Leslie Cheung

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Leslie Cheung Kwok-Wing

Leslie Cheung at the Cannes Film Festival, 1993
Chinese name 張國榮 (Traditional)
Chinese name 张国荣 (Simplified)
Pinyin Zhāng Guóróng (Mandarin)
Jyutping Zoeng1 Gwok3wing4 (Cantonese)
Birth name 張發宗 (Traditional)
张发宗 (Simplified)
Zhãng Fãzõng (Mandarin)
Zoeng1 Faat3zung1 (Cantonese)
Ancestry Meixian, Guangdong, China
Origin Hong Kong
Born September 12, 1956(1956-09-12)
Hong Kong
Died April 1, 2003 (aged 46)
Hong Kong
Other name(s) 哥哥 (Go4go1; lit. Big Brother)[1][2]
Occupation Singer, actor, director, songwriter
Genre(s) Cantopop
Instrument(s) Singing
Label(s) Polydor, Capital Artists, Cinepoly, Rock, Apex Music, Universal
Years active 1977 – 2003
Parents Cheung Wut Hoi

Leslie Cheung Kwok-Wing (September 12, 1956 – April 1, 2003), nicknamed elder brother (哥哥),[3][4][5][6] was an actor and musician from Hong Kong. Cheung was considered as "One of the founding fathers of Cantopop," and "combining a hugely successful film and music career".[7]

In 2000, Cheung was named Asian Biggest Superstar by China Central Television, and voted as The Most Favorite Actor in 100 Years of Chinese Cinema in 2005.[8][9]

Contents

[edit] Childhood and education

Leslie Cheung Kwok-Wing was born in Kowloon, Hong Kong. His birth name was Cheung Fat-chung (張發宗), which was later changed to his stage name, Cheung Kwok-Wing. Cheung was the youngest of ten children in a middle-class Hakka family. Cheung Wut Hoi - his father was a fairly well-known tailor, whose customers included the American actors William Holden and Cary Grant[10][11][12] His parents divorced when he was quite young. While in Hong Kong, Leslie Cheung attended Rosaryhill School (Stubbs Road, Hong Kong).

At the age of 13, he was sent to England as a boarder at Eccles Hall School and faced racial discrimination at the school. He worked as a bartender at his relatives' restaurant and sang during the weekends. It was around this period that he chose his name, "Leslie". According to Cheung, he chose this name because "I love the film Gone with the Wind. And I like Leslie Howard. The name can be a man's or woman's, it's very unisex, so I like it."[13]

In several of his interviews, Cheung stated that he had a fairly unhappy childhood. "I didn't have a happy childhood. Arguments, fights and we didn't live together; I was brought up by my granny."[13] "What I would say most affected me as a child, was that my parents were not at home with me. As a young kid, one could not always understand why his parents weren't at home. This made me depressed sometimes."[14]

Cheung attended the University of Leeds in northern England, where he studied textile management. He dropped out of university at the end of his first year, when his father fell ill. After his father's recovery, Cheung did not return to England to complete his studies.[15][16]

[edit] Career

[edit] Early career

In 1977, Cheung won second prize by singing Don McLean's "American Pie" at the Asian Music Contest held by Rediffusion Television (RTV). He signed a contract with RTV, which subsequently became Asia Television Limited (ATV) and began his career in the entertainment industry. He also signed a music contract with Polydor Records, releasing Day Dreaming (1977) and Lover's Arrow (1979).

The early days of his career were not easy. He was once booed off the stage during a public performance, and his first two albums were not welcomed by the public. He left Polydor Records at the end of his contract. Cheung's first film, The Erotic Dream of the Red Chamber (紅樓春上春) in 1978 was a soft porn film. Cheung later stated that he was unaware of the sexual nature of the film when he signed the contract.[17]

During the 1970s and 1980s, he appeared in a number of TV dramas such as The Young Concubine (我家的女人), Agency 24 (甜甜廿四味), Pairing (對對糊), and The Spirit Of The Sword (浣花洗劍錄). These TV dramas helped turn him into a household name in South East Asia.

