Gibson County, Indiana

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Gibson County, Indiana
Map of Indiana highlighting Gibson County
Location in the state of Indiana
Map of the U.S. highlighting Indiana
Indiana's location in the U.S.
Seat Princeton
Largest city Princeton (10,270)
Fort Branch (3,800)
Oakland City (3,102)
Area
 - Total
 - Land
 - Water

526 sq mi (1,362 km²)
522 sq mi (1,342 km²)
4 sq mi (11 km²),
PopulationEst.
 - (2008)
 - Density

42,100
74/sq mi (31/km²)
Founded April 1, 1813
from Knox County
Named for John Gibson
Secretary & Acting Governor of Indiana Territory on 2 occasions.
Congressional district 8th
Time zone Central: UTC-6/-5
Gibson County Courthouse.jpg
The east face of the current Gibson County Courthouse in Princeton, built in 1884.
Website www.gibsoncountyin.org/
Footnotes: Notes on Gibson County, IN
  • County 26 in Indiana's Alphanumeric System
  • Seventh largest county in Indiana
  • Eighth oldest county in Indiana
  • 2010 Age: 197 y/o
  • Oldest Indiana County observing Central Time.
  • Bicentennial - April 1, 2013
  • 250 Years - April 1, 2063

For the county in Tennessee, see Gibson County, TN.

Gibson County (County Number 26) is a county located in the southwestern part of the U.S. state of Indiana. As of 2000, the population was 32,500. The 2005 Annual update puts it at 36,908. The county seat is Princeton.[1]

Contents

[edit] Geography

Gibson County is the northern part of the Evansville, IndianaKentucky Metropolitan Statistical Area and nearly 90% of the county exists within the Ohio River Valley American Viticultural Area along with all of neighboring Posey, Vanderburgh and Warrick Counties and a portion of Pike County[2]. Within the county is the intersection of two major highways, Interstate 64 and US 41, and within a day's drive from Nashville, Louisville, Chicago, St. Louis, Memphis, and Indianapolis in addition to nearby Evansville. Soon, Gibson County will also be home to another major intersection, that of Interstate 64 and Interstate 69, linking the county and Evansville to Indianapolis. Despite being close to Evansville and experiencing a large growth of population in the central areas, Gibson County still remains a largely rural county with half of the ten townships having less than 2,000 people. Out of the county's 526 square miles of area, less than 7% of it is inside a town or city 10% is in a combination of town or city and adjacent subdivision. The western part of the county is occupied by spread-out flood-prone farms with spotty marshes along the Wabash and White Rivers and rolling hills around Owensville and two large forest tracts and two more marshland tracts on and near the property of Gibson Generating Station as well as the three river camps of Crawleyville, East Mount Carmel, and Skelton. The northern part is more hilly than the west with hills located closer to the White River and is most forested part of the county. The eastern part is the most hilly part of the county and is also dotted with strip pits and active coal mines. The southern part is more valley and marsh drained by the Pigeon Creek which flows south through Evansville.

Approximately 90% of Gibson County is part of the Ohio River Valley American Viticultural Area.[3]

[edit] Government

The county government is a constitutional body, and is granted specific powers by the Constitution of Indiana, and by the Indiana Code.

County Council: The county council is the fiscal branch of the county government and controls all the spending and revenue collection in the county. Representatives are elected from county districts. The council members serve four year terms. They are responsible for setting salaries, the annual budget, and special spending. The council also has limited authority to impose local taxes, in the form of an income and property tax that is subject to state level approval, excise taxes, and service taxes.[4][5]

Board of Commissioners: The legislative and executive body of the county is made of a board of commissioners. The commissioners are elected county-wide, in staggered terms, and each serves a four year term. One of the commissioners, typically the most senior, serves as president. The commissioners are charged with executing the acts legislated by the council, the collection of revenue, and managing the day-to-day functions of the county government.[4][5]

