February 12

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February 12 in recent years

2009 (Thursday)

February 12 is the 43rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 322 days remaining until the end of the year (323 in leap years).

[edit] Events

881 – Pope John VIII crowns Charles the Fat, the King of Italy: Emperor
1429 – English forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the Comte de Clermont and John Stuart in the Battle of Rouvray (also known as the Battle of the Herrings).
1502 – Vasco da Gama sets sail from Lisbon, Portugal, on his second voyage to India.
1541 – Santiago, Chile is founded by Pedro de Valdivia.
1554 – A year after claiming the throne of England for nine days, Lady Jane Grey is beheaded for treason.
1689 – The Convention Parliament convenes and declares that the flight to France in 1688 by James II, the last Roman Catholic British monarch, constitutes an abdication.
1700 – The Great Northern War begins in Northern Europe.
1719 – The Onderlinge van 1719 u.a., the oldest existing life insurance company in the Netherlands is founded.
1733 – Englishman James Oglethorpe founds Georgia, the 13th colony of the Thirteen Colonies, and its first city at Savannah (known as Georgia Day).
1771 – Gustav III becomes the King of Sweden.
1816 – The Teatro di San Carlo, the oldest working opera house in Europe, is destroyed by fire.
1817 – An Argentine/Chilean patriotic army, after crossing the Andes, defeats Spanish troops on the Battle of Chacabuco.
1818 – Bernardo O'Higgins signs the Independence of Chile near Concepción.
1825 – The Creek cede the last of their lands in Georgia to the United States government, and migrate west.
1832 – Ecuador annexes the Galápagos Islands.
1855 – Michigan State University is established.
1870 – Women gain the right to vote in the Utah Territory.
1879 – The first artificial ice rink in North America opens at Gilmore's Park in New York City.
1894 – Anarchist Émile Henry hurls a bomb into Paris's Cafe Terminus, killing one and wounding 20.
1909 – The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) is founded.
1912 – Xuantong Emperor of the Manchu Qing dynasty, the last Emperor of China, abdicates.
1912 – The Republic of China adopts the Gregorian calendar.
1914 – In Washington, D.C., the first stone of the Lincoln Memorial is put into place.
1924 – Calvin Coolidge becomes the first President of the United States to deliver a political speech on radio.
1934 – The Austrian Civil War begins.
1934 – The Export-Import Bank of the United States is incorporated.
1934 – In Spain the national council of Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalista is inaugurated. The council decides to merge the movement with the Falange Española.
1946 – World War II: Operation Deadlight ends after scuttling 121 of 154 captured U-boats.
1961 – U.S.S.R. launches Venera 1 towards Venus.
1966 – Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, announced the Six Points in Karachi as the election manifesto of Awami League, that later led to formation of Bangladesh.
1973 – Vietnam War: The first United States prisoners of war are released by the Viet Cong.
1990 – Carmen Lawrence becomes the first female Premier in Australian History when she becomes premier of Western Australia.
1997 – Hwang Jang-yop, secretary in the Workers' Party of Korea and a prime architect of North Korea's Juche doctrine, defects at the South Korean embassy in Beijing along with his aide, Kim Dok-hong.
1999 – President Bill Clinton is acquitted by the United States Senate in his impeachment trial.
2001 – NEAR Shoemaker spacecraft touchdown in the "saddle" region of 433 Eros becoming the first spacecraft to land on an asteroid.
2002 – The trial of former President of Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Slobodan Milošević begins at the United Nations war crimes tribunal in The Hague. He dies four years later before its conclusion.
2002 – US Secretary of Energy makes the decision that Yucca Mountain is suitable to be the site of the United States' nuclear waste repository.
2002 – An Iran Air Tupolev Tu-154 crashes in the mountains outside Khorramabad, Iran while descending for a landing at Khorramabad Airport, killing 119.
2004 – The city of San Francisco, California begins issuing marriage licenses to same-sex couples in response to a directive from Mayor Gavin Newsom.
2006 – A powerful winter storm blankets the Northeastern United States dumping 1 to 2 feet of snow from Washington D.C. to Boston, Massachusetts. The storm dumps a record 26.9 inches of snow in New York City.
2007 – A gunman opens fire in a mall in Salt Lake City, killing 5 people wounding 4 others in the Trolley Square shooting.
2009 – Continental Airlines flight 3407 crashes near Buffalo in the state of New York killing 50 people.