[edit] Ascension to fame

Summer Best Collection - All Because of You, 1985
Summer Best Collection - All Because of You, 1985

In 1982, Cheung joined Capital Artists upon the end of his contract with RTV. It was at Capital Artists that Florence Chan became his music agent and remained as such through his entire career. While at Capital Artists, he also met Anita Mui, another Hong Kong Cantopop idol, starting a long lasting friendship. In 1983, Cheung released his first hit song, "The Wind Blows On" (風繼續吹). In 1984, he released his first top ten hit song "Monica", which became the first so-called "fast" song that won the RTHK Top Ten Chinese Gold Songs Award. "Monica" became representative of a new genre of Hong Kong music in the mid 1980s. Fans began to demand fast and energetic Cantopop songs that would be suitable for both dancing and listening. Other Top Ten Gold Songs released by Cheung through Capital Artists included "Wild Wind" (不羈的風) (album, For Your Love Only, 1985); "Who Can Be With Me" (有誰共鳴) (album, Leslie Cheung: Allure Me, 1986) and "Love in Those Years" (當年情) (theme song for A Better Tomorrow, album Leslie Cheung: Allure Me, 1986). "Who Can Be With Me" became the Gold of the Gold Songs (Best Song) of the Year for 1986.

Cheung's movie career was a little slower to take off. He appeared in supporting roles in his second and third movies Encore (1980) and On Trial (1981). However, his acting talent was soon recognized with his nomination for the Hong Kong Film Awards' Best Supporting Actor for his role in On Trial. Subsequently after this nomination, he began to star as the leading man in Teenage Dreamers (1982) and has held the lead role in almost every movie he had been in since. From the early 1980s through 1986, most of the movies in which he had starred were teenage movies. Among them, Nomad (1982, directed by Patrick Tam Kar-ming) are widely considered by film critic as the representation of the Hong Kong "New Wave" films. Cheung's role as Louis in Nomad won him his first Best Actor nomination of the Hong Kong Film Awards. Later, Cheung stated that he considers Nomad as his first "real" movie. During this period, Cheung continued to act in a number of Television Broadcasts (TVB) dramas, such as Once Upon an Ordinary Girl (儂本多情) and The Fallen Family (武林世家).

[edit] Stardom and retirement

Leslie Cheung in the Final Encounter of the Legend concert, 1989
Leslie Cheung in the Final Encounter of the Legend concert, 1989

In 1986, he joined Cinepoly Records Hong Kong and released the album Summer Romance in 1987. Summer Romance became the Best Selling CD of the Year and IFPI Best Selling Album in Hong Kong. The success of Summer Romance made him one of the top two Cantopop idols at the time (the other was Alan Tam). In 1988, he composed one of his most famous songs "Silence is Golden" (沉默是金). Other popular albums published by Cheung through Cinepoly Records included Hot Summer (1988), Virgin Snow (1988), Leslie '89 (Side face, IFPI Best Album of the Year, 1989), Final Encounter (1989), and Salute (1990). Salute was the first non-profit album released by a superstar in Hong Kong music history that would only compile songs originally performed by other singers. According to Cheung, Salute is his homage to music. He donated all the proceeds from the sales of Salute to the Hong Kong Academy for Performing Arts (香港演藝學院), which was named the Leslie Cheung Memorial Scholarship after his death.[18]

With the popularity of Cheung and Tam, fans of these two stars became increasingly hostile to each other, starting a long-standing conflict that soon put heavy pressure on both singers. In 1988, Alan Tam publicly quit all pop music award ceremonies. In 1989, Cheung announced his intention to retire from his music career as a singer. Cheung then set a record by being the first singer ever in Cantopop history to hold a retirement concert series (Final Encounter of the Legend), which ran for 33 consecutive nights (he was 33 at the time) at Hong Kong Coliseum. In 1990, he left Hong Kong at the peak of his music career and emigrated to Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, where he reportedly "found peace and tranquility."[19] Cheung gained Canadian citizenship in 1992 and returned to Asia full-time in 1995 for his re-emergence in Chinese-language popular music.

