Andrei Rublev
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| St. Andrei Rublev | |
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 Russian Icon of St. Andrei Rublev, holding one of his works |
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| Venerable Father (Prepodobne) | |
| Born | 1360-1370 |
| Died | 29 January 1427 or 1430, Andronikov Monastery, Moscow |
| Venerated in | Eastern Orthodox Church |
| Canonized | June, 1988, Trinity-St. Sergius Lavra by Holy Governing Synod of the Moscow Patriarchate |
| Feast | 29 January, 4 July |
| Attributes | Clothed as an Orthodox monk, often shown holding an icon |
 Saints Portal |
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Andrei Rublev (Andrew Rublev, Andrey Rublev, Andrey Roublyov, Russian: Андре́й Рублёв) (c.1360 or 1370 - 1427 or January 29, 1430) is considered to be the greatest medieval Russian iconographer (painter of Orthodox icons and frescoes).
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[edit] Biography
There is little information about his life. It is not known where he was born. Andrei Rublev probably lived in the Trinity-St. Sergius Lavra near Moscow under Nikon of Radonezh, who became hegumen after the death of Sergii Radonezhsky (1392).
The first mention of Rublev is in 1405 when he decorated icons and frescos for the Cathedral of the Annunciation of the Moscow Kremlin in company with Theophanes the Greek and Prokhor of Gorodets. His name was the last of the list of masters as the junior both by rank and by age.
Chronicles tell us that in 1408 he painted (together with Daniil Cherni) the Assumption Cathedral in Vladimir and in 1425–1427 the Cathedral of St. Trinity in the Trinity-St. Sergius Lavra. After Daniil's death Andrei came to Moscow's Andronikov Monastery where he painted his last work, the frescoes of the Savior Cathedral.
He is also believed to have painted at least one of the miniatures in the Khitrovo Gospels.
The only work authenticated as entirely his is the icon of the Trinity, ca. 1410 (shown at left), currently in the Fred Jones Jr. Museum of Art in Norman. It is based upon an earlier icon known as the "Hospitality of Abraham" (illustrating Genesis 18). Rublev removed the figures of Abraham and Sarah from the scene, and through a subtle use of composition and symbolism changed the subject to focus on the Mystery of the Trinity.
In Rublev's art two traditions are combined: the highest asceticism and the classic harmony of Byzantine mannerism. The characters of his paintings are always peaceful and calm. After some time his art came to be perceived as the ideal of Church painting and of Orthodox iconography.
Andrei died at Andronikov Monastery on January 29 of 1430 (this date is still questionable). His work has influenced many different artists including Dionisy. At the Stoglavi Sobor (1551) Rublev's icon style was announced as a model for church painting. He was canonized a saint in 1988 by the Russian Orthodox Church. The church celebrates his feast day on January 29[1] and July 4.[2][3][1]
Since 1959 the Andrei Rublev Museum has been open at the Andronnikov Monastery, displaying the art of his works and his epoch.
In 1966, Andrei Tarkovsky made his celebrated film, Andrei Rublev loosely based on the artist's life, which shows him as "a world-historic figure" and "Christianity as an axiom of Russia's historical identity"[4] during a turbulent period in the history of Russia
The 1998 horror novel The Vampire Armand by Anne Rice featured a young man, who was born himself in Russia under the name of Andrei (his last name is not revealed). The story claims that 'Andrei' was a renowned icon painter himself, his history bearing a great resemblance to Rublev's.
[edit] Selected works
 Baptism of Jesus, 1405 (Cathedral of the Annunciation, Moscow) |
 Annunciation, 1405 (Cathedral of the Annunciation, Moscow) |
 Theotokos of Vladimir, ca. 1405 |
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 St. Michael, 1408 (Iconostasis at Dormition Cathedral, Vladimir) |
 St. Gabriel, 1408 (Dormition Cathedral, Vladimir) |
 St. Andrew the First-called, 1408 (Dormition Cathedral, Vladimir) |
 St. Gregory the Theologian, 1408 (Dormition Cathedral, Vladimir) |
 Theotokos from Deësis, 1408 (Dormition Cathedral, Vladimir) Some think this may be the work of Theophanes the Greek |
 St. John the Theologian, 1408 (Dormition Cathedral, Vladimir) |
 St. John the Baptist, 1408 (Dormition Cathedral, Vladimir) |
 Savior in Glory, 1408 (Dormition Cathedral, Vladimir) |
 Harrowing of Hell, 1408-1410 (Vladimir) |
 Ascension, 1408 (Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow) |
 Apostle Paul, 1410s (Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow) |
[edit] References
- ^ a b Saint Herman Calendar 2006, Platina CA: Saint Herman of Alaska Brotherhood, 2006, pp. 12, 56
- ^ Church Calendar (Russian)
- ^ ""Moscow Patriarchate Glorifies Saints"". Orthodox America (Issue 82, Vol. IX, No. 2, August, 1988). Retrieved on 2008-03-16.
- ^ Hoberman, Jim. "Andrei Rublev". The Criterion Collection. Retrieved on 2007-12-06.
[edit] See also
- Andrei Rublev, a 1966 film by Andrei Tarkovsky loosely based on the painter's life.
[edit] External links
- Andrey Rublev Official Web Site
- Rublev at the Russian Art Gallery
- Selected works by Andrei Rublev: icons, frescoes and miniatures
- "The Deesis painted by Andrey Rublev" from the Annunciation Church of the Moscow Kremlin - article by Dr. Oleg G. Uliyanov
- Historical documentation on Andrei Rublev, compiled by Robert Bird
- The Andrei Rublev Museum of Ancient Russian Art – Guide to visiting the museum
- Venerable Andrew Rublev the Iconographer Orthodox icon and synaxarion
