University of São Paulo
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Universidade de São Paulo | |
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Motto | Scientia Vinces (Latin) |
Motto in English | Through knowledge you win |
Established | August 11, 1827 (oldest constituent faculty - faculty of law); January 25, 1934 (granted university status as a federation of faculties) |
Type | Public university |
Rector | Suely Vilela Sampaio |
Staff | 5,222 |
Undergraduates | 48,530 (2005) |
Postgraduates | 25,007 (2005) |
Location | São Paulo, São Carlos Ribeirão Preto and other 4 cities, São Paulo, Brazil |
Campus | Urban |
Website | www.usp.br |
The University of São Paulo (Portuguese: Universidade de São Paulo or USP) is one of the three public universities funded by the State of São Paulo.
USP is one of the largest institutions of higher education in Brazil and Latin America, with approximately 75,000 enrolled students. It has eleven campuses, four of them in the City of São Paulo [4] (the main campus is called Campus Armando de Salles Oliveira, with an area of 7,443,770 m²). There are campuses in the cities of Bauru, Lorena, Piracicaba, Pirassununga, Ribeirão Preto and two in São Carlos. USP is involved in teaching, research and university extension in all areas of knowledge.
In 2009, the International Professional Ranking of Higher Education Institutions [1] ranked USP as the 42th in the world, and first in Latin America. USP was also ranked by Webometrics Ranking of World Universities as the 38th best university in the world for quantity and quality of web publication, the best ranking in the Southern Hemisphere. The Times Higher Education 2008 World University Rankings ranks USP as the 196th top university in the world, with a top ranking in Latin America only second to UNAM in Mexico.[2] According to the 2008 Academic Ranking of World Universities, published by the Shanghai Jiaotong University, USP is placed in the group of the 101-151 top world universities.[3] [4]. The QS World University Rankings 2009 ranks USP as the 207th top university in the world [5]
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[edit] History
During the "search for alternatives" period in the 1930s, political centralization and the first attempt to provide Brazil with modern administrative, military and educational institutions took place. The main initiatives included the University of São Paulo, which was created in 1934. Its nucleus was the creation of the Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters, with professors coming from France, Italy, Germany and other European countries. USP also brought together several research and higher-education institutions in the state created before, such as the Faculty of Medicine (Faculdade de Medicina), the Polytechnic School (Escola Politécnica), and the College of Law (Faculdade de Direito). The Polytechnic School includes civil, electrical, mechanical, mining, metallurgical, naval and oceanic, and chemical engineering departments.
[edit] Admissions
Students are admitted by an entrance exam, known as the vestibular (FUVEST), consisting of two steps:
- Part I is composed of 90 multiple-choice questions on Portuguese, English, Chemistry, Mathematics, Physics, Geography, History and Biology.
- Part II is composed of up to 40 write-in, short-answer questions related to each candidate's intended major. Engineering candidates, for example, take Portuguese, Mathematics, Physics, and Chemistry exams, whereas Law-School applicants are required to take Portuguese, History and Geography tests. All candidates, irrespective of their intended course, must take the Portuguese Language and Literature exam, which includes a compulsory written essay.
Moreover, candidates who attended a public school for their entire course of high-school studies get up to 12% bonus on their Part I and Part II scores, arguably, in order to compensate for the generally low quality of Brazilian public basic education.
USP's entrance exam is prepared and administered by FUVEST (University Foundation for Vestibular), subject to regulations approved by the university's Undergraduate Studies Council. In 2006, 142,656 students signed up for Fuvest's vestibular to apply for admission to the University of São Paulo. There were 10,202 openings. One of the most competitive courses was Journalism, with about 45 applicants per opening. In order to pass to Part II, the most difficult course (Medicine) required a grade of 83%. USP is a free university, and students do not have to pay tuition fees.
[edit] Academic career
- Teaching Assistant (Auxiliar de Ensino) - MS-2 (must have a Master's degree and be enrolled in a doctoral program). Undergraduate students can also be teaching assistant for a semester, with scholarship from each department.