From 1986 to 1989, Cheung acted in a number of movies that are considered as Hong Kong classics by film critics and Asian movie fans.[20][21] In 1986, Cheung co-starred with Chow Yun-Fat in A Better Tomorrow (directed by John Woo), which was widely considered as a trend starter for Hong Kong triad movies in the 1980s. Cheung played Kit, a righteous and idealistic young cop. Cheung's role in the movie was widely considered his debut as a serious actor. He also starred in the sequel, A Better Tomorrow II (1987). Also in 1987, Cheung starred in Stanley Kwan's Rouge where he played Chen-Pang Chan, an infatuated, opium-smoking playboy and doomed lover of a beautiful prostitute, Fleur (played by Anita Mui). Further, in the same year (1987), he appeared in Tsui Hark's A Chinese Ghost Story (directed by Ching Siu-tung). Cheung played Ling Choi Sin, a well-meaning but cowardly debt collector who had fallen in love with a beautiful ghost (played by Joey Wong). His performance in these movies won him two Best Actor nomination from Hong Kong Film Awards. The success of A Better Tomorrow and A Chinese Ghost Story made his name known in the Japanese and South Korea film markets.

[edit] Golden age in film

Leslie Cheung in the movie Days of Being Wild, 1990
Leslie Cheung in the movie Days of Being Wild, 1990

The mid-80s to mid-90s was a golden age in Hong Kong's film industry, which coincided with Cheung's film career. In 1990, Cheung acted as Yuddy, a handsome, ruthless bad boy, philanderer and narcissist in Wong Kar-wai's movie Days of Being Wild. His performance in Days of Being Wild won him the Best Actor Award at the Hong Kong Film Awards in 1991 and his first nomination of Best Actor at the Golden Horse Film Festival (Taiwan). He also acted in two other Wong Kar-wai movies. In the 1994 martial arts film, Ashes of Time, he starred as Ouyang Feng, a swordsman and assassin who spent his days in a desert. His role as Ouyang won him the Best Actor Award at the Hong Kong Film Critics Society Awards. In 1997's movie Happy Together which centrally depicts a complex relationship between two gay lovers (although Wong insists that it isn't essentially a "gay" film[22]), he played the capricious Ho Po-wing, who goes to Argentina with his lover Lai Yiu-fai (played by Tony Leung Chiu-wai).

In 1992's historical masterpiece Farewell My Concubine (directed by Chen Kaige), Cheung acted as the Peking opera star Dieyi Cheng, a Beijing opera artist who reaches fame with his exquisite performances of female roles. Farewell My Concubine is the first Chinese film to have won the Golden Palm award at the Cannes Film Festival. It also won more than twenty other film awards including a Golden Globe for Best Foreign Film and Oscar nominations for Best Foreign Film and Best Cinematography. Cheung's performance in the film won him international fame as a film star and set his steps in the mainland China film industry. In 1996, he worked again with Chen Kaige, playing the role of a misty gigolo, Zhongliang Yu, in Temptress Moon. In 1998's A Time to Remember (directed by Yip Ying), he acted as Jin, an underground Chinese Communist leader. His Hong Kong background caused a heated debate at the time, but the film still achieved Box Office success in mainland China and in 2004 won a "Most Popular Foreign Film" Award at the Pyongyang Film Festival.

Other important movies Cheung starred in during this period include The Bride with White Hair (with Brigitte Lin, 1993), He's a Woman, She's a Man (with Anita Yuen, 1994), The Phantom Lover (1995), and Viva Erotica (with Shu Ki, 1996). His performance in these movies won him three Best Actor Award nominations at the Hong Kong Film Awards and three Best Actor Award nominations at the Golden Horse Film Festival from 1990 to 1998.

As a versatile actor, Cheung also acted in many comedies. In 1991, teamed again with Chow Yun-Fat and Cherie Chung, Cheung played a skillful and charming thief in John Woo's Once A Thief. In 1992's All's Well, Ends Well, he acted as an effeminate brother who would later realize the meaning of true love. Other well-known comedies included The Eagle Shooting Heroes, It's a Wonderful Life, and The Chinese Feast. Cheung was also a box office attraction in Hong Kong; from 1990 to 1998, 13 out of 39 movies in which he starred were listed as yearly top ten box office movies.[23]

Although Cheung quit his career as a pop singer from 1989 to 1995, he continued his music career as a composer. He composed more than ten songs during that time. In 1993, he won Best Original Movie Song Award from Golden Horse Film Festival for the theme song Red Cheek, White Hair to the movie The Bride with White Hair (as a composer). In 1995, he composed all three theme songs for the film The Phantom Lover. As a composer, Cheung won four nominations for Best Original Movie Song Award at the Golden Horse Film Festival and Awards and two nominations for Best Original Film Song at the Hong Kong Film Awards.

