Timeline of probability and statistics

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unverifiable material may be challenged and removed. (October 2008)

A timeline of probability and statistics

Contents 1 17th century 2 18th century 3 19th century 4 20th century 5 See also 6 External links

[edit] 17th century

• 1654 - Blaise Pascal and Pierre de Fermat create the theory of probability,
• 1693 - Edmund Halley prepares the first mortality tables statistically relating death rate to age,

[edit] 18th century

• 1724 - Abraham de Moivre studies mortality statistics and the foundation of the theory of annuities in Annuities on Lives,
• 1733 - Abraham de Moivre introduces the normal distribution to approximate the binomial distribution in probability,
• 1761 - Thomas Bayes proves Bayes' theorem,

[edit] 19th century

• 1805 - Adrien-Marie Legendre introduces the method of least squares for fitting a curve to a given set of observations,

[edit] 20th century

• 1933 - Andrey Nikolaevich Kolmogorov publishes his book Basic notions of the calculus of probability (Grundbegriffe der Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung) which contains an axiomatization of probability based on measure theory,
• 1943 - Kenneth Levenberg proposes a method for nonlinear least squares fitting,
• 1953 - Nicholas Metropolis introduces the idea of thermodynamic simulated annealing algorithms,
• 1962 - Donald Marquardt proposes the Levenberg-Marquardt nonlinear least squares fitting algorithm,

[edit] See also

• Founders of statistics
• List of important publications in statistics
• History of statistics

[edit] External links

• Kees Verduin (2007), A Short History of Probability and Statistics, http://www.leidenuniv.nl/fsw/verduin/stathist/stathist.htm 
• John Aldrich (2008), Probability and Statistics on the Earliest Uses Pages, http://www.economics.soton.ac.uk/staff/aldrich/Probability%20Earliest%20Uses.htm 
• Michael Friendly and Daniel J. Denis (2008). "Milestones in the History of Thematic Cartography, Statistical Graphics, and Data Visualization: An illustrated chronology of innovations".

v • d • e Statistics Design of experiments Population • Sampling • Stratified sampling • Replication • Blocking Sample size estimation Null hypothesis • Alternative hypothesis • Type I and Type II errors • Statistical power • Effect size Descriptive statistics Continuous data Location Mean (Arithmetic, Geometric, Harmonic) • Median • Mode Dispersion Range • Standard deviation • Coefficient of variation • Percentile Moments Variance • Semivariance • Skewness • Kurtosis Categorical data Frequency • Contingency table Inferential statistics Bayesian inference • Hypothesis testing • Significance • Z-test • Student's t-test • Chi-square test • F-test • P-value • Interval estimation • Maximum likelihood • Minimum distance • Meta-analysis • Confidence interval Survival analysis Survival function • Kaplan-Meier • Logrank test • Failure rate • Proportional hazards models Correlation Confounding variable • Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient • Rank correlation (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, Kendall tau rank correlation coefficient) Linear models General linear model • Generalized linear model • Analysis of variance • Analysis of covariance Regression analysis Linear regression • Nonlinear regression • Logistic regression Statistical graphics Bar chart • Biplot • Box plot • Control chart • Forest plot • Histogram • Q-Q plot • Run chart • Scatterplot • Stemplot History History of statistics • Founders of statistics • Timeline of probability and statistics Publications Journals in statistics • Important publications Category • Portal • List of topics