List of wettest tropical cyclones by country
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is a list of wettest tropical cyclones by country, using all known available sources. Data is most complete for Australia, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Japan, Hong Kong, Mexico, Taiwan, Yap, Chuuk, and the United States, with fragmentary data available for other countries. The French region of Réunion holds several world records for tropical cyclone rainfall, due to the rough topography and its proximity to the Indian ocean.
[edit] Antigua and Barbuda
[edit] Antigua
Wettest tropical cyclones in Antigua Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station |
||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 465.3 | 18.32 | Lenny 1999 | V. C. Bird International Airport[1] |
2 | 254.0 | 10.00 | Luis 1995 | [2] |
3 | 232.6 | 9.16 | Omar 2008 | [3] |
4 | 194.1 | 7.64 | Jose 1999 | [4] |
5 | 144.8 | 5.70 | Floyd 1981 | [5] |
6 | 127.0 | 5.00 | Noel 2007 | V. C. Bird International Airport[6] |
7 | 125.7 | 4.95 | Georges 1998 | [7] |
8 | 50.8 | 2.00 | Alice 1954 | [8] |
9 | 36.0 | 1.42 | Emily 2005 | [9] |
10 | 30.3 | 1.19 | Alpha 2005 | [10] |
[edit] Barbuda
Wettest tropical cyclones in Barbuda Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station |
||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 74.9 mm | 2.95 inches | Alice 1954 | [8] |
[edit] Australia
Wettest tropical cyclones in Australia |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 1411 | 55.55 | Mackay Cyclone 1918 | Mackay |
2 | 1318 | 51.89 | Wanda 1974 | Mt. Glorious[11] |
3 | 1140 | 44.88 | Peter 1979 | Mt. Bellenden Ker[12] |
4 | 927 | 36.50 | April 1898 cyclone | Whim Creek[13] |
5 | 907 | 35.71 | Feb. 1893 cyclone | Crohamhurst[11] |
6 | 900 | 35.43 | Feb 1954 cyclone | Springbrook[11] |
7 | 759 | 29.88 | Grace 2004 | Topaz[14] |
8 | 635 | 25.00 | March 1949 cyclone | Yeppoon[15] |
9 | 616 | 24.25 | Bessie 1964 | La Grange/Bidyadanga[13] |
10 | 600 | 23.62 | Joan 1975 | Tom Price[13] |
[edit] Christmas Island
Wettest known tropical cyclones in Christmas Island |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 102.4 mm | 4.03 inches | Jacob 2007 | [16] |
[edit] Cocos Islands
Wettest known tropical cyclones in the Cocos Islands |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 298.0 mm | 11.73 inches | Pedro 1989 | [17] |
[edit] Bahamas
Wettest tropical cyclones in the Bahamas |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 747.5 | 29.43 | Noel 2007 | Long Island[18] |
2 | 508.0 | 20.00 | Donna 1960 | [19] |
3 | 436.6 | 17.19 | Flora 1963 | Duncan Town[20] |
4 | 390.1 | 15.36 | Inez 1966 | Nassau Airport[20] |
5 | 321.1 | 12.64 | Michelle 2001 | Nassau[21] |
6 | 309.4 | 12.18 | Erin 1995 | Church Grove[22] |
7 | 260.0 | 9.88 | Fay 2008 | Freeport[23] |
8 | 236.7 | 9.32 | Floyd 1999 | Little Harbor Abacos[24] |
9 | 216.4 | 8.52 | Cleo 1964 | West End[20] |
10 | 207.0 | 8.15 | Betsy 1965 | Green Turtle Cay[20] |
[edit] Bangladesh
Bangladesh has been the scene of the most epic tropical cyclone casualties in recent times. The country is quite flat and generally lies near sea level.
Wettest tropical cyclones in Bangladesh |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 280 | 11.02 | Monsoon Depression - Sep. 2004 | Barisal[25] |
2 | 227.2 | 8.94 | Trop. Depression - Oct. 2004 | Rangpur[26] |
3 | 53 | 2.13 | Akash 2007 | [27] |
[edit] Belize
This country has terrain mainly across its southern sections, with elevations up to about 3,700 feet (1,100 m).[28] The highest reported rainfall in what was formerly British Honduras occurred during Hurricane Keith in 2000 when 32.67 inches (830 mm) of rain fell in a 24 hour period at Phillip Goodson International Airport in Belize City.[29] It should be noted that equally heavy rains could have fallen during Hurricane Hattie/Simone/Inga of 1961 and Hurricane Fifi of 1974.
Wettest tropical cyclones in Belize Highest recorded rainfall totals since 1978 |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 829.8 | 32.67 | Keith 2000 | Phillip Goodson Int'l Airport[29] |
2 | 546.6 | 21.52 | T.D. #16 2008 | Baldy Beacon[30] |
3 | 249.2 | 9.81 | Chantal 01 | Towerhill[31] |
4 | 246.0 | 9.69 | Mitch 1998 | Central Farm Meteorological Station[32] |
5 | 241.0 | 9.49 | Gert 1993 | Hunting Caye[33] |
6 | 179.0 | 7.05 | Greta 1978 | Central Farm Meteorological Station[32] |
7 | 152.4 | 6.00 | Fifi 1974 | La Placencia[34] |
8 | 131.0 | 5.16 | Hermine 1980 | Central Farm Meteorological Station[32] |
9 | 101.6 | 4.00 | Iris 2001 | [35] |
10 | 68.0 | 2.68 | Opal 1995 | Central Farm Meteorological Station[32] |
[edit] Bermuda
Bermuda has not historically received overwhelming rains out of tropical cyclones. This could be because of the rapid pace storms usually pass the island and the lack of mountains on the island.
Precipitation | Storm | ||
---|---|---|---|
Rank | (mm) | (in) | |
1 | 186.7 | 7.35 | October 1939 Hurricane[36] |
2 | 153.7 | 6.05 | Arlene 1963[20] |
3 | 151.4 | 5.96 | Cristobal 2002 |
4 | 148.0 | 5.86 | Nicole 2004[37] |
5 | 134.1 | 5.28 | T.D. #23A 1967[20] |
6 | 126.2 | 4.97 | Franklin 2005 |
7 | 125.0 | 4.92 | Emily 1981[20] |
8 | 124.0 | 4.88 | Harvey 2005[38] |
9 | 123.2 | 4.85 | September 1948 Hurricane[36] |
10 | 121.2 | 4.77 | Bertha 2008[20] |
[edit] Cambodia
Wettest tropical cyclones in Cambodia Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 404.1 | 15.91 | Linda 1997 | Kompot[39] |
2 | 30.5 | 1.20 | Faith 1998 | Kompong Cham[40] |
[edit] Canada
Tropical cyclones are usually in transition to extratropical cyclones by the time they reach Atlantic Canada, though occasionally they retain their tropical status. No tropical cyclone has ever hit Canada's Pacific coast.
