water is discovered by Anthony Carlisle and William Nicholson by passing a voltaic current through water, generating hydrogen and oxygen.
- The Althing of Iceland, the world's oldest parliament, is dissolved, to be restored 3 years later.
- Downing College, Cambridge is founded after a legal action in the Court of Chancery to enforce the will of Sir George Browning, 3rd Baronet.
- A "Steamer on wheels" appeares in the USA.
[edit] Ongoing events
- French Revolutionary Wars (1792-1802)-Second Coalition/Egyptian Campaign
- Napoleonic Wars (1799-1815)-Second Coalition/Egyptian Campaign
[edit] Births
| Gregorian calendar | 1800 MDCCC |
| Ab urbe condita | 2553 |
| Armenian calendar | 1249 ԹՎ ՌՄԽԹ |
| Bahá'í calendar | -44 – -43 |
| Berber calendar | 2750 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2344 |
| Burmese calendar | 1162 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7308 – 7309 |
| Chinese calendar | 己未年十二月初七日 (4436/4496-12-7) — to —
庚申年十一月十六日(4437/4497-11-16) |
| Coptic calendar | 1516 – 1517 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1792 – 1793 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5560 – 5561 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1855 – 1856 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1722 – 1723 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4901 – 4902 |
| Holocene calendar | 11800 |
| Iranian calendar | 1178 – 1179 |
| Islamic calendar | 1214 – 1215 |
| Japanese calendar | Kansei 12 (寛政12年) |
| Korean calendar | 4133 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2343 |
[edit] January-June
- January 1 - Francis Egerton, 1st Earl of Ellesmere (d. 1857)
- January 6 - Anna Maria Hall, Irish writer (d. 1889)
- January 7 - Millard Fillmore, 13th President of the United States (d. 1874)
- January 11 - Anyos Jedlik, Hungarian physicist, the inventor of the Dynamo (d.1895)
- January 12 - George Villiers, 4th Earl of Clarendon, English diplomat and statesman (d. 1870)
- January 14 - Ludwig von Köchel, Austrian musicologist (d. 1877)
- January 17 - Caleb Cushing, American statesman and diplomat (d. 1879)
- January 24 - Edwin Chadwick, English social reformer (d. 1890 or did he?)
- January 26
- Johann Gerhard Oncken, German Baptist preacher (d. 1884)
- Elizabeth Ann Whitney, Mormon leader (d. 1882)
- January 27 - John Evelyn Denison, 1st Viscount Ossington, English statesman (d. 1875)
- February 1 - Brian Houghton Hodgson, English civil servant (d. 1894)
- February 6 - Achille Devéria, French painter and lithographer (d. 1857)
- February 9
- Hyrum Smith, American religious leader (d. 1844)
- Joseph von Führich, Austrian painter (d. 1876)
- February 11 - William Fox Talbot, English photographic pioneer (d. 1877)
- February 12 - John Edward Gray, British zoologist (d. 1875)
- February 23 - William Jardine, Scottish naturalist (d. 1874)
- February 26
- Lucius Lyon, U.S. statesman (d. 1851)
- John Baptist Purcell, U.S. (Irish-born) archbishop (d. 1883)
- March 2 - Evgeny Baratynsky, Russian poet (d. 1844)
- March 3 - Heinrich Georg Bronn, German geologist and paleontologist (d. 1862)
- March 4 - William Price, British physician and eccentric (d. 1893)
- Victor Aimé Huber, German social reformer (d. 1869)
- George Hudson, English railway financier (d. 1871)
- March 12 - Louis Prosper Gachard, Belgian man of letters (d. 1885)
- March 13 - Koca Mustafa Reşid Pasha, Turkish statesman and diplomat
- March 16 - Emperor Ninko of Japan (d. 1846)
