Fuad I of Egypt

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Fuad I of Egypt
Sultan of Egypt King of Egypt
Reign	October 9, 1917 – April 28, 1936
Full name	Ahmed Fuad
Born	March 26, 1868
Birthplace	Cairo, Egypt
Died	April 28, 1936 (aged 68)
Place of death	Cairo, Egypt
Predecessor	Husayn Kamil
Successor	Farouk
Consort	Shivakiar Khanum Effendi Nazli Sabri
Offspring	Ismail Fuad Fawkia Farouk Fawzia Faiza Faika Fathiya
Dynasty	Muhammad Ali Dynasty
Father	Isma'il Pasha
Mother	Farial Kadin

Fuad I, born Ahmed Fuad, (Arabic: فؤاد الأول Fu'ād al-Awwal), (March 26, 1868 – April 28, 1936), was the Sultan and later King of Egypt and Sudan, Sovereign of Nubia, Kordofan, and Darfur. The ninth ruler of Egypt and Sudan from the Muhammad Ali dynasty, he became Sultan of Egypt and Sudan in 1917, succeeding his elder brother Sultan Husayn Kamil. He substituted the title of King for Sultan when the United Kingdom formally recognized Egyptian independence in 1922.

Contents 1 Reign 2 Family 3 Marriages 4 Titles 5 Honours 6 See also 7 References 8 External links

[edit] Reign

Fuad struggled with the Wafd party throughout his reign. In 1930, he attempted to strengthen the power of the Crown by abrogating the 1923 constitution and replacing it with a new constitution that limited the role of parliament to advisory status only. Large scale public dissatisfaction compelled him to restore the earlier constitution in 1935.

[edit] Family

Fuad was born in Giza Palace in Cairo, the seventh son of Isma'il Pasha. His mother was Farial Kadin. As a great-grandson of Muhammad Ali Pasha, Fuad was of Albanian descent. He married his first wife in Cairo, May 30, 1895 at the Abbasiya Palace in Cairo, February 14, 1896, H.H. Princess Shivakiar Khanum Effendi (1876-1947). She was his cousin and the only daughter of Field Marshal H.H. Prince Ibrahim Fahmi Ahmad Pasha. They had two children, a son, Ismail Fuad, who died in infancy, and a daughter, Fawkia. Unhappily married, the couple divorced in 1898. During a dispute with the brother of his first wife, Fuad was shot in the throat. He survived, but carried that scar the rest of his life.

Fuad married his second wife at the Bustan Palace, Cairo, May 26, 1919. She was Nazli Sabri (1894-1978), daughter of H.E. Abdu'r-Rahim Pasha Sabri, sometime Minister of Agriculture and Governor of Cairo, by his wife, Tawfika Khanum Sharif. Queen Nazli also was a maternal granddaughter of Major-General H.E. Muhammad Sharif Pasha, sometime Prime Minister and Minister for Foreign Affairs, and a great-granddaughter of Suleiman Pasha, a French officer in Napoleon's army who converted to Islam and reorganized the Egyptian army. The couple had five children, the future Farouk I and four daughters, the Princesses Fawzia (who became Queen Consort of Iran), Faiza, Faika, and Fathiya. As with his first wife, Fuad's relation with his second wife was also stormy. The couple continually fought; Fuad even forbidding Nazli from leaving the palace. When Fuad died, it was said that the triumphant Nazli sold all of his clothes to a local used-clothes market in revenge. Fuad died at the Qubba Palace in Cairo and was buried at the Khedival Mausoleum in the ar-Rifai Mosque in Cairo.

[edit] Marriages

1.Shivakiar Khanum Effendi (1876-1947)

Children

• Ismail Fuad (1896-1896)
• Fawkia (1897-1974), who became the mother-in-law of Gloria Guinness

2.Nazli Sabri (1894-1978)

Children

• Farouk I (1920-1965)
• Fawzia (1921-) (Queen Consort of Iran)
• Faiza (1923-1994)
• Faika (1926-1983)
• Fathiya (1930-1976)

[edit] Titles

• 1868-1917: His Highness Ahmed Fuad Pasha
• 1917-1922: His Highness Fuad I, Sultan of Egypt, Sovereign of Nubia, of the Sudan, of Kordofan and of Darfur
• 1922-1936: His Majesty Fuad I, King of Egypt and of Sudan, Sovereign of Nubia, of Kordofan and of Darfur

[edit] Honours

• Order of Nobility, 1st Class of the Ottoman Empire-1893
• Grand Cross of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus of Italy-1911
• Grand Cross of the Order of the Redeemer of Greece-1912
• Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (GCB)-1917
• Imperial Order of Persia-1919
• Commander Grand Cross of the Order of Vasa of Sweden-1921
• Grand Cross w/Collar of the Order of Charles I of Romania-1921
• Collar of the Order of the Chrysanthemum of Japan-1921
• Knight of the Order of the Most Holy Annunciation of Italy-1922
• Grand Cordon of the Order of the Renaissance of the Hejaz-1922
• Grand Cross of the Order of Aviz of Portugal (GCA)-1923
• Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Netherlands Lion-1925

[edit] See also

• List of rulers of Egypt
• History of Egypt

[edit] References

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[edit] External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Fuad I of Egypt

Fuad I of Egypt House of Muhammad 'Ali Born: March 26 1868 Died: April 28 1936
Regnal titles
Preceded by Hussein Kamel	Sultan of Egypt October 9, 1917 – March 15, 1922	Change of title Egyptian independence
New title Sultanate elevated to kingdom	King of Egypt March 15, 1922 – April 28, 1936	Succeeded by Farouk I