Wettest tropical cyclones (and their remnants) in Canada Highest recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 302.0 | 11.89 | Harvey 1999 | Oxford[41] |
2 | 249.9 | 9.84 | Beth 1971 | Halifax[42] |
3 | 213.6 | 8.41 | Hazel 1954 | Snelgrove[43] |
4 | 200.4 | 7.89 | Chantal 2007 | Argentia[44] |
5 | 191.0 | 7.52 | Bertha 1990 | Hunters Mountain[45] |
6 | 175.0 | 6.90 | Gabrielle 2001 | St. John's[46] |
7 | 165.0 | 6.50 | Cristobal 2008 | Baccaro Point[47] |
8 | 136.7 | 5.38 | Hortense 1996 | Beaver Island[48] |
9 | 131.0 | 5.16 | Erin 2001 | Sagona Island[49] |
10 | 108.0 | 4.25 | Gustav 2002 | Lyon's Brook[50] |
[edit] Cayman Islands
Wettest tropical cyclones in the Cayman Islands Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 794.8 | 31.29 | Pinar del Río Hurricane of 1944 | Grand Cayman Island[51] |
2 | 577 | 22.72 | Alberto 2006 | Owen Roberts International airport[52] |
3 | 552.2 | 21.74 | Isidore 2002 | Cayman Brac[53] |
4 | 451.4 | 17.77 | Paloma 2008 | Cayman Brac[54] |
5 | 308.4 | 12.14 | Ivan 2004 | Grand Cayman Island[55] |
6 | 292.1 | 11.50 | Hattie 1961 | Grand Cayman Island[56] |
7 | 165.6 | 6.52 | Michelle 2001 | Grand Cayman Island[57] |
[edit] China
China is a mountainous country, which leads to rapid dissipation of cyclones that move inland as well as significant amounts of rain from those dissipating cyclones. Typhoon Nina (1975) caused the collapse of two huge reservoirs and ten smaller dams when 1,062 millimetres (41.8 in) fell in Henan Province during a 24 hour period, which is the record for Mainland China. Typhoon Sam of the 1999 Pacific typhoon season became the wettest known tropical cyclone to impact Hong Kong since records began in 1884, breaking a 73 year old record.[58] The mountainous island of Taiwan province sees extreme rains from tropical cyclones, particularly in its central mountain range. Precipitation associated with tropical cyclones and their remains can bring snow to Tibet. An early October 2004 tropical depression brought daily precipitation of 6 centimetres (2.4 in) of liquid equivalent precipitation to Che-Ku county in the form of heavy snow, which was a new October daily precipitation record for both rain and snow. This led to a loss of 340,000 kg of food, 230,000 kg of forage grass, and 263 livestock in the snowstorm.[26]
Wettest tropical cyclones in Mainland China Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 1062.0 | 41.81 | Nina 1975 | |
2 | 831.1 | 32.72 | Fitow 2001 | [59] |
3 | 703.5 | 27.70 | Rananim/Karen 2004 | [60] |
4 | 555.0 | 21.85 | Chanchu/Caloy 2006 | [61] |
5 | 355.6 | 14.00 | Tasha 1990 | [62] |
6 | 343.0 | 13.50 | Imbudo 2003 | Hepu[63] |
7 | 309.7 | 12.19 | Jelawat/Domeng 2006 | Haikou[64] |
8 | 250.8 | 9.87 | Haima 2004 | Pingtan/Fuzhou City[65] |
9 | 190.5 | 7.50 | Hope 1989 | [66] |
10 | 106.3 | 4.19 | Nanmadol 2004 | Dachen Dao[67] |
[edit] Hong Kong
Wettest tropical cyclones in Hong Kong, 1884-2005 (1940-1946 missing) Highest recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 616.5 | 24.27 | Sam 1999 | [68] |
2 | 597.0 | 23.50 | July 1926 Typhoon | [68] |
3 | 562.0 | 22.13 | June 1916 Typhoon | [68] |
4 | 530.7 | 20.89 | Agnes 1965 | [68] |
5 | 519.0 | 20.43 | Agnes 1978 | [68] |
6 | 516.1 | 20.32 | Ellen 1976 | [68] |
7 | 497.5 | 19.59 | Dot 1993 | [68] |
8 | 491.7 | 19.36 | Dot 1982 | [68] |
9 | 480.9 | 18.93 | Helen 1995 | [68] |
10 | 473.2 | 18.63 | August 1904 Typhoon | [68] |
[edit] Lantau Island
Wettest tropical cyclones in Lantau Island Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 700 mm | 27.56 inches | Ira 1993 | [69] |
[edit] Taiwan/Taipei
Wettest tropical cyclones in Taiwan/Taipei Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 1736 | 68.35 | Herb 1996 | Mount A-Li[70] |
2 | 1730 | 68.00 | Lynn 1987 | [71] |
3 | 1672 | 65.83 | Carla 1967 | Xinliao[72] |
4 | 1611 | 63.42 | Sinlaku/Marce 2008 | Hopin town[73] |
5 | 1546 | 60.87 | Aere/Marce 2004 | Matala[74] |
6 | 1431 | 56.34 | Nari 2001 | [75] |
7 | 1248 | 49.13 | Gloria 1963 | Baxin[72] |
8 | 1124 | 44.27 | Janmi/Ofel 2008 | Tatung Town[76] |
9 | 1090 | 42.91 | Nanmadol 2004 | Puluowan[60] |
10 | 1000 | 39.37 | Kalmaegi/Helen 2008 | [77] |
[edit] Costa Rica
Wettest known tropical cyclones in Costa Rica |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 376.4 mm | 14.82 inches | Alma 2008 | Quepos[78] |
2 | 170.9 mm | 6.73 inches | Mitch 1998 | San Jose/Santamaria[79] |
[edit] Cuba
Hurricane Flora of October 1963 drifted across Cuba for four days, leading to extreme rainfall across the mountainous island country. During the heaviest 24 hour period of rainfall, 735 millimetres (28.9 in) of rain fell at Santiago de Cuba. Total amounts of 2,033 millimetres (80.0 in) over 4 days and 2,550 millimetres (100 in) over 5 days produced staggering loss of life in Cuba, where over 2000 perished.[80]
Wettest tropical cyclones in Cuba since 1963 Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 2550 | 100.39 | Flora 1963 | [80] |
2 | 1092 | 42.99 | Dennis 2005 | [80] |
3 | 1025 | 40.34 | T.D. #1 1988 | [80] |
4 | 1012 | 39.84 | Alberto 1982 | [80] |
5 | 870 | 34.25 | Frederic 1979 | [80] |
6 | 849 | 33.43 | T.D. #1 1992 | [80] |
7 | 825 | 32.48 | Laura 1971 | [80] |
8 | 800 | 31.50 | Irene 1999 | [80] |
9 | 754 | 29.69 | Michelle 2001 | [80] |
10 | 747 | 29.41 | Lili 1996 | [80] |
[edit] Dominica, Eastern Caribbean
The islands of the eastern Caribbean are constantly threatened by tropical storms and hurricanes, mainly between August and October. Dominica is a rugged island, with spots of elevation as high as nearly 4,750 feet (1,450 m).[81] As Hurricane Jeanne moved through the region, 422.3 millimetres (16.63 in) of rain fell during the 24 hour period ending on the morning of September 15, 2004.[25]
Wettest known tropical cyclones in Dominica |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 422.3 | 16.63 | Jeanne 2004 | [25] |
2 | 246.4 | 9.70 | Edith 1963 | [20] |
3 | 20.6 | 0.81 | Flora 1963 | [20] |
[edit] Dominican Republic
This country, taking up two-thirds of Hispaniola, has some of the highest terrain surrounding the Caribbean Sea, with Pico Duarte peaking at 10,700 feet (3,300 m) above sea level.[82] Most of the tropical cyclone rainfall totals on the list below are 24 hour maxima, which likely underrepresent the storm total.