Court: The county maintains a small claims court that can handle some civil cases. The judge on the court is elected to a term of four years and must be a member of the Indiana Bar Association. The judge is assisted by a constable who is also elected to terms of four years. In some cases, court decisions can be appealed to the state level circuit court.[5]

County Officials: The county has several other elected offices, including sheriff, coroner, auditor, treasurer, recorder, surveyor and circuit court clerk. Each of these elected officers serve terms of four years and oversee different parts of the county government. Members elected to any county government position are required to declare a party affiliation and be a resident of the county.[5]

Gibson County Elected Officials

Office Official(s)
Sheriff R. Allen Harmon
Prosecutor Robert Krieg
Superior Court Judge Earl Penrod
Circuit Court Judge Jeff Meade
Court Clerk Rebecca Woodburn
County Commissioners Gerald Bledsoe, Bob Townsend, Don Whitehead
County Council Cecil Allen Jr., W. W. George, William McConnell, George Ankenbrand,
Jeremy Overton, D. Craig Pflug, Tony Wolfe
Treasurer Jim Kolb
Auditor Mary Key
Assessor Juanita Beadle
Surveyor Michael Stevenson
Coroner Barrett Doyle

[6]

[edit] History

The first white settler of Gibson County was John Severns. He was a native of Wales and came with his parents to America several years before the Revolutionary War. He settled in Gibson County in 1789-90 on the south bank of the Patoka river at a place now known as Severns bridge. One of the first settlers of Gibson County was William Hargrove, who came from Kentucky by pack mule in 1803. Capt. William Hargrove commanded a company of militia from Gibson County at the Battle of Tippecanoe in 1811.

The Rev. Joseph Milburn, along with his son, Robert Milburn, also arrived in 1803. They settled near Princeton, between the Patoka and White Rivers. The Milburns were from around Washington County, Kentucky. Rev. Milburn, a Baptist, established the first church, while his son, Robert, established the first distillery in Indiana.

In 1805, Jacob Warrick arrived, along with his father-in-law, Thomas Montgomery. They burned out the last Indian village in 1807, chasing the inhabitants into the Illinois Territory. Capt. Jacob Warrick was killed at the Battle of Tippecanoe in 1811.

Gibson County was organized in 1813 out of Knox County. The County was named for John Gibson, an officer in the French and Indian War and the Revolutionary War.[7] Gibson was Secretary of the Indiana Territory, serving as acting Governor on two occasions. Warrick County was organized out of Gibson County almost a month later, the two counties separated by Rector's Base Line. When organized on April 1, 1813, Gibson County occupied everything from the Paoli Base Line to the Wabash River and from the White River to the Ohio River. Rector's Base Line separated the southern half of the county to form Warrick County which was organized on April 30, 1813. Warrick, Orange, Perry, Spencer, Posey, Pike, Dubois, Crawford, and Vanderburgh Counties and part of Lawrence County all came from the roughly 2,000-square-mile (5,200 km2) area occupied the original Gibson County.

Indiana Map of Counties on April 1, 1813.
In 2005, a serious flood of a Wabash River tributary endangered the small settlement of East Mount Carmel.

When the county was organized, Patoka was initially intended to be the county seat. However, Patoka's low-lying location along the Patoka River gave rise to a malaria epidemic; to avoid this, the commissioners chose to establish a new town, eventually known as Princeton on higher ground approximately four miles south. However, although Princeton contends that it was the only county seat, some contend that county records indicate that Owensville was a temporary county seat since Princeton was not even laid out until late 1814, at least a year after Gibson County's organization.

[edit] Recent Disasters

[edit] Late 2004 Snowstorm

In the Holiday Season of 2004, a crippling snowstorm struck. The event was well forecast, but was not forecast to be as heavy. The storm dumped over twice the usual annual snowfall in only three days. The total accumulations from this storm were averaging 20 inches in Gibson County with snow drifts reaching over 4 feet (1.2 m) in spots and some spots of Gibson County receiving as much as 32 inches (0.81 m).[8] This resulted in a very chaotic situation as towns were literally cut off form one another and even basic public services were unable to function. The snowstorm was so intense that Interstate 64 was closed down. The Indiana National Guard was dispatched and many local farmers who knew the area and had vehicles that were not hampered by the snow were also recruited to assist in emergency services for the stranded motorists. This snow storm was so intense that it apparently snowed in Galveston, Texas.