- Professor Doctor(Professor Doutor) - MS-3 (must have a doctoral or equivalent degree)
- Associate Professor (Professor Associado) - MS-5 (must have a Livre Docente title; equivalent to the German Habilitation)
- Full Professor(Professor Titular) - MS-6 (top rank, only MS-6 professors are allowed to hold positions such as Dean of a Faculty/School or Rector of the University)
[edit] Race and ancestries
In a survey with students of the University of São Paulo, 76.9% reported to be White, 12.8% Asian, 7% Pardo (brown), 1.2% Black, 0.4% indigenous, and 1.7% did not answer the question.
98.5% of the students were Brazilian born, 0.5% naturalized Brazilians and 1% foreigners. 92.7% of the students hold only a Brazilian citizenship and 7.3% hold a dual-citizenship (56.7% Italian citizenship, 9.3% Portuguese, 8.5% Spanish, 6% German, 4.2% Japanese and 4% American).
Asked if they are "descendants of foreign immigrants", 81% of the students reported "yes", which reflects the majority of the population of the State of São Paulo, which is mostly composed of descendants of 19th and 20th centuries immigrants who went to Brazil. The main reported ancestries were: Italian (30.5%), Portuguese (23%), Spanish (14%), Japanese (8%), German (5.6%), "Brazilian" (4.3%), African (2.8%), Arab (2.4%) and Jew (1.2%) .[6]
One curious fact is that people reported as Asian in the Brazilian census make up only 2% of the population in Greater São Paulo, while in the University of São Paulo they are almost 13% of the students. Also, Whites make up 60.3% of the population, while in the University they are almost 77%. The census reported 30.3% of Pardos (brown) in Greater São Paulo, but they are only 7% of the students and Blacks were 7% in the census, but only 1.2% in the University. [7]
[edit] Notable alumni
[edit] Presidents of Brazil
- Prudente de Morais (1894–1898)
- Campos Sales (1898–1902)
- Rodrigues Alves (1902–1906)
- Afonso Pena (1906–1909)
- Nilo Peçanha (1909–1910)
- Venceslau Brás (1914–1918)
- Delfim Moreira (1918–1919)
- Washington Luís (1926–1930)
- Nereu Ramos (1955–1956)
- Jânio Quadros (1961)
- Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995–2003)
[edit] São Paulo state governors
- José Alves de Cerqueira César (1889–1892)
- Américo Brasiliense de Almeida Melo (1891)
- Bernardino José de Campos Júnior (1896–1902)
- Campos Sales (1896–1897)
- Francisco de Paula Rodrigues Alves (1912–1916)
- Altino Arantes Marques (1916–1920)
- Washington Luís (1920–1924)
- Carlos de Campos (1924–1927)
- Júlio Prestes (1927–1930)
- Armando de Sales Oliveira (1935–1936)
- José Joaquim Cardoso de Melo Neto (1937–1938)
- Lucas Nogueira Garcez (1951–1955)
- Jânio Quadros (1955–1959)
- Carvalho Pinto (1959–1963)
- Abreu Sodré (1967–1971)
- Paulo Maluf (1979–1982)
- André Franco Montoro (1983–1987)
- Mário Covas (1995–2001)
- Cláudio Lembo (2005)
- José Serra (2006–present)
[edit] Politicians
- Aloizio Mercadante - current Brazilian senator (economics degree)
- Antonio Palocci - former Brazil's Finance minister (M.D. degree)
- Fernando Haddad - the current Brazil's Minister of Education (law degree)
- Gilberto Kassab - the current mayor of São Paulo (engineering and economics degree)
- Guido Mantega - the current Brazil's Finance minister (economics degree)
- Rodrigo Augusto da Silva - Senator, Minister and Counselor. He authored and co-signed the Golden Law in 1888.