Wettest tropical cyclones in the Dominican Republic Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 1001.5 | 39.43 | Flora 1963 | Polo Barahona[20] |
2 | 905.0 | 35.63 | Noel 2007 | Angelina[83] |
3 | 598.0 | 23.54 | Cleo 1964 | Polo[20] |
4 | 479.8 | 18.89 | Inez 1966 | Polo[84] |
5 | 445.5 | 17.54 | Hurricane Four 1944 | Hondo Valle[85] |
6 | 391.4 | 15.41 | Hurricane Five 1935 | Barahona[86] |
7 | 359.9 | 14.17 | Hanna 2008 | Oveido[87] |
8 | 350.0 | 13.78 | T.S. One 1948 | Bayaguana[88] |
9 | 300.3 | 11.82 | Ivan 2004 | Santo Domingo[25] |
10 | 292.2 | 11.50 | David 1979 | Monte Plata[89] |
[edit] El Salvador
Wettest known tropical cyclones in El Salvador |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 262.4 | 10.33 | Mitch 1998 | Acajutla/Sonsonate[79] |
[edit] Federated States of Micronesia
[edit] Chuuk
Elevations of the islands surrounding Chuuk lagoon reach a height of about 1,450 feet (440 m).[90] Typhoon Chataan led to excessive rainfall on this island from June 23-July 3 of 2002, when a total of 939 mm/36.96 inches fell. During the time frame when Chataan was declared a tropical cyclone from July 1-3, 622 mm/24.49 inches fell, with 506 mm/19.92 inches falling on the 2nd alone at the international airport.[91]
Wettest tropical cyclones in Chuuk Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 939.0 | 36.96 | Chataan 2002 | Chuuk Int'l Airport[91] |
2 | 447.0 | 17.60 | Dale 1996 | Chuuk WSO AP[20] |
3 | 427.5 | 16.83 | Sudal 2004 | Chuuk WSO AP[20] |
4 | 405.1 | 15.95 | Andy 1989 | Truk WSO Airport[20] |
5 | 381.1 | 15.03 | Jean 1968 | Truk WSO Airport[20] |
6 | 371.9 | 14.64 | Karen 1962 | Truk WSO Airport[20] |
7 | 370.6 | 14.59 | Pamela 1976 | Truk WSO Airport[20] |
8 | 344.7 | 13.57 | Harriet 1959 | Truk WSO Airport[20] |
9 | 234.2 | 9.22 | Kulap 2005 | Chuuk WSO AP[20] |
10 | 214.1 | 8.43 | Pongsona 2002 | Chuuk WSO AP[20] |
[edit] Pohnpei
This mountainous island lies in the tropical northwest Pacific Ocean.
Wettest tropical cyclones in Pohnpei Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station |
||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 247 mm | 9.73 inches | Axel 1992 | [92] |
[edit] Yap
The wettest known tropical cyclone for the island was Ruby in 1982, which drifted in the island's vicinity for several days during its initial development phase.[93]
Wettest tropical cyclones in Yap Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 594.4 | 23.40 | Ruby 1982 | Yap Island WSO Airport[20] |
2 | 390.9 | 15.39 | Imbudo 2003 | Yap Island WSO Airport[20] |
3 | 318.5 | 12.54 | Winnie 1969 | Yap Island WSO Airport[20] |
4 | 313.9 | 12.36 | Fern 1996 | Yap Island WSO Airport[20] |
5 | 301.8 | 11.88 | Wilda 1967 | Yap Island WSO Airport[20] |
6 | 289.1 | 11.38 | Ophelia 1958 | Yap Island WSO Airport[20] |
7 | 288.5 | 11.36 | Hope 1985 | Yap Island WSO Airport[20] |
8 | 250.2 | 9.85 | Georgia 1962 | Yap Island WSO Airport[20] |
9 | 236.5 | 9.31 | Fran 1976 | Yap Island WSO Airport[20] |
10 | 231.9 | 9.13 | Faye 1963 | Yap Island WSO Airport[20] |
Typhoon Dainmu went near Ulithi, an atoll in Yap State, in mid-June 2004. A 24 hour rainfall of 102.8 mm/4.05" was recorded at Falalop Island ending at 0000 UTC on the 13th.[94]
[edit] Fiji
Orography from the volcanic islands of Fiji has led to significant rainfall during tropical cyclone passages, which occur roughly once a year. Tropical Cyclone Ami of January 2003 led to disastrous flooding across the northern and eastern sections of the island group. The coastal side of Vatuwiri on Taveuni Island measured 311 mm/12.24" of rainfall on January 13.[95]
[edit] France
[edit] Guadeloupe
Hurricane Marilyn moved directly across the island in mid-September 1995,[96] bringing the highest known rainfall totals to the island from a tropical cyclone.
Wettest tropical cyclones in Guadeloupe Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 508 | 20.00 | Marilyn 1995 | Saint-Claude.[97] |
2 | 466 | 17.28 | Lenny 1999 | Gendarmerie[98] |
3 | 318 | 12.50 | Hortense 1996 | Maison du Volcan[48] |
4 | 300 | 11.81 | Jeanne 2004 | [99] |
5 | 223 | 8.79 | Cleo 1964 | Deshaies[20] |
6 | 54 | 2.11 | Edith 1963 | Basse Terre[20] |
7 | 41 | 1.61 | Emily 1987 | [100] |
[edit] Martinique
Martinique is a mountainous island at the fringe of the eastern Caribbean Sea.