[edit] Return to music

Album Red, 1996
Album Red, 1996

In 1995, Cheung signed a contract with Rock Records, returning to music as a singer. At the same year, he released his first post-"retirement" album, Beloved. Beloved achieved large market success with the award of IFPI Best Selling Album,[24][25] but it did not receive much acclaim from music critics as it is a collection of Cheung's movie theme songs from 1993 to 1995. In 1996, Cheung released possibly his most highly acclaimed album, Red. Red was a fusion album, mixing smooth jazz, R&B, trip hop, etc., into Cantopop, forming a consistent unique style. Cheung worked since then on cutting-edge music as well as Cantopop, his new music style being markedly different from before his earlier retirement. In this album, Cheung also composed another important song in his music career, Red. In 1998, Cheung released his first album in Mandarin (and also the only one originally in the language), Printemps.

In 1997, Cheung held his first post-retirement concert series: World Tour 97, which lasted from Dec. 12, 1996 to June 17, 1997. Like with the refinements to his musical style, Cheung introduced a new image to his audience. The most daring part possibly was the closing dance "Red" where Cheung did a tango duet in a pair of red high-heels with a macho dancer. World Tour 97 included 55 concerts: 24 concerts were held in Hong Kong Coliseum and 31 concerts were held in the cities around the world. Among them, six concerts were held in Japan and mainland China respectively. World Tour 97 was the first concert series that Cheung held in these two areas.

In 1999, Cheung started a music company, Apex Music, signing a distribution contract with Universal Music Group(UMG). Important albums released via UMG includes Count Down With You (1999), Big Heat (2000), and Untitled (2000). The hit songs released by him during this period include Passing-by Dragonfly, the top one hit song, Big Heat, and Left Right Hands, Top Ten Gold Song of the Year (1999). He also composed the song I (first released in album Big Heat), which was considered by him as a song of self-statement. In 2000, Cheung was awarded the Golden Needle award (lifetime achievement award in Cantopop music). In the same year, Cheung had been assigned as the "Music Ambassador" of Composors And Authors Society of Hong Kong (CASH) until his death. Cheung also composed the theme song Noah's Ark, for the CASH Golden Sail Award.

[edit] The later years

Leslie Cheung in Passion Tour, 2001
Leslie Cheung in Passion Tour, 2001

In 2000, Cheung held his last concert series, Passion Tour. Passion Tour included 43 concerts, lasting from July 31, 2000 to April 16, 2001. It was his most disputable, and possibly best concert. Cheung worked at the first time as the art director as well as the singer for the concert. He invited Jean-Paul Gaultier to design all eight costumes for the concert. However, the costumes, together with his long wig and beard, were criticized bitterly by Hong Kong media at the early stage of the concerts. Cheung later disclosed that Gaultier was very angry about the criticism and claimed in an email (sent to Cheung) that he would never design costumes again for any Asian performer. Despite the early criticisms from the media, Passion Tour achieved huge success. Passion Tour was highly welcomed in Japan and made Cheung hold 10 concerts there. Together with World Tour 97 concerts, Cheung set a record of foreign artists of holding 16 concerts in Japan. In China, Cheung set a record yet to be broken by holding two consecutive night concerts in Shanghai Stadium (capacity of 80,000). He was also awarded the "Grand Salute Award" (2000) by Mingpao Weekly (Hong Kong) and "Music Salute Award" (2000) from Chinese Pop Music Media Association (mainland China) for his work in Passion Tour.