[edit] Writers
- Alcides Nogueira
- Alphonsus de Guimarães
- Antonio Candido de Mello e Souza
- Augusto de Campos
- Álvares de Azevedo
- Antônio de Alcântara Machado
- Antônio Vicente Seraphim Pietroforte
- Bernardo Guimarães
- Castro Alves
- Décio Pignatari
- Fagundes Varela
- Glauco Mattoso
- Haroldo de Campos
- Hilda Hilst
- Ismail Xavier
- José de Alencar
- José de Mesquita
- Lygia Fagundes Telles
- Manuel Bandeira
- Monteiro Lobato
- Olavo Bilac
- Oswald de Andrade
- Paulo Emílio Salles Gomes
- Raduan Nassar
- Raul Pompéia
[edit] Scientists and physicians
- Aziz Nacib Ab`Saber - geographer, geologist and ecologist
- Adib Domingos Jatene - physician
- Abraão de Morais - physicist
- César Lattes - physicist, co-discoverer of the pi meson
- Drauzio Varella - physician, educator and medical science popularizer
- Ennio Candotti - physicist and scientific leader
- Euryclides de Jesus Zerbini - physician, he did the first heart transplantation in Latin America
- Giuseppe Occhialini - physicist
- Gleb Wataghin - physicist
- Jayme Tiomno - experimental and theoretical nuclear physicist
- José E. Moreira - system software architect for Blue Gene/L, the fastest supercomputer in the world
- José Goldemberg - scientific leader and research scientist
- José Leite Lopes - theoretical physicist
- Mário Schenberg - physicist
- Mayana Zatz - molecular biologist and geneticist
- Miguel Nicolelis - physician and neurobiological researcher
- Oscar Sala - Italian nuclear physicist
- Roberto Salmeron - electrical engineer and experimental nuclear physicist
- Sérgio Henrique Ferreira - physician and pharmacologist, discovered the active principle of a new drug against hypertension
- Warwick Estevam Kerr - geneticist, researcher on the biology and genetics of bees
[edit] Others
- Amyr Klink - sailor and explorer (economics degree)
- Ana Cañas - singer (dramatic arts degree)
- Chico Buarque de Holanda - singer (architecture degree)
- Dan Stulbach - actor (dramatic arts degree)
- Fernando Meirelles - film director, he did City of God [5], The Constant Gardener [6] and Blindness [7] (architecture degree)
- Henrique Meirelles - the current president of the Central Bank of Brazil (engineering degree)
- João Batista Vilanova Artigas - architect (architecture degree)
- José Celso Martinez Corrêa - playwright (law degree)
- Marcelo Tas - actor and writer (engineering degree)
- Matheus Nachtergaele - actor (dramatic arts degree)
- Nelson Pereira dos Santos - filmmaker (law degree)
- Paulo Autran - actor (law degree)
- Sebastião Salgado - photographer and photojournalist (economics degree)
[edit] Notes
- In the 2009 Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities, created by the Higher Education & Accreditation Council of Taiwan, USP was listed in 78th place[8].
- USP was classified in the 35th place, in the 2008 survey of the Professional Ranking of World Universities [8] (this listing is created by MINES ParisTech).
- Computer science students from USP were ranked 47th in the ACM ICPC 2008 World Finals[9]. They were ranked 32nd in the previous year[10].
- Webometrics classified USP as the best university of the set of countries named BRIC [9]
[edit] Global Engineering Study
The "Global Engineering Excellence" will study the importance of technology in the competitiveness of nations. The selected universities are:
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Germany
- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Switzerland
- Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
- Tsinghua University, China
- Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
- University of Tokyo, Japan
[edit] Schools, Faculties and Institutes
School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities
School of Communications and Arts
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- Courses: "Audiovisual" Arts (Film, Animation and TV), Theatre (Acting,Art Education, Directing, Dramaturgy and Scenography), Communications (Journalism, Editing and Publishing, Advertising and Publicity, Public Relations), Library Science, Music (Conducting, Composing, specific musical instrument, Singing), Plastic Arts (Printmaking, Painting, Multimedia and Sculpture), Tourism
School of Physical Education and Sports
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- Courses: Physical Education and Sports Science
School of Nursing
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- Course: Nursing
Ribeirão Preto School of Nursing
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- Course: Nursing
Lorena School of Engineering
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- Courses: Biochemical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Chemical Industrial Engineering, Materials Engineering
São Carlos School of Engineering
Polytechnical School
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- Courses: Environmental Engineering, Civil Engineering, Materials Engineering, Mining Engineering, Production Engineering, Electrical Engineering (Control and Automation, Computer Engineering, Energy and Automation, Electronic Systems, Telecommunications), Mechanical Engineering, Mechatronics, Metallurgical Engineering, Naval Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Materials Engineering, Petroleum Engineering
Luiz de Queiroz School of Agriculture
Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism
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- Courses: Architecture and Urban Planning, Design
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
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- Course: Pharmacy and Biochemistry