Wettest tropical cyclones in Martinique Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station |
||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 680.7 | 26.80 | Dorothy 1970 | Fourniols[101] |
2 | 450.1 | 17.72 | Iris 1995 | Ducos (La Manzo)[102] |
3 | 332.0 | 13.07 | Dean 2007 | Fort de France Colson[103] |
4 | 304.8 | 12.00 | Cindy 1993 | Precheur[104] |
5 | 301.5 | 11.87 | Edith 1963 | Saint Pierre[20] |
6 | 230.1 | 9.06 | Marilyn 1995 | Morne Rouge (Champflore)[105] |
7 | 184.0 | 7.24 | Debby 1994 | Saint Joseph/Rabuchon[106] |
8 | 78.0 | 3.07 | Flora 1963 | Morne des Cadets[20] |
[edit] Réunion Island (Indian Ocean)
The mountainous island of Réunion has experienced some of the highest rainfall totals from tropical cyclones around the world.[107] Three tropical cyclones have staked their place in rainfall history:
Unnamed Tropical Cyclone (April 8-10, 1958): World record for 48 hours (2,467 millimetres (97.1 in)) set at Aurere.
Tropical Cyclone Denise (January 7-8, 1966): World record for 12 hours (1,144 millimetres (45.0 in)) and 24 hours (1,825 millimetres (71.9 in)) set at Foc-Foc.
Tropical Cyclone Gamede (February 24-28, 2007): World record for 72 hours (3,929 millimetres (154.7 in)) set at Commerson Crater. Gamede also holds the world record for accumulated rainfall through nine days.[108]
During late January 2002, Tropical Cyclone Dinah dropped significant rains on the island. The highest amounts were 1,360 millimetres (54 in) over a 48 hour period at the Bellecombe resting place (a volcano lodge) and a 745.2 millimetres (29.34 in) storm total at Pierrefonds.[109]
[edit] Great Britain
[edit] Anguilla
Wettest tropical cyclones in Anguilla Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station |
||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 490.0 mm | 19.29 inches | Lenny 1999 | [110] |
2 | 380.0 mm | 14.96 inches | Jose 1999 | [110] |
3 | 250.0 mm | 9.84 inches | Klaus 1990 | [110] |
4 | 171.5 mm | 6.75 inches | Alice 1954 | [8] |
[edit] Haiti
The mountainous country of Haiti has experienced some of the most powerful hurricanes on record, including Hurricane David. Its three mountain ranges have peaks as high as 8793 feet/2680 meters above sea level.[111]
Wettest tropical cyclones in Haiti Highest recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 1447.8 | 57.00 | Flora 1963 | Miragoane[112] |
2 | 582.7 | 22.94 | Gordon 1994 | Camp Perrin[113] |
3 | 569.7 | 22.43 | Noel 2007 | Camp Perrin[114] |
4 | 417.6 | 16.44 | Lili 2002 | Camp Perrin[115] |
5 | 293.6 | 11.56 | Jeanne 2004 | Camp Perrin[116] |
6 | 141.7 | 5.58 | Ivan 2004 | Camp Perrin[116] |
7 | 136.4 | 5.37 | Michelle 2001 | Camp Perrin[117] |
8 | 122.9 | 4.84 | Ernesto 2006 | Camp Perrin[118] |
9 | 121.2 | 4.77 | Georges 1998 | Camp Perrin[119] |
10 | 101.1 | 3.98 | Alpha 2005 | Camp Perrin[120] |
[edit] Honduras
Wettest known tropical cyclones in Honduras |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 912 | 35.89 | Mitch 1998 | Choluteca[121] |
2 | 554 | 21.82 | Beta 2005 | Trujillo[122] |
3 | 360 | 14.19 | T.D. #16 2008 | Roatan[30] |
4 | 244 | 9.62 | Felix 2007 | Omoa Cortez[123] |
5 | 113 | 4.46 | Alma 2008 | Choluteca[78] |
[edit] Swan Island
Wettest known tropical cyclones in the Swan Islands |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 362.7 | 14.28 | Alma 1966 | [20] |
2 | 228.9 | 9.01 | Debbie 1965 | [20] |
3 | 220.0 | 8.66 | Ella 1970 | [20] |
4 | 178.6 | 7.03 | Laurie 1970 | [20] |
5 | 167.1 | 6.58 | Isbell 1964 | [20] |
6 | 105.2 | 4.14 | Beulah 1967 | [20] |
7 | 98.8 | 3.89 | Carla 1961 | [20] |
8 | 90.7 | 3.57 | Francelia 1969 | [20] |
9 | 87.1 | 3.43 | Hattie 1961 | [20] |
10 | 80.5 | 3.17 | Fox 1952 | [20] |
[edit] India
India can be struck by cyclones that form in the Bay of Bengal or the Arabian Sea.