[edit] Flood of Early January 2005

The snowstorm ended just about as fast as it started. By the end of December, 2004, temperatures were above 50 to 60 degrees and the snow that fell began to melt very quickly. The White River at Hazleton got as high as 31 feet (almost high enough to overtake US 41)[9], while the Wabash River at Mount Carmel, Illinois got as high as 33.95 feet (10.35 m).[10] Extreme flooding occurred throughout the county and hundreds of local high school students from many counties assisted the Indiana National Guard in shoring up levees and sandbagging towns. Hazleton was evacuated because its levee was showing signs of fatigue. The effort given by those who participated was enough to for all of the levees to hold. By the end of January, 2005 the rivers had receded enough to allow people to return to their homes. Overall, over 100 homes were lost in the flood, considered the second-worst flood in the area's history after the Flood of 1913.[10]

[edit] April 2008 Earthquake

The 2008 Illinois earthquake was one of the largest earthquakes ever recorded in the state of Illinois, measuring a magnitude of 5.2. It occurred at 4:37:00am CDT (9:37:00 UTC) on April 18 within the Wabash Valley Seismic Zone at a depth of 11.6 km. It was centered near West Salem, Illinois and Mount Carmel, Illinois, specifically 38.450°N, 87.890°W. Because of its proximity, Gibson County was impacted in less than 1 second after the initial quake.

[edit] List of Impacts form the Earthquake

  • A coal mine was also evacuated after the earthquake, but miners returned to work shortly afterwards.[13]
  • The county's 9-1-1 system was briefly knocked offline due to a flood of calls resulting from the earthquake, but after about 15 minutes service was restored.[13]

[edit] Flood of June 2008

Another major flood occurred in June, 2008. Four elements made this flood very much different from the 2008 Flood. First, unlike the previous flood, this was caused by intense rainfall as opposed to intense snowfall. Secondly the source of the 2008 flood was entirely upstream rather in the area [14]. Third and one of the major difference between the 2008 and 2005 floods is that both the Wabash and White Rivers were severely flooded, whereas the 2005 flood was predominately from the White River. The fourth was that unlike the 2005 flood, nearly all of Gibson County's levees held the flood back while many levees upstream were failing, this was due once again to the Indiana National Guard[15].

[edit] Demographics

Gibson County
Population by year

2007 38,974 est
2005 36,904
2000 32,580
1990 30,159
1980 29,233
1970 28,799
1960 28,567
1950 27,777
1940 23,926
1930 19,666
1920 18,061
1910 13,661
1900 11,227
1890 11,156
1880 8,282
1870 7,939
1860 7,855
1850 6,403
1840 6,280
1830 6,192

As of the census[16] of 2000, there were 32,500 people, 12,847 households, and 9,095 families residing in the county. The population density was 66 people per square mile (26/km²). There were 14,125 housing units at an average density of 29 per square mile (11/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 96.46% White, 1.91% Black or African American, 0.19% Native American, 0.52% Asian, 0.22% from other races, and 0.69% from two or more races. 0.70% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 35.4% were of German, 21.9% American, 11.9% English and 10.2% Irish ancestry according to Census 2000.

There were 12,847 households out of which 32.10% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.10% were married couples living together, 9.20% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.20% were non-families. 25.70% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.10% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 2.98.

In the county the population was spread out with 24.80% under the age of 18, 8.40% from 18 to 24, 28.20% from 25 to 44, 23.10% from 45 to 64, and 15.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 95.90 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.40 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $37,515, and the median income for a family was $44,839. Males had a median income of $35,511 versus $21,284 for females. The per capita income for the county was $18,169. About 6.60% of families and 8.20% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.40% of those under age 18 and 7.20% of those age 65 or over.