- March 17 - Rudolf Ewald Stier, German Protestant churchman and mystic (d. 1862)
- March 20 - Gottfried Bernhardy, German philologist and literary historian (d. 1875)
- March 25
- Alexis Paulin Paris, French scholar and author (d. 1881)
- Ernst Heinrich Karl von Dechen, German geologist and mineralogist (d. 1889)
- March 28 - Johann Georg Wagler, German herpetologist (d. 1832)
- April 2 - Andrzej Artur Zamoyski, Polish nobleman (d. 1874)
- April 4 - Tokugawa Nariaki, Japanese daimyo of Mito (d. 1860)
- April 15 - James Clark Ross, British naval officer and explorer (d. 1862)
- April 16
- Jakob Heine, German orthopaedist (d. 1879)
- George Bingham, 3rd Earl of Lucan, British soldier (d. 1888)
- April 29 - Hiram Cronk, last surviving veteran of the War of 1812 (d. 1905)
- May 1 - James Black, creator of the original Bowie knife (d. 1870)
- May 4 - John McLeod Campbell, Scottish churchman (d. 1872)
- May 5 - Louis Christophe François Hachette, French publisher (d. 1864)
- May 6 - Roman Sanguszko, Polish noble (d. 1881)
- May 8 - Armand Carrel, French writer (d. 1836)
- May 9
- John Brown, American abolitionist (d. 1859)
- Samuel Carter Hall, English journalist (d. 1889)
- May 30 - Karl Wilhelm Feuerbach, German geometer (d. 1827)
- June 1 - Charles Fremantle, Royal Navy officer (d. 1869)
- June 2 - Nicholas P. Trist, secretary to Andrew Jackson (d. 1874)
- June 3 - Gustaw Potworowski, Polish activist (d. 1860)
- June 17 - William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse, Irish astronomer (d. 1867)
- June 23 - Karol Marcinkowski, Polish physician and social activist (d. 1846)
- June 30 - Richard Bethell, 1st Baron Westbury, Lord Chancellor of Great Britain (d. 1873)
[edit] July - December
- July 14 - Jean-Baptiste Dumas, French chemist (d. 1884)
- July 19 - Juan José Flores, first president of Ecuador (d. 1864)
- July 22
- Jakob Lorber, German Christian mystic (d. 1864)
- Robert McCormick, British Royal Navy surgeon (d. 1890)
- July 31
- Robert L. Caruthers, Confederate governor of Tennessee (d. 1882)
- Friedrich Wöhler, German chemist (d. 1882)
- August 4 - Hercules L. Dousman, American trader and financier (d. 1868)
- August 5 - Ramón María Narváez y Campos, 1st Duke of Valencia, Spanish soldier and statesman (d. 1868)
- August 10 - Otto August Rosenberger, German astronomer (d. 1890)
- August 12
- Jean-Jacques Ampère, French philologist (d. 1864)
- Ugo Bassi, Italian patriot (d. 1849)
- August 13 - Ippolito Rosellini, Italian Egyptologist (d. 1843)
- August 19
- Buckner Stith Morris, mayor of Chicago (d. 1879)
- James Lenox, American bibliophile and philanthropist (d. 1880)
- August 21 - Hiram Walden, American politician (d. 1880)
- August 22
- Edward Barron Chandler, American politician (d. 1880)
- William S. Harney, U.S. general (d. 1889)
- Edward Bouverie Pusey, English churchman (d. 1882)
- August 25 - Karl Hase, German Protestant theologian and church historian (d. 1890)
- September 6 - Catharine Beecher, American educator (d. 1878)
- September 11 - Daniel S. Dickinson, Confederate admiral (d. 1866)
- September 12
- Pierre Charles Fournier de Saint-Amant, leading French chess master (d. 1872)
- William Cavendish-Scott-Bentinck, 5th Duke of Portland (d. 1879)
- September 13
- Franklin Buchanan, officer in the U.S. Navy who became an admiral in the Confederate Navy during the American Civil War (d. 1874)
- David Stewart, American politician (d. 1858)