Wettest known tropical cyclones in India |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 660 mm | 25.8 inches | Nisha- 2008 | Orathanadu ,Tamil Nadu [124] |
2 | 480 mm | 18.90 inches | Sept. 2004 Monsoon Depression | Shardanagar[25] |
3 | 462 mm | 18.19 inches | Yemyin 2007 | [125] |
4 | 262 mm | 10.31 inches | Oct. 2004 T. D. | Shillong[26] |
[edit] Indonesia
The precursor tropical disturbance of Tropical Cyclone Inigo in April 2003 dropped heavy rainfall in eastern Indonesia. The rainfall caused flash flooding and mudslides, primarily in Flores but also on West Timor[126] and Sumba.[127] In some locations, the depth of the floodwaters reached 5 metres (16 ft). The Oessao River in West Timor exceeded its banks, which flooded seven villages. In Kupang in West Timor, the system destroyed hundreds of homes and large fields of corn, bean, and rice crop. Heavy damage was reported near Ende, where flooding and mudslides destroyed 20 houses and destroyed the roads connecting to East Flores. The city airport was flooded with one meter (3 ft) of water, preventing aerial transportation and which left the city temporarily isolated. In East Flores Regency in eastern Flores Island, the system left 75 destroyed houses, along with 77 severely damaged and a further 56 receiving light damage.[126]
Wettest known tropical cyclones in Indonesia |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 223 mm | 8.78 inches | Inigo 2003 | Larantuka, Flores[128] |
[edit] Iran
Wettest known tropical cyclones in Iran |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 74 mm | 2.91 inches | Gonu 2007 | Chabahar[125] |
[edit] Jamaica
This mountainous island country of Jamaica can get lashed with rainfall by slow-moving tropical cyclones in the western Caribbean Sea. Its interior, the Blue Mountains, reach a height of 7,400 feet (2,300 m) above sea level.[129]
Wettest tropical cyclones in Jamaica Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station |
||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 2451 mm | 96.50 inches | November 1909 Hurricane | [130] |
2 | 1524 mm | 60.00 inches | Flora 1963 | [112] |
3 | 951 mm | 37.44 inches | Michelle 2001 | [131] |
4 | 864 mm | 34.00 inches | T. D. #2 (1979) | [132] |
5 | 721 mm | 28.37 inches | Ivan 2004 | [133] |
6 | 700 mm | 27.56 inches | Gilbert 1988 | [134] |
7 | 691 mm | 27.20 inches | Isidore 2002 | [135] |
8 | 623 mm | 24.54 inches | Dennis 2005 | [136] |
9 | 605 mm | 23.82 inches | Lili 2002 | [137] |
10 | 514 mm | 20.22 inches | T.S. (Mid Aug. 1933) | [138] |
[edit] Japan
The mountainous island archipelago is constantly struck by typhoons recurving out of the tropics, which are normally in extratropical transition as they pass through Japan. Typhoon Meari/Quinta of the 2004 Pacific typhoon season led to heavy rain at Owase with the highest 24 hour total of 741 millimetres (29.2 in) ending at 1500 UTC on the 29th.[25] Typhoon Saomai in 2000 produced record rainfall at Nagoya, 584.2 millimetres (23.00 in) in 24 hours.[139] Fran of the 1976 Pacific typhoon season holds the national 24-hour precipitation record of 1,174 millimetres (46.2 in).[140]
Wettest tropical cyclones in Japan Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station |
||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 1321 mm | 52.01 inches | Nabi/Jolina 2005 | [141] |
2 | 1243 mm | 48.94 inches | Namtheum 2004 | [142] |
3 | 1174 mm | 46.22 inches | Fran 1976 | [140] |
4 | 905 mm | 35.63 inches | Songda/Nina 2004 | [60] |
5 | 904 mm | 35.59 inches | Meari/Quinta 2004 | [25] |
6 | 711 mm | 28.00 inches | Gladys 1991 | [143] |
7 | 610 mm | 24.02 inches | Megi 2004 | Tomisato[144] |
8 | 601 mm | 23.66 inches | Judy 1982 | Nanbu[145] |
9 | 584 mm | 23.00 inches | Saomai/Osang 2000 | [139] |
10 | 550 mm | 21.65 inches | Tokage 2004 | Fukuharaasahi[146] |
[edit] Okinawa
Wettest tropical cyclones in Okinawa Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station |
||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 575.6 mm | 22.66 inches | Charlotte 1959 | Naha Air Force Base[20] |
2 | 473.7 mm | 18.65 inches | Cora 1969 | Kadena Air Force Base[20] |
3 | 452.0 mm | 17.80 inches | Sinlaku 2002 | Oku[147] |
4 | 407.2 mm | 16.03 inches | Grace 1961 | Kadena Air Force Base[20] |
5 | 342.0 mm | 13.46 inches | Kujira 2003 | [148] |
6 | 317.8 mm | 12.51 inches | Caitlin 1991 | Kadena Air Force Base[143] |
7 | 257.3 mm | 10.14 inches | Mireille 1991 | [143] |
8 | 254.0 mm | 10.00 inches | Flo 1990 | [62] |
9 | 244.1 mm | 9.61 inches | Irma 1966 | Naha Air Force Base[20] |
10 | 203.2 mm | 8.00 inches | Kinna 1991 | [143] |
[edit] Ryukyu Islands
Typhoon Rusa caused 409 millimetres (16.1 in) of rain to fall at Naze on August 29-30, 2002.[147] Typhoon Aere dropped 314.5 millimetres (12.38 in) of rain in the 65 hour period ending at 1400 UTC on August 25 at Ishigakihima.[60] Typhoon Agnes in August 1957 dropped 586.2 millimetres (23.08 in) of rainfall on Marcus Island.[20]
[edit] Johnston Atoll
Tropical cyclones occasionally threaten this central Pacific island. Hurricane Celeste of 1972 brought 6.21 inches (158 mm) to the isle around August 19.[149]
[edit] Korea
The Korean Peninsula experiences typhoons regularly. Tropical cyclones which impact southern China also lead to, on average, five heavy rainfall events per year across the Korean peninsula.[150]
[edit] North/DPR Korea
Very heavy rains fell across Tongchon and Kosong counties during Typhoon Rusa in 2002, where up to 510 millimetres (20 in) of precipitation fell in a 5-10 hour period.[147]
[edit] South Korea
Wettest tropical cyclones in South Korea Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station= |
||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 898.0 mm | 35.35 inches | Rusa 2002 | Gangneung[151] |
2 | 660.4 mm | 26.00 inches | Gladys 1991 | [143] |
3 | 590.0 mm | 23.23 inches | Nari 2007 | Jeju[152] |
4 | 491.0 mm | 19.33 inches | Saomai 2000 | [153] |
5 | 332.5 mm | 13.09 inches | Megi 2004 | Wando[60] |
6 | 104.5 mm | 4.11 inches | Haima 2004 | Wando[25] |
[edit] Madagascar
The north end of the island, known as the Tsaratanana Massif region, contains terrain with elevations up to 9417 feet/2880 meters.[154]
Wettest tropical cyclones in Madagascar Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station |
||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 707 mm | 27.83 inches | Guillaume 2002 | Toamasina[155] |
2 | 246.3 mm | 9.70 inches | Elita 2004 | Vohemar [156] |
[edit] Malaysia
Wettest tropical cyclones in Malaysia Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station |
||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 220 mm | 8.66 inches | Jelawat/Domeng 2006 | Kampung[64] |
[edit] Mauritius, South Indian Ocean
Wettest tropical cyclones in Mauritius Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station |
||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 202.8 mm | 7.98 inches | Hennie 2005 | Sans-Souci |
2 | 58.8 mm | 2.31 inches | Crystal 2002 | Providence.[157] |
[edit] Mexico
Hurricane Wilma of 2005 drifted over the northeast portion of the Yucatan peninsula for a couple of days, dropping significant rains. A report of 1,576 millimetres (62.0 in) was reported by the Servicio Meteorologicio Nacional in Mexico,[158] which is the wettest known 24-hour rainfall amount ever measured in Mexico. Second on the list is from Tropical Storm Frances in 1998, which accumulated up to 1,019 millimetres (40.1 in) of rain at Independencia in southern Chiapas.[159] Below is a list of the highest known storm total rainfall amounts from individual tropical cyclones across Mexico. Most of the rainfall information was provided by the Mexico's National Weather Service, Servicio Meteorologico Nacional, which is a part of the National Water Commission, Comisión Nacional del Agua.
