Nairi
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Nairi is an Assyrian term from the 13th to 10th centuries BC (Late Bronze Age to Early Iron Age) given to a people located around Lake Van, in what is now East Anatolia, Turkey.[1] They were considered a force strong enough to contend with both the Assyrians and Hittites[citation needed] during the Bronze Age collapse.
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Identity
There are insufficient primary sources for a definite description of their ethnic roots and territorial distribution. By some opinions, they may have been a Hurrian tribe, related to contemporary Mitanni (Götze 1936). Others take this hypothesis skeptically; e.g., Benedict (Benedict 1960) points out that there is no evidence of the presence of Hurrites in the vicinity of Lake Van.
An early, documented reference to Nairi is a tablet dated to the time of Adad-nirari I (13th century BC), which mentions the purchase of 128 horses from the Nairi region.[2]
The names of twenty-three Nairi lands were recorded by Tiglath-Pileser I (1114–1076 BC). Their southernmost point was Tumme, known to have been south-west of Lake Urmia, and their northern one Daiaeni.[3] These lands are known from the list of defeated kings: "the king of Tumme, the king of Tunube, the king of Tuali, the king of Kindari, the king of Uzula, the king of Unzamuni the king of Andiabe, the king of Pilakinni, the king of Aturgini, the king of Kulibarzini, the king of Shinibirni, the king of Himua, the king of Paiteri, the king of Uiram, the king of Shururia, the king of Albaia, the king of Ugina, the king of Nazabia, the king of Abarsiuni, and the king of Daiaeni."[4]
The Nairi fought against the southern incursions of the Assyrians and would later unite into Urartu.
See also
References
- ^ "The Nairi Tac Central". http://www.tacentral.com/erebuni/nairi.asp.
- ^ "Schriftfunde" (in German). http://www.assur.de/Themen/Ausgrabung/Assur2001/Schriftfunde/schriftfunde.html. "Inscribed objects" (English translation)
- ^ The Armenians - Page 27 by Elizabeth Redgate, A. E. (Anne Elizabeth) Redgate Grayson, IL, 1976 (pp. 12-13)
- ^ "Assyrian Catalogue of Anatolian lands and leaders". http://www.maravot.com/Phrygian1g.html.
Further reading
- Albrecht Götze, Hethiter, Churriter und Assyrer, Instituttet for Sammenlignende Kulturforskning, Serie A: Forelesninger XVII (Oslo, 1936).
- Warren C. Benedict, Urartians and Hurrians. Journal of the American Oriental Society 80/2, 1960, 100-104.
- Ralf-Bernhard Wartke, Urartu Das Reich am Ararat, Verlag Philipp von Zabern, Mainz/Rhein 1993
- A. G. Sagona, Matasha McConchie, Liza Hopkins (2004) "Archaeology at the North-east Anatolian Frontier", ISBN 9042913908
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