- September 15 - Paul Friedrich, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (d. 1842)
- September 19 - William McKean, admiral in the United States Navy (d. 1865)
- September 20
- John Pascoe Grenfell, British admiral of the Brazilian Navy (d. 1869)
- Benjamin Franklin White, American singing master (d. 1879)
- September 22
- George Bentham, English botanist (d. 1884)
- Thomas Holloway, English pharmacist and philanthropist (d. 1883)
- September 23 - William Holmes McGuffey, American professor who created the McGuffey Readers (d. 1873)
- September 30 - Decimus Burton, prolific English architect and garden designer (d. 1881)
- October 1 - Lars Levi Laestadius, Swedish Lutheran pastor of Sami ancestry (d.1861)
- October 2 - Nat Turner, American slave rebel (d. 1831)
- October 3 - George Bancroft, American historian and statesman (d. 1891)
- October 8 - Jules Desnoyers, French geologist and archaeologist (d. 1887)
- October 18 - Henry Taylor, English dramatist (d. 1886)
- October 22 - Christian Lassen, German orientalist (d. 1876)
- October 23 - Henri Milne-Edwards, French zoologist (d. 1885)
- October 25
- Thomas Babington Macaulay, 1st Baron Macaulay, British poet (d. 1859)
- Jacques Paul Migne, French priest, theologian, and publisher (d. 1875)
- October 26 - Helmuth von Moltke the Elder, German field marshal (d. 1891)
- October 27 - Benjamin Wade, U.S. lawyer and politician (d. 1878)
- November 4
- Edwin Waller, American entrepreneur (d. 1881)
- George Long, English classical scholar (d. 1879)
- November 17 - Achille Fould, French financier and politician (d. 1867)
- November 18 - John Nelson Darby, British evangelist (d. 1882)
- November 22 - Linn Boyd, U.S. politician (d. 1859)
- December 1 - Mihály Vörösmarty, Hungarian poet (d. 1855)
- December 3 - France Prešeren, Slovenian poet (d. 1849)
- December 4
- Emil Aarestrup, Danish erotic poet (d. 1856)
- William Fenwick Williams, British military (d. 1883)
- December 5 - Thomas Ford, governor of Illinois (d. 1850)
- December 7 - Giuseppe Gené, Italian naturalist and author (d. 1847)
- December 20 - Charles Wood, 1st Viscount Halifax, English statesman (d. 1885)
- December 25 - John Phillips, English geologist (d. 1874)
- December 27 - John Goss, English organist and composer (d. 1880)
- December 29 - Charles Goodyear, American rubber magnate (d. 1860)
- date unknown
- Martín Perfecto de Cos, Mexican general (d. 1854)
- James Glynn, United States Navy officer (d. 1871)
- Edwin Guest, English antiquary (d. 1880)
- Frederick Yeates Hurlstone, English painter (d. 1869)
- Thomas Henry Lister, English novelist (d. 1842)
- William Simson, Scottish painter (d. 1847)
- Harriet Smithson, Irish actress (d. 1854)
- Jacob Westervelt, American shipbuilder and mayor of New York (d. 1856)
- probable
- Richard Lawrence, attempted assassin of Andrew Jackson (d. 1861)
- William Nicholson, officer in the United States Navy (d. 1872)
[edit] Deaths
[edit] January-June
- January 1 - Louis-Jean-Marie Daubenton,
- January 6
- William Jones, English divine (b. 1726)
- Friedrich Adolf Riedesel, German soldier (b. 1738)
- January 9 - Jean Étienne Championnet, French general (b.1762)
- January 13 - Dempsey Burges, Republican U.S. Congressman (b. 1751)
- January 20 - Thomas Mifflin, fifth President of the United States in Congress assembled under the Articles of Confederation (b. 1744)
- January 22 - George Steevens, English Shakespearean commentator (b. 1736)
- January 23 - Edward Rutledge, U.S. statesman (b. 1749)