By the end of the 1990s, Cheung had began to focus on acting in non-romance roles. In The Kid (1999, directed by Jacob Cheung Chi-Leung), he starred as a poor single father who fostered an abandoned baby boy. In the action thriller Double Tap (2000, directed by Lo Chi Leung), he played a psycho killer, Rick. In the 2002 psycho thriller Inner Senses (directed by Lo Chi Leung), he played psychologist Dr. Law, who discovered his own emotional issues when he tried to treat his patient Yan (Kar Yan Lam). His performance in these films earned him another Best Actor nomination from the Hong Kong Film Awards. He also garnered another two Best Actor Award nominations from Taiwan Film Festival. During this period, Cheung began to try his hand at film direction. In 2000, he directed his first movie, the 45 minutes From Ashes to Ashes. In 2002, he began to film his first regular length movie Stealing Heart. The film was not completed due to the deterioration of his health.

[edit] Sexual orientation

Cheung was bisexual and once said in an interview in Time magazine: "It's more appropriate to say I'm bisexual. I've had girlfriends. When I was 22 or so, I asked my girlfriend Teresa Mo (his colleague in ATV of the time) to marry me."[26]

Despite numerous tabloid rumors, he denied his homosexual/bi-sexual orientation for the first half of his career, until his stance relaxed considerably after emigrating to Vancouver. In the early 1990s he became one of the few Hong Kong actors who dared to play gay characters onscreen.

Cheung's first gay role was Cheng Dieyi in Farewell My Concubine (1993). Cheng Dieyi was a Beijing opera singer or Dan (male actor who plays female roles) who had fallen in love with his male singing partner. In Wong Kar-wai's Happy Together (1997), Cheung played another gay role, Ho Po-wing. Happy Together contained graphic sex scenes. He was nominated for the Best Actor Award at the Golden Horse Awards and the Hong Kong Film Awards for his role in Happy Together.

In 1995 a Hong Kong tabloid published a photo of Cheung with another man, Daffy Tong Hok-Tak (唐鶴德). In a 1997 concert, Cheung openly revealed that Tong was his "most beloved" after his mother. The Hong Kong media eventually accepted the two men's relationship and the tabloid gave Tong the nickname Tong Tong (in the style of Go Go). After Cheung's death, Cheung's family published a full-page obituary in a Hong Kong newspaper, in which Tong was listed as a surviving spouse (未亡人). Tong, together with Cheung's eldest sister, was also designated as the executor of Cheung's estate.

[edit] Death

Leslie Cheung's funeral car (upper) and memorial service (lower)
Leslie Cheung's funeral car (upper) and memorial service (lower)

Cheung committed suicide on April 1, 2003. He leapt from the 24th floor of the Mandarin Oriental Hotel, located in the Central district of Hong Kong Island.[27] He left a suicide note saying that he had been suffering from depression. He was 46 years old.[28][29][30][31][32][33]

As one of the most popular performers in Asia, Cheung's death shocked the Asian entertainment industry and Chinese community world-wide.[34][35][36][37][38][39] Rumors about the cause of his death spread so fast that his family urged tabloids to let Cheung rest in peace, and not to sensationalize his sexual orientation and reasons for suicide. The day after Leslie's death, his long time partner, Tong, confirmed that Cheung suffered from (clinical) depression and had been seeing psychiatrists for treatment for almost a year. He also revealed that Cheung had attempted suicide in 2002. Later at his funeral, Cheung's niece disclosed that her uncle had severe clinical depression and suffered much over the past year (2003).

Despite the risk of infection from SARS and the WHO's warning on travels to Hong Kong, tens of thousands, including celebrities and other fans, many from other parts of the world such as mainland China, Taiwan, Japan, Southeast Asia, the United States and Canada attended Cheung's memorial service, which was held for the public, on April 7, 2003. Cheung's funeral was on April 8, 2003. For almost one month, Cheung's death dominated newspaper headlines in Hong Kong and his songs were constantly on the air.

Cheung's last album Everything Follows the Wind (一切隨風) was released three months after his death.