[edit] Births

1074 – Conrad, King of Germany and Italy (d. 1101)
1218 – Kujo Yoritsune, Japanese shogun (d. 1256)
1567 – Thomas Campion, English composer and poet (d. 1620)
1606 – John Winthrop, the Younger, Governor of Connecticut (d. 1676)
1637 – Jan Swammerdam, Dutch biologist (d. 1680)
1663 – Cotton Mather, New England minister (d. 1728)
1665 – Rudolf Jakob Camerarius, German botanist and physician (d. 1721)
1704 – Charles Pinot Duclos, French writer (d. 1772)
1728 – Étienne-Louis Boullée, French architect (d. 1799)
1753 – François-Paul Brueys D'Aigalliers, French admiral (d. 1798)
1768 – Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1835)
1775 – Louisa Adams, First Lady of the United States, wife of John Quincy Adams (d. 1852)
1777 – Friedrich de la Motte Fouqué, German poet (d. 1843)
1777 – Bernard Courtois, French chemist (d. 1838)
1785 – Pierre Louis Dulong, French physicist (d. 1838)
1788 – Carl Reichenbach, German chemist and philosopher (d. 1869)
1791 – Peter Cooper, American Industrialist, inventor and philanthropist (d. 1883)
1794 – Alexander Petrov, Russian chess player (d. 1867)
1804 – Heinrich Lenz, German physicist (d. 1865)
1809 – Charles Darwin, English naturalist (d. 1882)
1809 – Abraham Lincoln, 16th President of the United States (d. 1865)
1828 – George Meredith, English writer (d. 1909)
1843 – John Graham Chambers, English athlete who wrote the Queensberry rules for boxing (d. 1883)
1857 – Bobby Peel, English cricketer (d. 1943)
1861 – Lou Andreas-Salome, Russian-born author (d. 1937)
1865 – Kazimierz Tetmajer, Polish poet and writer (d. 1940)
1870 – Marie Lloyd, English music-hall performer (d. 1922)
1876 – Thubten Gyatso, 13th Dalai Lama (d. 1933)
1880 – John L. Lewis, American labor union leader (d. 1969)
1881 – Anna Pavlova, Russian ballerina (d. 1931)
1884 – Max Beckmann, German artist (d. 1950)
1884 – Marie Vassilieff, Russian artist (d. 1957)
1884 – Johan Laidoner, Estonian military commander (d. 1953)
1885 – Julius Streicher, Nazi German publisher (d. 1946)
1893 – Omar Bradley, American general (d. 1981)
1897 – Vola Vale, American actress (d. 1970)
1898 – Wallace Ford, English-born actor (d. 1966)
1900 – Roger J. Traynor, American judge (d. 1980)
1902 – William Collier, American stage and film actor (d. 1987)
1903 – Chick Hafey, baseball player (d. 1973)
1903 – Joseph F. Biroc, American cinematographer (d. 1996)
1904 – Ted Mack, American television host (d. 1976)
1907 – Clifton C. Edom, American photojournalism educator (d. 1991)
1908 – Jacques Herbrand, French logician and mathematician (d. 1931)
1908 – Jean Effel, French painter and journalist (d. 1982)
1908 – August Neo, Estonian wrestler (d. 1982)
1909 – Sigmund Rascher, German SS doctor (d. 1945)
1911 – Stephen H. Sholes, American recording executive (d. 1968)
1912 – R. F. Delderfield, English author (d. 1972)
1914 – Tex Beneke, American musician and band leader (d. 2000)
1914 – Arvid Pardo, Maltese diplomat, a.k.a "Father of the Law of the Sea Conference" (d. 1999)
1915 – Lorne Greene, Canadian actor (d. 1987)
1916 – Joseph Alioto, Mayor of San Francisco (d. 1998)
1917 – Raizo Matsuno, Japanese politician (d. 2006)
1918 – Julian Schwinger, American physicist, Nobel laureate (d. 1994)
1919 – Forrest Tucker, American actor (d. 1986)
1920 – William Roscoe Estep, Baptist historian and professor (d. 2000)
1920 – Pran, Indian actor
1922 – Hussein bin Dato' Onn, Malaysian Prime Minister
1923 – Franco Zeffirelli, Italian film and opera director and designer
1923 – Chaskel Besser, Orthodox rabbi
1925 – Sir Anthony Berry, British politician (d. 1984)
1926 – Joe Garagiola, American baseball player and announcer
1926 – Charles Van Doren, American quiz show contestant
1930 – Arlen Specter, U.S. Senator from Pennsylvania
1931 – Janwillem van de Wetering, Dutch author
1932 – Axel Jensen, Norwegian author (d. 2003)
1932 – Julian Lincoln Simon, American economist and author (d. 1998)
1934 – Anne Krueger, American economist
1934 – Bill Russell, American basketball player
1934 – Annette Crosbie, Scottish actress
1935 – Gene McDaniels, American singer
1936 – Joe Don Baker, American actor
1936 – Paul Shenar, American actor