- February 2 - James C. Jarvis, United States Navy officer (b. 1787)
- February 23 - Joseph Warton, English academic and literary critic (b. 1722)
- March - Joseph de Guignes, French orientalist (b. 1721)
- March 1 - John Hazelwood, officer in the Continental Navy (b. 1726)
- March 14 - Daines Barrington, English naturalist (b. 1727)
- March 21 - William Blount, U.S. statesman (b. 1749)
- March 29 - Marc René, marquis de Montalembert, French military engineer and writer (b. 1714)
- April 13 - Kazimierz Poniatowski, Polish nobleman (b. 1721)
- April 25
- Ezekiel Cornell, Continental Congressman from Rhode Island (b. 1732)
- William Cowper, English poet (b. 1731)
- May 4 - Armand, duc d'Aiguillon (b. 1750)
- May 5 - jordan drake (b. 1763)
- May 6 - john palme (b. 1763)
- May 7 - emily martinich (b. 1990)
- May 7 - Niccola Piccinni, Italian composer (b. 1728)
- May 18 - Alexander Suvorov, Count of Rymnik (b. 1729)
- May 23 - Henry Cort, English ironmaster (b. 1740)
- June 14
- Louis Charles Antoine Desaix, French military leader (killed in battle) (b. 1768)
- Jean Baptiste Kléber, French general (assassinated) (b. 1753)
- June 20 - Abraham Gotthelf Kästner, German mathematician (b. 1719)
- June 24 - Charles Stewart, American revolutionary (b. 1729)
- June 28 - Théophile Corret de la Tour d'Auvergne, Grenadier officer in the French army (b. 1743)
- June 30 - Thomas Townshend, 1st Viscount Sydney, British politician (b. 1732)
[edit] July-December
- July 14 - Lorenzo Mascheroni, Italian mathematician (b. 1750)
- July 18 - John Rutledge, governor of South Carolina (b. 1739)
- August 24 - Rawlins Lowndes, American lawyer and jurist (b. 1721)
- August 25 - Elizabeth Montagu, English literary critic (b. 1720)
- August 31 - John Blair, American politician (b. 1732)
- September 2 - Maciej Radziwiłł, Polish nobleman (b. 1749)
- September 26 - William Billings, American choral composer (b. 1746)
- September 27 - William Gibbons, American lawyer and revolutionary (b. 1726)
- September 29 - Michael Denis, Austrian poet (b. 1729)
- October 4 - Johann Hermann, German physician and naturalist (b. 1738)
- October 10 - Gabriel Prosser, American slave revolutionary
- October 16 - Benjamin Huntington, American lawyer and politician (b. 1736)
- October 28 - Artemas Ward, American Major General in the American Revolutionary War and a Congressman from Massachusetts (b. 1727)
- November 5 - Jesse Ramsden, English astronomical instrument maker (b. 1735)
- November 14 - François Claude Amour, marquis de Bouillé, French general (b. 1739)
- November 30 - Matthew Robinson, 2nd Baron Rokeby, English eccentric nobleman (b. 1712)
- December 7 - Wilhelm von Knyphausen, Hessian Lieutenant-General (b. 1716)
- December 17 - William Peery, American farmer and lawyer (b. 1743)
- December 26 - Mary Robinson, English poet (b. 1756)
- December 27 - Hugh Blair, Scottish Presbyterian preacher and man of letters (b. 1718)
- date unknown
- Jean-Baptiste Audebert, French artist and naturalist
- Samuel Barrington, British admiral (b. 1729)
- Thomas Conway, Irish soldier (b. 1734)
- George Dixon, English sea captain and explorer (b. 1755)
- Charles Johnstone, Irish writer (b. 1719)
- Aleksander August Zamoyski, Polish nobleman
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[edit] Notes
- ^ "Calendar in year 1800 (Russia)" (full Julian calendar), webpage: Julian-1800 (Russia used the Julian calendar until 1919).
- ^ Roberts, J: "History of the World.". Penguin, 1994.