  • Cheung's suicide note (translation): "Depression! Many thanks to all my friends. Many thanks to Professor Felice Lieh-Mak (Cheung's last psychiatrist, 麥列菲菲). This year has been so tough. I can't stand it anymore. Many thanks to Mr. Tong. Many thanks to my family. Many thanks to Fei-Fei (Lydia Shum Din-ha). In my life I did nothing bad. Why does it have to be like this?"
  • Cheung's suicide note (Chinese): "Depression! 多謝各位朋友，多謝麥列菲菲教授，這一年很辛苦，不能再忍受， 多謝唐先生，多謝家人，多謝肥姐. 我一生沒做壞事 為何這樣?"

[edit] Extra information

 Lists of miscellaneous information should be avoided. Please relocate any relevant information into appropriate sections or articles. (December 2007)
  • His last public singing appearance was in the late Anita Mui's last 2002 concert as a guest performer, shortly before his death. There, he sang a duet which they had recorded in the 80s and a new song "Extinct Season of Glory". He directed and acted in the video of the song "Extinct Season of Glory".
  • Leslie Cheung is the first generation of Pepsi stars in Asia.
  • Voted as #1 in Commercial Radio's Top 10 Most Beautiful People in Hong Kong.[43]
  • Voted as the winner of the 10 Hottest Celebrities of the Millennium in Hong Kong.
  • In 2000, many websites and newspapers reported that Leslie Cheung, Brigitte Lin, Zhu Ling Ling and Michelle Reis were elected as Four Peerlessly Beauty in Hong Kong. Among them Cheung is the only man, and all the rest are women.
  • His song Monica was crowned as Song of the Century.
  • Named Asian Biggest Superstar by CCTV-MTV in Beijing China.[44]
  • Won the Most Favorite Actor Award in 100 Years of Chinese Cinema in the poll held by Henderson Land Development Co. Ltd, Hong Kong Ferry Co. Ltd, HKFAA and UA Cinemas for the Centennial of Chinese Film History (2005) [45]
  • One of 10 Chinese Cultural Idols of the 20th Century.[47]
  • His wax figure at Madame Tussauds Hong Kong was unveiled on March 31, 2004 (first anniversary of his death). It's put in "Historical and National Heroes" room (Cheung is the only singer/actor in this room). The look is reminiscent of Cheung in his famous role as Beijing opera impersonator Cheng Dieyi in the film, Farewell My Concubine.[48]
  • A 2006 Hong Kong study on the celebrity suicide events suggested that Cheung's death may cast negative effects on the people already depressed during the SARS period: in April 2003, there were 134 suicides in Hong Kong (Hong Kong population is of 6.9 million). Among them, 13 mentioned Cheung in their suicide notes. However, the historical statistic given in the paper show that the suicide rates in the months before and after April 2003 keep consistent with that of April 2003. The paper does not analyze the effect of the SARS and economy depress on the suicide rate either.[49]
  • To remember Cheung, some his fans donated benches with Cheung's name to parks at the places they live, such as Hibiya Park in Tokyo or Stanley Park in Vancouver.
  • Cheung was called the Elvis of Hong Kong earlier in his career.[50] Coincidentally, the year Elvis Presley died was the year Cheung started his singing career.
  • There are some songs about Cheung, the most famous one is Go Go, written and sung by Lum Hon Yeung.

[edit] Achievement lists

[edit] Selected awards

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[edit] Discography

  • I Like Dreamin' (白版碟) 1977
  • Day Dreamin' 1977
  • 情人箭 ('Lover's Arrow') 1979
  • 風繼續吹 ('The Wind Blows On') 1983
  • 一片痴 ('Craziness') 1983
  • 張國榮 Leslie (Monica) 1984
  • 夏日精選 - 全賴有你 (Summer Best Collection - All Because of You) 1985
  • 為你鍾情 ('For Your Love Only') 1985
  • 張國榮(迷惑我) Leslie Cheung (Allure me) 1986
  • Stand Up 1986
  • 張國榮 (當年情) ('The Past Love') 1986
  • 愛慕 (國語) ('Admire') 1987
  • Summer Romance'87 1987
  • Hot Summer 1988
  • Virgin Snow 1988
  • Leslie '89 張國榮 (側面) ('Side Face' or 'Profile') 1989
  • Salute'89 1989
  • Final Encounter 1989
  • Dreaming 1990
  • 寵愛 (Beloved) 1995
  • 紅 (Red) 1996
  • FROM NOW ON (single) 1996
  • Printemps 1998
  • 這些年來 (EP) ('All These Years') 1998
  • 陪你倒數 (Count Down With You) 1999
  • Big Heat (大熱) 2000
  • Leslie Untitled (EP) 2000
  • Leslie Forever 2001
  • Crossover 2002
  • 一切隨風 ('Everything Follows the Wind') 2003