1937 – Charles Dumas, American athlete (d. 2004)
1938 – Judy Blume, American author
1938 – Johnny Rutherford, American race car driver
1938 – Peter Temple-Morris, Baron Temple-Morris, British politician
1939 – Ray Manzarek, American keyboardist (The Doors)
1940 – Richard Lynch, American actor
1941 – Naomi Uemura, Japanese adventurer
1942 – Ehud Barak, Prime Minister of Israel
1942 – Pat Dobson, American baseball player (d. 2006)
1944 – Moe Bandy, American singer
1945 – Maud Adams, Swedish actress
1945 – David Friedman, American economist
1946 – Cliff DeYoung, American actor and musician
1946 – Jean Eyeghe Ndong, Prime Minister of Gabon
1946 – Ajda Pekkan, Turkish singer
1947 – Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale, Indian leader of Damdami Taksal (d. 1984)
1948 – Raymond Kurzweil, American inventor and author
1948 – Mike Robitaille, Canadian ice hockey player
1949 – Joaquín Sabina, Spanish singer and songwriter
1950 – Michael Ironside, Canadian actor
1950 – Steve Hackett, English guitarist (Genesis)
1951 – Steven Parent, Manson murder victim (d. 1969)
1952 – Michael McDonald, American musician
1952 – Simon MacCorkindale, British actor
1953 – Joanna Kerns, American actress
1953 – Nabil Shaban, British actor
1953 – Robin Thomas, American actor
1954 – Tzimis Panousis, Greek musician and stand-up comedian
1954 – Philip Zimmermann, American cryptographer
1955 – Arsenio Hall, American actor and talk show host
1955 – Bill Laswell, American bassist and record producer
1955 – Chet Lemon, American baseball player
1956 – Brian Robertson, Scottish musician (Thin Lizzy and Motörhead)
1958 – Grant McLennan, Australian musician (The Go-Betweens) (d. 2006)
1958 – Bobby Smith, Canadian ice hockey player
1959 – Sigrid Thornton, Australian actress
1959 – Larry Nance, American basketball player
1961 – Jim Harris, Canadian politician
1962 – Jimmy Kirkwood, Irish-born field hockey player
1963 – John Michael Higgins, American actor
1963 – Ed Lover, American radio personality
1967 – Chris McKinstry, Canadian computer scientist
1967 – Chitravina N. Ravikiran, Indian composer and musician
1968 – Josh Brolin, American actor
1968 – Grégory Charles, French Canadian singer, dancer, pianist, radio and television host
1968 – Christopher McCandless, American nomad, subject of biography Into the Wild (d. 1992)
1968 – Chynna Phillips, American singer
1968 – Kyle Vincent, American singer/songwriter
1969 – Darren Aronofsky, American director and writer
1969 – Hong Myung-Bo, Korean footballer
1969 – Meja, Swedish singer
1969 – Brad Werenka, Canadian ice hockey player
1970 – Jim Creeggan, Canadian bassist (Barenaked Ladies)
1970 – Judd Winick, writer and artist
1972 – Ajay Naidu, Indian-American actor
1972 – Owen Nolan, Canadian ice hockey player
1973 – Gianni Romme, Dutch speed skater
1973 – Tara Strong, Canadian voice actress
1974 – Toranosuke Takagi, Japanese race car driver
1974 – Fonzworth Bentley, American hip-hop artist
1975 – Scot Pollard, American basketball player
1976 – Anna Benson, American model
1976 – Christian Cullen, New Zealand rugby union footballer
1976 – Silvia Saint, Czech pornographic actress
1977 – Jimmy Conrad, American soccer player
1978 – Brett Hodgson, Australian rugby league footballer
1978 – Gethin Jones, British (Welsh) television presenter
1978 – Silver Meikar, Estonian politician
1979 – Antonio Chatman, American football player
1979 – Jay Chou, Chinese singer, actor and director
1979 – Matt Mauck, American football player
1979 – Jesse Spencer, Australian actor
1980 – Juan Carlos Ferrero, Spanish tennis player
1980 – Sarah Lancaster, American actress
1980 – Christina Ricci, American actress
1982 – Louis Tsatoumas, Greek long jumper
1983 – Carlton Brewster, American football player
1984 – Lolly Badcock, English pornographic actress
1984 – Brad Keselowski, American racing car driver
1984 – Peter Vanderkaay, American swimmer
1985 – Saskia Burmeister, Australian actress
1988 – Greta Salpeter, American singer of the band The Hush Sound
1988 – Nana Eikura, Japanese actress
1991 – Faisal ibn Hamad Al Khalifah, prince of Bahrain (d. 2006)
1993 – Jennifer Stone, American actress