While the housing markets around the area have been down as much 18% in 2007, Gibson County's home sales were up almost 11% in 2007. Areas that showed the most increases were in the southern part of the county, particularly around Haubstadt and Fort Branch. Owensville and Princeton also have recently seen increases in home sales and/or restorations, but on a somewhat smaller scale, despite the weak housing market.

[edit] Transportation

County roads

Gibson County has over 1,700 miles (2,700 km) of county roads, one of the largest amounts of county-maintained roads outside of an urban county. Like most Indiana counties, Gibson County uses the Indiana county road system to identify its roads. U.S. Route 41 (a north-south road) and State Road 64 (an east-west road) are near the meridian and division lines for the county, respectively.

Major highways

In addition to its county roads, Gibson County is intersected by these highways:

Gibson County's Infrastructure

*Construction is currently underway - See below article.

Interstate 69 - A highway underway

I-69.svg

A section of Interstate 69's construction groundbreaking occurred on July 16 at the Centre in Evansville. This project has its controversy, highlighted by a small group of protesters in attendance.

As of July 15, a section of Indiana State Road 68 has been temporarily closed to through traffic in order to install an interchange. This will be the first in a series of Gibson County Highways temporarily closed in order to construct interchanges as the highway expands northward, toward Pike County on its way to Indianapolis. Other temporary closures will include Indiana State Road 168 and Indiana State Road 64. Some self-proclaimed "environmentalists" have sworn to do everything possible to stop I-69 construction in Southern Indiana.[citation needed] Especially active is a group called Roadblock Earth First which has been responsible for a number of incidents in Oakland City and at a Haubstadt asphalt yard given the contract for the first segment; however, on the other hand, there are many environmentalists[who?] who are highly supportive of this project, as they see the value of constructing additional wetlands, other land improvements, and potential for better air quality due to the new road. Some supporters come from the Indiana Department of Natural Resources and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife who see the advantages of having improved travel to the recently established Patoka River National Wildlife Refuge. One Representative has said they hope to locate a park facility near I-69 and Oakland City.[citation needed] A portion of the first segment opened in late September 2009. It is about 1 mile long, stretching from the I-64/I-164/SR57 intersection to SR 68, which has reopened, but remains under construction to complete the interchange that will continue the road project northward. [17][18]

Railroads
Three railroad lines pass through the county: a north-south line operated by CSX Transportation, and an east-west line operated by Norfolk Southern Railway. They intersect in Princeton. Another north-south line operated by Indiana Southern Railroad intersects with the east-west line operated by Norfolk Southern Railway at Oakland City[19]

[edit] Sports

Gibson County's association to baseball is far-reaching with known Major League Baseball players and announcers such as Gary Denbo, Dave Niehaus, Eric Campbell, and most notably MLB legend Gil Hodges the namesake of Gil Hodges Field, a little league field in Princeton.

Gibson County has recently made is mark on the High School scene with two softball titles by Gibson Southern and a double overtime Boys Basketball State Title by Princeton in 2009, completing a 29-0 Season. In addition there are three State Runner-Up Titles. All of these titles have been acquired since Gibson Southern's Softball Runner-Up Title in 2001.

[edit] Gibson County State & Runner Up Titles

Gibson Southern

State Titles

  • 2003 AAA Softball
  • 2005 AAA Softball

State Runner-Up Titles

  • 2001 AA Softball
  • 2002 AAA Girls Basketball

Princeton Community

State Title

  • 2009 AAA Boys Basketball

Wood Memorial

State Runner-Up

  • 2007 A Girls Basketball

[edit] Gibson County Toyota Teamwork Classic

Since 2000 Eight Gibson County schools and Oakland City University have hosted the Gibson County Toyota Teamwork Classic a 8-team playoff basketball classic tourney in December, sponsored by Toyota Motor Manufacturing Indiana.

