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National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS)Implementation Program: Factsheet
The National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) goes beyond the simple summary counts of eight offenses presently collected under the Federal Bureau of Investigation's (FBI) Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) and represents a more sophisticated system of incident-based data collection that enables state and local jurisdictions to capture detailed offense, offender, victim, property, and arrest data concerning each crime incident. The broader scope of offense and offender characteristics permit the development of policy-relevant findings describing the nature and characteristics of crimes, such as gun assaults, domestic violence, hate crimes, and crimes against children.
In addition to changing the fundamental reporting structure underlying crime and arrest information, NIBRS expands the range of offenses for which data is identified to include 22 crime categories, spanning 46 offenses. This contrasts with the current summary UCR, which captures only general offense and arrest information on the 8 UCR Index offenses (murder, rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, larceny, motor vehicle theft and the recently added arson) and only general characteristics of persons arrested for a limited range of other offenses.
Because NIBRS provides more comprehensive data on a wider range of offenses, it will permit law enforcement executives, analysts, and the public to better understand trends in different types of crime and the harm to victims. Jurisdictions that have implemented incident-level reporting systems are more capable of utilizing crime data for strategic planning, tactical crime analysis, and manpower deployment. This potentially results in more effective utilization of limited resources and implementation of crime control strategies.
BJS/NIBRS
The goal of the
BJS NIBRS grant program was to assist state and local jurisdictions in
developing and/or enhancing record management systems that are compatible
with FBI NIBRS standards and that provide NIBRS compatible data to the
FBI administered national system. The NIBRS program was a partnership
program involving state and local jurisdictions that were undertaken efforts
to meet NIBRS standards and procedures established by the FBI and BJS.
In Fiscal Year (FY)
2000, BJS issued a solicitation requesting applications for funding from
states operating together with local jurisdictions to upgrade NIBRS compatible
systems. BJS received twice as many requests for funds as were available.
BJS combined FY 2000 and FY 2001 NIBRS funds to make a total of approximately
$16 million available for NIBRS. Thirteen million of the $16 million was
for grants, while the remaining $3 million was for technical assistance.
Funds were authorized under the Crime Identification Technology Act (CITA)
of 1998, P.L.105-251.
FY 2000 and FY 2001
funds were also used to support direct technical assistance to the recipients
of grant funds, to convene a conference of local agencies interested and/or
participating in NIBRS compatible collection, to support an interagency
effort under the Office of Justice Programs' Community Mapping, Planning
and Analysis for Safety Strategies (COMPASS) program in which the NIBRS
data serves to support decision making across local agencies in selected
jurisdictions, and to conduct research on the impact of using NIBRS data
for collection of homicide data.
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