[edit] Filmography

[edit] References

  1. ^ Info News, 2008/4/3, [1]
  2. ^ Sina Entertainment News, [2]
  3. ^ http://china.org.cn/english/NM-e/91868.htm (this is the English version of one of the biggest Internet news resource of Mainland China)
  4. ^ Leslie Cheung - Biography
  5. ^ Thousands of fans pay tribute to Leslie Cheung
  6. ^ Leslie Cheung - Biography
  7. ^ Simon Broughton, Mark Ellingham, "World Music Volume 2: Latin and North America, Caribbean, India, Asia and Pacific", P54., BBC Radio, ISBN 1-85828-636-0
  8. ^ Cheung Tops Asia's CCTV-MTV Honors [3], AllBusiness.com, Inc.
  9. ^ 'Farewell My Concubine' most appreciated in HK [4], China Daily
  10. ^ Kevin Thomas, "A Career In Full Plumet", Los Angeles Times, June 22, page 6, 1997 [5].
  11. ^ Michel Ciment, Hubert Niogret, "Interview of Leslie Cheung", Positif no. 455/1999, Berlin, conducted on 21 February 1998
  12. ^ Chitose Shima, "Leslie Cheung Interview", All About Leslie, P25-40, Saangyo Henshu Center Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, 1999, ISBN 4-916199-10-3
  13. ^ a b Corliss, Richard (April 30, 2001). "Forever Leslie", Time.com. Retrieved on 2008-08-14. 
  14. ^ Leslie Cheung, "Leslie Cheung Autobiography", Commercial Radio Hong Kong, 1985, (also collected in Album Collection History-His Story by Capital Artist, 2004), an English translation can be found in [6]
  15. ^ Michel Ciment, Hubert Niogret, "Interview of Leslie Cheung", Positif no. 455/1999, Berlin, conducted on 21 February 1998
  16. ^ Chitose Shima, "Leslie Cheung Interview", All About Leslie, P25-40, Sangyo Henshu Center Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, 1999, ISBN 4-916199-10-3
  17. ^ Leslie Cheung, "Leslie Cheung Autobiography", Commercial Radio Hong Kong, 1985, (also collected in Album Collection History-His Story by Capital Artist, 2004), an English translation can be found in [7]
  18. ^ Leslie Cheung Memorial Scholarship: [8]
  19. ^ "The rise and tragic fall of a Canto-pop king", Asian Pacific Post (2003-04-10). Retrieved on 2008-02-21. 
  20. ^ The Best 100 Chinese Motion Pictures, [9]
  21. ^ "A Better Tomorrow" [10]
  22. ^ Khoi Lebinh and David Eng "Interview with Wong Kar-wai", conducted October 27, 1997 for WBAI, 1999.5, New York, conducted (see discussion page for exact quote)
  23. ^ "1990-99 Box Office Ranking for Chinese Movies in Hong Kong" ("1990-99年历年华语片票房排名") [11]
  24. ^ Leslie Cheung's Beloved are sold more than 300,000, Min Pao Weekly, Oct. 28, 1995, see[12]
  25. ^ Achievements of Leslie Cheung, [13]
  26. ^ Corliss, R. (2001). "Forever Leslie", Time Magazine Asia Edition. [14], Retrieved December 17, 2005,
  27. ^ Corliss, R. (2003). That old feeling: Days of being Leslie. Time Magazine Asia Edition. Retrieved December 17, 2005, from [15]
  28. ^ Stephen Kelly, ""WHY DOES IT HAVE TO BE LIKE THIS?" Leslie Cheung, 1956-2003", [16], 8 May 2003
  29. ^ "Leslie Cheung Kwok-Wing commits suicide.", Hong Kong Entertainment News in Review (2003), [17], Retrieved December 17, 2005
  30. ^ "Actor Leslie Cheung 'found dead'", BBC, Apr. 1, 2003, [18]
  31. ^ "Activities to Commemorate Leslie Cheung", Xinhua, Apr. 2, 2005, [19]
  32. ^ Yu Sen-lun, "The Leslie Cheung Legend Lives on", TaiPei Times, Apr. 10, 2003, [20]
  33. ^ Bruce Einhorn, "Hong Kong: A City in Mourning", BusinessWeek, Apr. 14, 2003, [21]
  34. ^ Stephen Kelly, ""WHY DOES IT HAVE TO BE LIKE THIS?" Leslie Cheung, 1956-2003", [22], 8 May 2003
  35. ^ "Leslie Cheung, Larger Than Life" [23]
  36. ^ Jonathan Crow, "Leslie Cheung", AOL All Movie Guide[24]
  37. ^ "Leslie Cheung's Suicide" Gothamist, [25], April,3rd. 2003
  38. ^ "Life In Legacy - Week of April 5, 2003"[26]
  39. ^ "Forty Thousands Fans Farewell Leslie Cheung in the Raining Night", Modern Business News, Apr. 4, 2003, [27]
  40. ^ Chitose Shima, "Time of Leslie Cheung",
  41. ^ "Susan Hwang Revealed that Leslie Cheung Called Daffy Tong Gorgor", Siyin Li, Wenweipo, Hong Kong, Apr. 2, 2008, [28]
  42. ^ "Carina Lau Made a Mistake on Leslie Cheung's Nickname"Info news, April 3, 2008, [29]
  43. ^ Leslie Cheung Biography[30]
  44. ^ Cheung Tops Asia's CCTV-MTV Honors [31], AllBusiness.com, Inc.
  45. ^ 'Farewell My Concubine' most appreciated in HK [32], China Daily
  46. ^ Farewell My Concubine most appreciated in HK [33], China Daily
  47. ^ WHAT THEY ARE SAYING [34], China Daily
  48. ^ HK's Madame Tussauds Unveils Wax Figure of Leslie Cheung [35]
  49. ^ P. Yip, K. Fu, K. Yang, B. Ip, C. Chan, E. Chen, D. Lee, F. Law, K. Hawton, "The effects of a celebrity suicide on suicide rates in Hong Kong." Journal of Affective Disorders, Volume 93, Issue 1-3, Pages 245-252. [36]
  50. ^ Leslie Cheung - Larger Than Life [37]