Wettest tropical cyclones in Mexico Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station |
||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 1576 mm | 62.05 inches | Wilma 2005 | [20] |
2 | 1119 mm | 44.06 inches | Frances 1998 | [20] |
3 | 1098 mm | 43.23 inches | Tropical Depression 11A (1999) | [20] |
4 | 1011 mm | 39.80 inches | Juliette 2001 | [20] |
5 | 950 mm | 37.41 inches | Dolly 1996 | [20] |
6 | 805 mm | 31.69 inches | Gert 1993 | [20] |
7 | 791 mm | 31.15 inches | Hermine 1980 | San Pedro Tapanatepec[160] |
8 | 774 mm | 30.49 inches | Isidore 2002 | [20] |
9 | 686 mm | 27.01 inches | Pauline 1997 | [20] |
10 | 676 mm | 26.61 inches | Roxanne 1995 | [20] |
[edit] Mozambique
The elevation of the country increases to the west, with mountains on its highest plateau reaching nearly 8,000 feet (2,400 m).[161]
Wettest tropical cyclones in Mozambique Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station |
||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 502 mm | 19.76 inches | Eline 2000 | Levubu[162] |
2 | 281 mm | 11.06 inches | Delfina 2003 | [157] |
3 | 200 mm | 7.87 inches | Jokwe 2008 | Nampula[163] |
4 | 190 mm | 7.50 inches | Japhet 2003 | [164] |
[edit] Myanmar/Burma
Wettest tropical cyclones in Myanmar Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station |
||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 343.9 mm | 13.54 inches | T.D. #2 2007 | [165] |
[edit] Nepal
Some of the highest elevations on the planet lie in Nepal, with heights up to 26,160 feet (7,970 m) in the peaks of the Himalayas.[166] During a tropical depression that affected the Indian Subcontinent in 2004, 51.3 millimetres (2.02 in) of rain fell at Kathmandu airport in the 24 hour period ending at 1200 UTC on October 7.[26]
[edit] Netherland Antilles
[edit] Saba
Wettest tropical cyclones in Saba Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station |
||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 286.3 mm | 11.27 inches | Alice (1954) | [8] |
[edit] St. Eustatius
Wettest tropical cyclones in St. Eustatius Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station |
||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 203.2 mm | 8.00 inches | Alice (1954) | [8] |
[edit] St. Martin/Sint Maarten
This hilly island is partially owned by France and partially claimed by the Netherlands.
Wettest tropical cyclones in St. Martin/Maarten Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station |
||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 866.6 mm | 34.12 inches | Lenny 1999 | [1] |
2 | 349.3 mm | 13.75 inches | Jose 1999 | [4] |
3 | 165.1 mm | 6.50 inches | Luis 1995 | [2] |
4 | 85.1 mm | 3.35 inches | Marilyn 1995 | [105] |
[edit] New Zealand
Most tropical cyclones which pass near New Zealand are in extratropical transition (ET), which can enhance their heavy rainfall threat.
Wettest tropical cyclones, and their remnants, in New Zealand Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station |
||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 900 mm | 35.43 inches | Bola 1988 | [167] |
2 | 425 mm | 16.73 inches | Fergus 1996 | Thames - Coromandel district[168] |
3 | 147 mm | 5.79 inches | Wati 2006 | Kaikohe[169] |
[edit] Nicaragua
Wettest tropical cyclones in Nicaragua Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station |
||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 1597 mm | 62.87 inches | Mitch 1998 | Picacho/Chinandega[170] |
2 | 298 mm | 11.72 inches | Alma 2008 | Punto Sandino[78] |
3 | 272 mm | 10.70 inches | Cesar 1996 | Bluefields[171] |
4 | 181 mm | 7.11 inches | Felix 2007 | Puerto Cabezas[172] |
5 | 162 mm | 6.39 inches | Beta 2005 | Puerto Cabezas[122] |
[edit] Niue, Southwest Pacific
During the passage of Tropical Cyclone Heta in January 2004, the Niue Meteorological Station reported a record 24-hour rainfall of 999.2 millimetres (39.34 in).[156]
[edit] Oman
Surrounding desert usually weakens tropical cyclones as they approach from the Arabian Sea.
Wettest tropical cyclones in Oman Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station |
||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 610.0 mm | 24.02 inches | Gonu 2007 | [125] |
2 | 250.6 mm | 9.87 inches | Cyclone 01A 2002 | Qairoon Hairiti[173] |
[edit] Pakistan
Tropical cyclones from the Arabian Sea occasionally wander into Pakistan. Like Oman, the dry air from the surrounding deserts leads to substantial weakening before a tropical cyclone can make landfall. The remains of Onil of October 2004 struck the country as merely a remnant low. However, rainfall amounts of 145 mm/5.71" fell in 36 hours between October 2 and 3rd at Thatta.[26]
[edit] Palau
Palau consists of a string of islands that is rugged and surrounds a lagoon. Elevations up to 2,060 feet (630 m) exist within the island group.[174]
Wettest tropical cyclones in Palau Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station |
||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 470.9 mm | 18.54 inches | Marie 1976 | Koror[175] |
2 | 293.1 mm | 11.54 inches | Nathan 1993 | Nekken Forestry[20] |
3 | 281.4 mm | 11.08 inches | Ruby 1982 | Koror[20] |
4 | 248.9 mm | 9.80 inches | Mike 1990 | Koror[62] |
5 | 121.7 mm | 4.79 inches | Dainmu/Helen 2004 | Koror[94] |
6 | 47.8 mm | 1.88 inches | Ewiniar 2006 | Koror[176] |
[edit] Panama
Inflow to the south of Hurricane Mitch brought impressive rainfalls to the Panama. Veledero de Tole recorded 695 millimetres (27.4 in) of rainfall between October 22 and October 31 of 1998.
[edit] Philippines
This Philippines island archipelago is fairly mountainous, with the highest terrain found in Luzon.
Wettest tropical cyclones in the Philippines Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station |
||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 1168.4 mm | 46.00 inches | July 1911 cyclone | Baguio City[177] |
2 | 1085.8 mm | 42.45 inches | Utor/Feria 2001 | Baguio City[178] |
3 | 1012.7 mm | 39.87 inches | Mindulle/Igme 2004 | |
4 | 994.6 mm | 39.16 inches | Zeb/Iliang 1998 | Baguio City[94] |
5 | 817.9 mm | 32.20 inches | Elaine 1974 | Baguio City[179] |
6 | 747.0 mm | 29.41 inches | Gordon/Goring 1989 | John Hay AB[66] |
7 | 580.5 mm | 22.85 inches | Thelma/Uring 1991 | Tongonon Geothermal Site[178] |
8 | 523.5 mm | 20.61 inches | Wayne 1986 | Clark Air Force Base[20] |
9 | 487.4 mm | 19.19 inches | Irma 1966 | Clark Air Force Base[20] |
10 | 452.4 mm | 17.81 inches | Olga 1976 | Clark Air Force Base[20] |
[edit] Singapore, South China Sea
Typhoon Vamei of December 20 2001 was the only known storm to ever hit the island state. It dropped 165.1 millimetres (6.50 in) of rainfall.