[edit] The Alan Hopewell Class Invitational

Another even larger sports gathering is the Alan Hopewell Class Invitational. Started by Gibson Southern Coach and Washington, Indiana native Alan Hopewell in 1981 as the Gibson Southern Cross Country Class Invitational, it's name was changed in 2008 in his honor. Hopewell, who was very active in the invitational for 28 years until 2008 when he was battling cancer, had to let others run the invitational, Alan Hopwell died a week later in September, 2008. The 2009 Invitational featured 20 Cross Country Teams out of the expected 22 Teams and is the largest Cross Country meet in Southern Indiana, drawing cross-country teams from six of the ten Evansville Schools as well as teams from Illinois and for the first time, Kentucky.[20][21]

[edit] 2009 Hopewell Class Invitational Participating Schools

(NS) - No Show

[edit] Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 526 sq mi (1,360 km2). 516 sq mi (1,340 km2) of it is land and 10 sq mi (26 km2) of it (2.06%) is water.

[edit] Adjacent Counties

[edit] Cities and towns

Incorporated Towns (ZIP code)

Unincorporated Towns

Unincorporated Towns (Con't)

* Baldwin Heights exists within the city limits of Princeton. Northbrook Hills now exists within the city limits of Princeton.

The Townships of Gibson County

[edit] Townships

Gibson County consists of ten townships:

2 of these, Wabash and Washington contain no incorporated towns.

[edit] National protected area

[edit] Education

Gibson County's three school districts in their HS primary colors.
East Gibson in Green
North Gibson in Red
South Gibson in Maroon

[edit] Gibson County's three municipal school districts

East Gibson School Corporation - Oakland City:

North Gibson School Corporation - Princeton:

South Gibson School Corporation - Fort Branch:

The eastern wall of Gibson Southern High School, near Fort Branch, Indiana which services several nearby towns.

[edit] Private Education

Gibson County's Private Education consists of four Catholic Schools run by the Roman Catholic Diocese of Evansville and one non-Catholic Christian school. Holy Cross and St. James field basketball teams. Enrollment and Grades are in the 1st parenthesis.[22] Mascot (I/A) is in 2nd parenthesis.

  • Bethel Christian School - Princeton (K-6:112)
  • Holy Cross Catholic School - Fort Branch (K-5:111) (Crusaders)
  • St. James Catholic School - St. James/Haubstadt (K-8:185) (Cougars)
  • St. Joseph Catholic School - Princeton (K-5:185)
  • St.s Peter & Paul Catholic School - Haubstadt (K-5:200)

[edit] Higher education

[edit] Businesses

Toyota Motor Manufacturing Indiana is Princeton's largest employer as well as the Largest employer in the Evansville Area.
Duke Energy's Gibson Generating Station. Although it is the largest coal power plant in the USA, GGS is often still referred to by locals as PSI, in reference to its original and long time owner, Public Service Indiana.

Industry

  • Gibson Generating Station (Coal), Owensville (across IN-64 from East Mount Carmel and across the Wabash River from Mount Carmel, Illinois).
  • Toyota Motor Manufacturing Indiana, Princeton (located almost exactly halfway between Princeton and Fort Branch and largely in Union Township but addressed to Princeton.)
  • Hansen Corporation, Princeton (located on the south side)
  • TISA (Total Interior Systems of America), Princeton (located in the north end of the Industrial Park)
  • Millennium Steel, Princeton (Located Immediately north of Toyota).
  • Vuteq, Princeton (Located at north end of the Industrial Park).
  • Gibson County Quality Assurance, Princeton (Located at the south end of the Industrial Park).
  • Toyota Tsusha, Princeton (Located in the north end of the Industrial Park).
  • Toyota Boshoku, Princeton (Located at north end of the Industrial Park).

Proposed Industry or Industry under construction
(None at this time.)