Ribeirão Preto Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
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- Course: Pharmacy and Biochemistry
Faculty of Law
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- Course: Law
Faculty of Law of Ribeirão Preto
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- Course: Law
Faculty of Economy, Management and Accounting
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- Courses: (Business Administration), Economics, Accounting, Actuarial Science
Faculty of Economy, Management and Accounting of Ribeirão Preto)
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- Courses: Management (Business Administration), Economics, Accounting
Faculty of Education
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- Course: Pedagogy
Faculty of Philosophy, Letters and Human Sciences
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- Courses: Geography, History, Languages and Literatures (German, Arab, Armenian, Chinese, Spanish, French, Greek, Hebrew, English, Italian, Japanese, Latin, Portuguese, Russian), Linguistics, Philosophy, Social Sciences (Anthropology, Political Science, Sociology)
Faculty of Medicine
Ribeirão Preto Faculty of Medicine
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- Courses: Biosciences (medicine emphasis), Medicine, Biomedical Informatics, Physiotherapy, Speech and Language Therapy, Occupational Therapy
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science
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- Course: Veterinary Medicine
Faculty of Odontology
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- Course: Dentistry
Bauru Faculty of Odontology
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- Courses: Dentistry, Speech and Language Therapy
Ribeirão Preto Faculty of Odontology
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- Course: Dentistry
Faculty of Public Health
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- Courses: Nutrition, Public Health (graduate studies)
Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering
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- Courses: Animal Science, Food Engineering
Institute of Oceonography
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- Course: Oceanography
Institute of Astronomy, Geophysics and Atmospheric Sciences
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- Courses: Astronomy, Geophysics, Meteorology,
Institute of Biosciencies
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- Course: Biology
Institute of Biomedical Sciences
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- Course: Health Sciences
Institute of Mathematics Sciences and Computer Science of São Carlos
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- Courses: Mathematics, Applied Mathematics and Scientific Computing, Computer Science and Informatics
Institute of Physics
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- Course: Physics
Institute of Physics of São Carlos
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- Courses: Physics, Computational physics, Biomolecular sciences, Exact Sciences (Teaching)
Institute of Geosciences
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- Course: Geology, Environment and Geosciences (Teaching)
Institute of Mathematics and Statistics
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- Courses: Applied Mathematics and Computer Mathematics, Mathematics (Bachelor and Teaching), Statistics and Computer Science
Institute os Psychology
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- Course: Psychology
Institute of Chemistry
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- Courses: Chemistry
Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos
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- Courses: Exact Sciences (Teaching), Chemistry
Institute of Foreign Affairs
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- Course: International Relations
[edit] Museums and art galleries
The University of São Paulo has endowed a rich set of museums and important art galleries, most of them located in the central campus in São Paulo, such as:
- Museu de Arte Contemporânea da Universidade de São Paulo (Museum of Contemporary Art)
- Museu Paulista (Historical Museum of São Paulo)
- Museu de Zoologia (Museum of Zoology)
- MAE-USP - Museu de Arqueologia e Etnologia (Museum of Archeology and Etnology)
[edit] References
- ^ International Professional Ranking of Higher Education Institutions
- ^ The Times Higher Education 2008 World University Rankings
- ^ Academic Ranking of World Universities - Top 500 World Universities (101-200)and the first in Latin America. [1]
- ^ Ranking
- ^ [2]
- ^ Universidade de São Paulo - race and ancestries
- ^ (in Portuguese) (PDF) Síntese de Indicadores Sociais 2007. São Paulo, Brazil: IBGE. 2007. ISBN 85-240-3919-1. ftp://ftp.ibge.gov.br/Indicadores_Sociais/Sintese_de_Indicadores_Sociais_2007/Tabelas. Retrieved 2007-07-18.
- ^ 2009 Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities - Higher Education & Accreditation Council of Taiwan[3]
- ^ 2007 ACM-ICPC World Finals 2008
- ^ 2007 ACM-ICPC World Finals Scoreboard - Finals Statistics
[edit] External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: University of São Paulo |
[edit] See also
- State University of Campinas - UNICAMP - WWW page
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - WWW Page
- Brazil University Rankings
- Universities and Higher Education in Brazil
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