[edit] South Africa
Tropical Cyclone Eline in February 2000 dropped significant rains on portions of South Africa. The highest amount noted was 480 mm/18.90" at Thohoyandou.[180]
[edit] Spain
The only tropical cyclone to reach mainland Europe was 2005's Hurricane Vince. It dropped 3.3 inches (84 mm) of rain on the plain near Cordoba.[181]
[edit] Sri Lanka
A tropical depression in early October 2004 led to heavy rains across Sri Lanka. The maximum was measured at Galle where 117.2 mm/4.61" fell in the 24 hour period ending at 0600 UTC on the 2nd.[26]
[edit] St. Brandon, South Indian Ocean
Tropical Cyclone Darius of New Year's Eve/Day of 2003/2004 passed about 45 miles (72 km) west-northwest of the island. Rainfall over the 24 hour period of closest approach was 135 mm/5.31".[182]
[edit] St. Kitts and Nevis
[edit] Nevis
Wettest tropical cyclones in St. Kitts Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station |
||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 91.4 mm | 3.60 inches | Alice (1954) | [8] |
[edit] St. Kitts
Wettest tropical cyclones in St. Kitts Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station |
||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 153.7 mm | 6.05 inches | Alice (1954) | [8] |
[edit] Tahiti
Tropical Depression 2F/Tropical Cyclone 8P from December 1998 brought a convergent band of warm-topped convection to Tahiti while lurking 300 mi/500 km from the island. This band was quite efficient at rainfall production, as Station Tiare #2 reported 550 mm/21.65" of rainfall from this rainband.[183]
[edit] Takaroa, French Polynesia, Southwest Pacific
During Tropical Cyclone Judy of December 2004, 160 mm/6.30" of rain fell between 0000 and 1200 UTC on the 24th, bringing the 3 1/2 day rain total from the system up to 356 mm/14.02".[184]
[edit] Thailand
Tropical cyclones occasionally cross the Malay Peninsula from the northwest Pacific into the Bay of Bengal.
Wettest tropical cyclones in Thailand Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station |
||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 251.5 mm | 9.90 inches | Muifa 2004 | Prachaup Khirikhan[185] |
2 | 220.5 mm | 8.68 inches | T.S. 06W 2007 | [186] |
3 | 199.8 mm | 7.87 inches | T.D. #2 2007 | [186] |
[edit] United States
[edit] Lower 48
- See also: United States rainfall climatology and United States tropical cyclone rainfall climatology
Below is a list of the top ten highest storm total rainfall amounts from individual tropical cyclones across the lower 48 since 1950. The remains of Amelia 1978 led to the wettest storm total rainfall amounts of any tropical cyclone to impact the lower 48 over that time frame when it moved into Texas during early August 1978.[20] Most of the rainfall information was provided by the National Climatic Data Center in Asheville, North Carolina.
Wettest tropical cyclones in the lower 48 since 1950 Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station |
||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 1219 mm | 48.00 inches | Amelia 1978 | Medina, Texas[20] |
2 | 1148 mm | 45.20 inches | Easy 1950 | Yankeetown, Florida[20] |
3 | 1143 mm | 45.00 inches | Claudette 1979 | Alvin, Texas[20] |
4 | 1033 mm | 40.68 inches | Allison 2001 | Northwest Jefferson County, Texas[20] |
5 | 977 mm | 38.46 inches | Georges 1998 | Munson, Florida[20] |
6 | 932 mm | 36.71 inches | Danny 1997 | Dauphin Island Sea Lab, Alabama[20] |
7 | 756 mm | 29.76 inches | Unnamed 1960 | Port Lavaca #2, Texas[20] |
8 | 707 mm | 27.85 inches | Alberto 1994 | Americus, Georgia[20] |
9 | 695 mm | 27.38 inches | Beulah 1967 | Pettus, Texas[20] |
10 | 686 mm | 27.00 inches | Camille 1969 | West Central Nelson County, Virginia[20] |
[edit] Hawaii
This island chain frequently sees rainfall from the remains of former eastern and central Pacific tropical cyclones, but direct impacts of tropical cyclones are infrequent despite its location in the subtropics due to the protective influence of the Central Pacific Tropical Upper Tropospheric Trough (TUTT) which normally dissipates systems approaching Hawaii. The highest amount reported statewise was during Hurricane Hiki of 1950, when 1321 mm/52.00 inches fell in the mountains.[187] More recently, Hurricane Kenneth deposited 305 mm/ 12.00 inches within the 50th state.[188]
Wettest tropical cyclones in Hawaii since 1950 Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station |
||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 1321 mm | 52.00 inches | Hiki 1950 | [187] |
2 | 985 mm | 38.76 inches | Paul 2000 | [189] |
3 | 635 mm | 25.00 inches | Maggie 1970 | [190] |
4 | 519 mm | 20.42 inches | Nina 1957 | [191] |
5 | 516 mm | 20.33 inches | Iwa 1982 | [20] |
6 | 476 mm | 18.75 inches | Fabio 1988 | [20] |
7 | 381 mm | 15.00 inches | T.D. 1C 1994 | [192] |
8 | 323 mm | 12.70 inches | Makawao 1906 | [187] |
9 | 305 mm | 12.00 inches | Diana 1972 | [193] |
9 | 305 mm | 12.00 inches | "B" 1967 | [194] |
9 | 305 mm | 12.00 inches | Kenneth 2005 | [188] |
[edit] Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico has seen dramatic rainfall from tropical cyclones and their precursor disturbances. The most recent tropical cyclone-related deluge was from Hurricane Georges from September 1998, when 775 mm/30.51 inches of rain was measured at Jayuya.[195] The heaviest rainfall noted over the past 30 years was from the precursor disturbance to Tropical Storm Isabel (1985), when 804 mm/31.67 inches fell at Toro Negro Forest.[196] Hurricane Eloise of 1975 dropped 946 mm/33.29 inches of rainfall at Dos Bocas, with 586 mm/23.07 inches falling in 24 hours. Below is a list of the top ten highest known storm total rainfall amounts from individual tropical cyclones across Puerto Rico since 1960. The rainfall information was gathered from the National Climatic Data Center in Asheville, North Carolina.
