Diosdado Macapagal
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Diosdado Macapagal
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 Diosdado Macapagal on 200 peso-bill order = 9th President of the Philippines |
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| In office December 30, 1961 – December 30, 1965 |
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| President | Carlos P. Garcia |
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| Vice President | Emmanuel Pelaez |
| Preceded by | Carlos P. Garcia |
| Succeeded by | Ferdinand Marcos |
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| In office December 30, 1957 – December 30, 1961 |
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| Preceded by | None[1] |
| Succeeded by | Emmanuel Pelaez |
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| Born | September 28, 1910 Lubao, Pampanga, Philippines |
| Died | April 21, 1997 (aged 86) Makati City, Metro Manila |
| Political party | Liberal Party |
| Spouse | (1) Purita dela Rosa—died (2) Evangelina Macaraeg |
| Occupation | Lawyer |
| Religion | Roman Catholic |
| Signature |  |
- For the airport, see Diosdado Macapagal International Airport
- For the boulevard in Metro Manila, see Diosdado Macapagal Boulevard
Diosdado Pangan Macapagal (September 28, 1910 – April 21, 1997) was a Filipino statesman who served as the 9th President of the Philippines. He was elected in 1961, defeating the re-election bid of Carlos P. Garcia. He did not win in his own re-election bid in 1965, losing to Ferdinand Marcos. He was also known by his nickname "The Incorruptible".
His daughter, Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, is the current president of the Philippines.
He is also known for changing the day of Philippine Independence, which was then July 4, 1946, into June 12, 1898
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[edit] Early life and career
Macapagal was born in Lubao, Pampanga, to Urbano Macapagal and Romana Pangan. He graduated valedictorian in the Lubao Elementary School, graduated with second highest rating in the Pampanga High School. His family was poor (hence his nickname "poor boy from Lubao"), but with the help of Honorio Ventura, the Secretary of Interior at that time, he studied law and graduated in the University of Santo Tomas and pursued and earned the postgraduate degree of Doctor of Civil Law and Ph.D. in Economics in the same university.
He finished his law degree in 1936 and was the bar topnotcher when he took the bar examination in the same year with a rating of 89.95%. He worked as a lawyer for an American employer in Manila, and was assigned as a legal assistant to President Manuel L. Quezon.
During the Japanese occupation of World War II, Macapagal served as support to the anti-Japanese task force and as an intelligence liaison to the US guerillas. It was during this period that his first wife, Purita Dela Rosa died. He had two children with Purita Dela Rosa, Cielo and Arturo. Cielo later on became vice-governor of Pampanga. He later married Evangelina Macaraeg, the mother of current Philippine President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo.
In 1948 he served as second secretary to the Philippine Embassy in Washington, DC. At the urging of then-Pampanga governor Joe Lingad[2], Macapagal ran in the 1949 general elections for a seat in the House of Representatives, representing the 1st District of Pampanga. He won the election and was re-elected in the 1953 general elections, serving in the 2nd and 3rd Congress. While serving in Congress, Macapagal was named as a Philippine representative to the United Nations General Assembly three times.
In the 1957 general elections, he ran for Vice President of the Philippines under the Liberal Party banner as the running-mate of Jose Yulo. While Yulo was defeated by Carlos P. Garcia of the Nacionalista Party, Macapagal was elected Vice-President, defeating the Nacionalista candidate, Jose Laurel, Jr. by over 8 percentage points. Macapagal served out his 4-year term as Vice-President as the de facto leader of the opposition, and benefited from the increasing unpopularity of the Garcia administration. In the 1961 presidential election, Macapagal ran against Garcia and defeated the incumbent president by a 55% to 45% margin.
[edit] Post-presidency
In 1971, Macapagal was elected president of the constitutional convention that drafted what became the 1973 constitution.
[edit] See also
- Gen. Alfredo M. Santos - First Four-star General, Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (1962-1965)
[edit] External links
[edit] References
- Zaide, Gregorio F. (1984). Philippine History and Government. National Bookstore Printing Press.
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| Preceded by Carlos P. Garcia |
Vice President of the Philippines 1957–1961 |
Succeeded by Emmanuel Pelaez |
| President of the Philippines 1961–1965 |
Succeeded by Ferdinand Marcos |
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