[edit] Deaths

1538 – Albrecht Altdorfer, German painter
1554 – Lord Guilford Dudley, consort of Lady Jane Grey (b. 1536)
1554 – Lady Jane Grey, claimant to the English throne (b. 1537)
1571 – Nicholas Throckmorton, English diplomat and politician (b. 1515)
1590 – François Hotman, French lawyer and writer (b. 1524)
1595 – Archduke Ernest of Austria, Governor of the Spanish Netherlands (b. 1553)
1612 – Christopher Clavius, German astronomer (b. 1538)
1624 – George Heriot, Scottish goldsmith and philanthropist (b. 1563)
1630 – Fynes Moryson, English traveler and writer (b. 1566)
1700 – Aleksei Shein, Russian general and statesman (b. 1662)
1724 – Elkanah Settle, English writer (b. 1648)
1728 – Agostino Steffani, Italian diplomat and composer (b. 1653)
1762 – Laurent Belissen, French composer (b. 1693)
1763 – Pierre de Marivaux, French writer (b. 1688)
1771 – King Adolf Frederick of Sweden (b. 1710)
1789 – Ethan Allen, American patriot (b. 1738)
1799 – Lazzaro Spallanzani, Italian biologist (b. 1729)
1804 – Immanuel Kant, German philosopher (b. 1724)
1834 – Friedrich Schleiermacher, German philosopher (b. 1768)
1894 – Hans von Bülow, German pianist and composer (b. 1830)
1896 – Ambroise Thomas, French opera composer (b. 1811)
1903 – Gaspar Núñez de Arce, Spanish dramatist and statesman (b. 1834)
1915 – Émile Waldteufel, French composer (b. 1837)
1916 – Richard Dedekind, German mathematician (b. 1831)
1929 – Lillie Langtry, British singer and actress (b. 1853)
1931 – Samedbey Mehmandarov, Russian general (b. 1855)
1933 – Henri Duparc, French composer (b. 1848)
1935 – Auguste Escoffier, French chef (b. 1846)
1942 – Grant Wood, American painter (b.1891)
1945 – Antonio Villa-Real, Filipino jurist (b. 1880)
1949 – Hassan al Banna, Egyptian founder of the Muslim Brotherhood (b. 1906)
1951 – Choudhary Rehmat Ali, Pakistani nationalist (b. 1897)
1954 – Dziga Vertov, Russian filmmaker (b. 1896)
1957 – Eric Alfred Knudsen, American folklorist (b. 1872)
1958 – Douglas Hartree, English mathematical physicist (b. 1897)
1970 – Ishman Bracey, American blues musician (b. 1901)
1971 – James C. Penney, American department store founder (b. 1875)
1976 – Sal Mineo, American actor (b. 1939)
1979 – Jean Renoir, French director (b. 1894)
1980 – Muriel Rukeyser, American poet (b. 1913)
1982 – Victor Jory, Canadian actor (b. 1902)
1983 – Eubie Blake, American musician and songwriter (b. 1887)
1984 – Anna Anderson, claimant to the throne of Russia (b. 1896)
1984 – Julio Cortázar, Argentine writer (b. 1914)
1985 – Nicholas Colasanto, American actor (b. 1924)
1989 – Thomas Bernhard, Austrian playwright and novelist (b. 1931)
1991 – Roger Patterson, American death metal bass player (b. 1968)
1992 – Bep van Klaveren, Dutch boxer (b. 1907)
1993 – James Bulger, English murder victim (b. 1990)
1994 – Sue Rodriguez, Canadian assisted suicide advocate (b. 1950)
1995 – Robert Bolt, English writer (b. 1924)
1995 – Philip Taylor Kramer, American musician (Iron Butterfly) (b. 1952)
1996 – Bob Shaw, Northern Irish novelist (b. 1931)
2000 – Screamin' Jay Hawkins, American musician (b. 1929)
2000 – Tom Landry, American football coach (b. 1924)
2000 – Andy Lewis, Australian musician (b. 1967)
2000 – Charles Schulz, American comics author (b. 1922)
2000 – Oliver, American pop singer (b. 1945)
2001 – Kristina Söderbaum, German actress (b. 1912)
2003 – Vali Myers, Australian painter (b. 1930)
2005 – Rafael Vidal, Venezuelan athlete (b. 1964)
2005 – Sammi Smith, American country music singer (b. 1943)
2007 – Peggy Gilbert, American jazz saxophonist and bandleader (b. 1905)
2007 – Randy Stone, American actor and casting director (b. 1958)
2008 – Oscar Brodney, American screenwriter (b. 1907)