Wettest tropical cyclones, precursor disturbances, and remnants, in Puerto Rico Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station |
||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 1058.7 mm | 41.68 inches | T. D. #19 1970 | Jayuya 1 SE[20] |
2 | 846 mm | 33.29 inches | Eloise 1975 | Dos Bocas[20] |
3 | 804 mm | 31.67 inches | Isabel 1985 | Toro Negro Forest[20] |
4 | 775 mm | 30.51 inches | Georges 1998 | Jayuya[20] |
5 | 662 mm | 26.07 inches | Hazel 1954 | Toro Negro Tunnel [197] |
6 | 653 mm | 25.69 inches | Klaus 1984 | [20] |
7 | 596 mm | 23.48 inches | Hortense 1996 | [20] |
8 | 504 mm | 19.86 inches | David 1979 | [20] |
9 | 447 mm | 17.60 inches | Hugo 1989 | [20] |
10 | 438 mm | 17.23 inches | Noel 2007 | [20] |
[edit] Guam
Wettest tropical cyclones in Guam Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station |
||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 856.0 mm | 33.70 inches | Pamela 1976 | Guam WSMO[20] |
2 | 846.8 mm | 33.34 inches | Alice 1953 | Andersen Air Force Base[20] |
3 | 650.5 mm | 25.61 inches | Pongsona 2002 | University of Guam[198][199] |
4 | 610.4 mm | 24.03 inches | Tingting 2004 | Inarajan Agricultural Station[20] |
5 | 539.5 mm | 21.24 inches | Paka 1997 | Guam WSMO[20] |
6 | 533.0 mm | 21.00 inches | Chataan 2002 | South-central Guam[200] |
7 | 519.2 mm | 20.44 inches | Omar 1992 | Guam WSMO[20] |
8 | 414.5 mm | 16.32 inches | Ida 1969 | Andersen Air Force Base[20] |
9 | 411.2 mm | 16.19 inches | Amy 1971 | Guam WSMO[20] |
10 | 364.5 mm | 14.35 inches | Nabi 2005 | Mangilao[20] |
[edit] Northern Marianas Islands
The Northern Marianas Islands are an archipelago north of Guam which get impacted by typhoons in the western Pacific on a regular basis. Typhoon Steve dropped nearly 20 inches (510 mm) on Saipan in 1993,[201] making it the wettest known tropical cyclone for the island chain.
Wettest tropical cyclones in the Commonwealth of the Northern Marianas Islands Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station |
||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 488 mm | 19.20 inches | Steve 1993 | Saipan [201] |
2 | 241 mm | 9.50 inches | Seth 1991 | Saipan [143] |
3 | 205 mm | 8.00 inches | Soulik 2006 | Pagan[202] |
[edit] American Samoa
Tropical cyclones impact the island chain with tropical storm-force winds once every three years, on average.[203]
Wettest tropical cyclones, and their remnants, in American Samoa Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station |
||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 472.4 mm | 18.60 inches | Samoa T.C. - Jan.-Feb. 1966 | Vaipito[20] |
2 | 445.5 mm | 17.54 inches | Val 1991 | Pago Pago Airport[20] |
3 | 394.7 mm | 15.54 inches | Ofa 1990 | Aasufou[20] |
4 | 359.9 mm | 14.17 inches | Heta 2004 | Aasufou[20] |
5 | 254.5 mm | 10.02 inches | Olaf 2005 | Aasufou[20] |
6 | 212.1 mm | 8.35 inches | Esau 1981 | Aasufou[20] |
7 | 95.5 mm | 3.76 inches | Keli 1997 | Afono[20] |
8 | 80.5 mm | 3.17 inches | Tusi 1987 | Afono[20] |
9 | 56.1 mm | 2.21 inches | Cilla 2003 | Aasufou[20] |
10 | 30.5 mm | 1.20 inches | Percy 2005 | Aasufou[20] |
[edit] Vanuatu, Southwest Pacific
Tropical cyclone Ivy in February 2004 led to 254.4 mm/10" of rain at Bauerfield on the 26th.[204]
[edit] Venezuela
A few tropical cyclones have skimmed the northern coast of South America over recent decades. Tropical Storm Bret (1993) dropped 339 millimetres (13.3 in) of rain in ten hours at Guanare, Portuguesa, Venezuela.[205]
[edit] Vietnam
Wettest tropical cyclones in Vietnam Highest known recorded totals |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement statio |
||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 698.5 mm | 27.50 inches | Ira 1990 | [62] |
2 | 610.0 mm | 24.00 inches | TS-06W 2007 | [206] |
3 | 550.0 mm | 21.65 inches | Xangsane 2006 | [207] |
4 | 470.0 mm | 18.50 inches | Eve 1999 | Ky Anh District[208] |
5 | 238.9 mm | 9.41 inches | Chanchu 2004 | Quy Nhon[94] |
6 | 233.0 mm | 9.17 inches | Linda 1997 | Can Tho[209] |
7 | 134.5 mm | 5.30 inches | Pablo 2004 | Thanh Hoa[65] |
[edit] See also
- China tropical cyclone rainfall climatology
- Extratropical cyclone
- List of wettest tropical cyclones in the United States
- Mexico tropical cyclone rainfall climatology
- Tropical cyclone
- Tropical cyclone rainfall climatology
- Tropical cyclone rainfall forecasting
- Tropical cyclogenesis
- United States tropical cyclone rainfall climatology
[edit] References
- ^ a b John L. Guiney (2000). Preliminary Report: Hurricane Lenny - 13 - 23 November 1999. Retrieved on 2008-12-03.
- ^ a b Miles B. Lawrence (1996). Hurricane Luis. Retrieved on 2007-02-24.
- ^ Dale Destin (2008). Tropical Cyclone Report (The Antiguan and Barbudan Experience) Hurricane Omar - October 13 to 18. Retrieved on 2008-12-21.
- ^ a b Richard J. Pasch (2000). Hurricane Jose. Retrieved on 2007-02-24.
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[edit] Related external links
- Camp Perrin, Haiti Rainfall Records
- Hurricane Impacts on Jamaica
- Individual Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Pages for United States
- Individual Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Pages for Puerto Rico/U.S. Virgin Islands
- Major Hydrologic Events in Cuba since 1962
- Maximum 24-hour rainfall totals on Guam 1924-1992
- Maximum amounts in the lower 48 United States by state
- Meteo-France Report on Lenny (1999)
- Mexico's Report on Hurricane Wilma (2005) on their country
- NHC's report on Hurricane Keith (2000)
- NHC's report on Hurricane Lenny (1999)
- NWS Service Assessment for Typhoon Pongsona (2002)
- Pacific ENSO update - 1st quarter 2005
- Typhoon Rainfall Statistics and Forecasting (China)
- United States Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Climatology
- Weather-Rainfall-Cyclones Australia
- World Records for Tropical Cyclone Rainfall
- Deadliest, Costliest, and Most Intense United States Tropical Cyclones From 1851 to 2004
- Are You Ready? Hurricanes