[edit] Further reading

  • Simon Broughton, Mark Ellingham, "World Music Volumn 2: Latin and North America, Caribbean, India, Asia and Pacific", BBC Radio, 2000, ISBN 1-85828-636-0
  • Klein, A. (2003). Farewell, Leslie Cheung. Los Angeles City Beat. Retrieved December 17, 2005, from [38].
  • Kei Mori, "夢想之欠片（Broken pieces of dreams）", Renga Shyobo Shinshya Co,Ltd,Tokyo Japan,2004,ISBN 4-902603-55-1
  • Chitose Shima, "Leslie Cheung Interview", All About Leslie, P25-40, Sangyo Henshu Center Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, 1999, ISBN 4-916199-10-3
  • Chitose Shima, "Time of Leslie Cheung", Sangyo Henshu Center Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, 2004, ISBN 4-916199-59-6
  • City Entertainment Editor Committee, "Leslie Cheung's Movie World 2 (1991-1995)", City Entertainment, Hong Kong, 2006, ISBN 962-8114-98-0
  • De Hui, "Leslie Cheung's Movie Life" I, II, Shanghai Bookstore Publishing House, Shanghai, 2006, ISBN 7-80678-557-4-J.272

[edit] See also

[edit] External links

Awards and achievements
Preceded by
—		 Hong Kong Film Awards for Best Actor
1991
for Days of Being Wild		 Succeeded by
-
Preceded by
Anita Mui		 Golden Needle Award of RTHK Top Ten Chinese Gold Songs Award
1999		 Succeeded by
Jacky Cheung
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leslie_Cheung"
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