Broadcast media

Newspapers

Websites

[edit] Recreation

  • Gibson County Fairgrounds - Princeton - site of Indiana's oldest county fair, started in 1852.[24]
  • Azalea Path Arboretum and Botanical Gardens (Located South of Mt Olympus on the Gibson/Pike County Line)
  • Oakland City New Lake - Oakland City
  • Lafayette Park - Princeton
  • Gil Hodges Field - Princeton
  • Camp Carson YMCA Campground - Princeton
  • Haubstadt Old School Park and Old Gym - Haubstadt
  • Tri-State Speedway - Haubstadt
  • Weather Rock Campground - Warrenton
  • Montgomery Park - Owensville
  • REH Center (Old Owensville Gym) - Owensville
  • Gibson Lake - Owensville
  • Marlette Park - Fort Branch
  • Old Gym - Fort Branch
  • City Park of Fort Branch
  • Gibson Southern High School Grounds - Fort Branch
  • Patoka River National Wildlife Refuge and Management Area - Francisco and Oakland City

[edit] External links

[edit] Notes

  1. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. http://www.naco.org/Template.cfm?Section=Find_a_County&Template=/cffiles/counties/usamap.cfm. Retrieved 2008-01-31. 
  2. ^ http://edocket.access.gpo.gov/cfr_2008/aprqtr/pdf/27cfr9.78.pdf
  3. ^ http://edocket.access.gpo.gov/cfr_2008/aprqtr/pdf/27cfr9.78.pdf
  4. ^ a b Indiana Code. "Title 36, Article 2, Section 3". IN.gov. http://www.in.gov/legislative/ic/code/title36/ar2/ch3.html. Retrieved 2008-09-16. 
  5. ^ a b c d Indiana Code. "Title 2, Article 10, Section 2". IN.gov. http://www.in.gov/legislative/ic/code/title3/ar10/ch2.pdf. Retrieved 2008-09-16. 
  6. ^ http://www.naco.org/Template.cfm?Section=Find_a_County&Template=/cffiles/counties/county.cfm&id=18051
  7. ^ De Witt Clinton Goodrich & Charles Richard Tuttle (1875). An Illustrated History of the State of Indiana. Indiana: R. S. Peale & co.. pp. 558. http://books.google.com/books?id=YDIUAAAAYAAJ. 
  8. ^ NWS Paducah, KY
  9. ^ Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service: Indianapolis: White River at Hazleton
  10. ^ a b Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service: Indianapolis: Wabash River at Mount Carmel
  11. ^ "Update: Aftershocks rattle Tri-State Friday". 14 WFIE News. http://www.14wfie.com/global/story.asp?s=8191438. Retrieved 2008-04-19. 
  12. ^ http://www.tristate-media.com/articles/2008/04/21/pdclarion/news/news1.txt
  13. ^ a b "Significant Earthquake Rumbles Early Friday". WRAY Radio. http://www.wrayradio.com/News.html. Retrieved 2008-04-19. 
  14. ^ Precipitation Analysis Pages
  15. ^ http://www.tristate-media.com/articles/2008/06/13/front/photo-mt.txt
  16. ^ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. http://factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved 2008-01-31. 
  17. ^ Invitation-only groundbreaking set for I-69 segment : Local News : Evansville Courier Press
  18. ^ Long-awaited I-69 begins : Local News : Evansville Courier Press
  19. ^ "Indiana Railroad Map". Indiana Department of Transportation. 2006. http://www.in.gov/dot/div/technology/maps/RR-05.pdf. Retrieved 2007-10-14. 
  20. ^ Hopewell Class Invitational draws area's largest field
  21. ^ http://www.courierpress.com/news/2008/sep/05/castle-boys-dominate/
  22. ^ Gibson County Private Schools
  23. ^ http://www.che.state.in.us/meetings/agendas/2008/0811decb2.pdf
  24. ^ The first Indiana State Fair Queen Pageant was held in 1958 when Carol Parks of Montgomery County was crowned

[edit] References

Coordinates: 38°19′N 87°35′W / 38.31°N 87.58°W / 38.31; -87.58