Group of 77

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The Group of 77 at the United Nations is a loose coalition of developing nations, designed to promote its members' collective economic interests and create an enhanced joint negotiating capacity in the United Nations.[1] There were 77 founding members of the organization, but the organization has since expanded to 130 member countries. Practically speaking (as of 2010), the group can be described as comprising all of UN members (along with the Palestinian Authority), none of which is: 1. a CE member (with the exception of Bosnia Herzegovina); nor: 2. an OECD member (with the exception of Chile); nor: 3. a CIS (full) member; nor: 4. a "mini" country (whose population size is under 50,000); nor: 5. Kiribati (whose population size is under 100,000).

The Republic of Yemen holds the Chairmanship in New York for 2010.[2]

The group was founded on June 15, 1964 by the "Joint Declaration of the Seventy-Seven Countries" issued at the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD).[3] The first major meeting was in Algiers in 1967, where the Charter of Algiers was adopted and the basis for permanent institutional structures was begun. There are Chapters of the Group of 77 in Rome (FAO), Vienna (UNIDO), Paris (UNESCO), Nairobi (UNEP) and the Group of 24 in Washington, D.C. (IMF and World Bank).

Contents

[edit] Members

On the map, founding and currently participating members (as of 2008) are shown in dark green, while founding members that have since left the organization are shown in light green. Currently participating members that joined after the foundation of the Group are shown in medium green. Member nations are listed below. The years in parenthesis represent the year/s a country has presided. Countries listed in bold are also members of the G-24. See the official list of G-77 members.

Group of 77 countries

[edit] Current founding members

  1.  Afghanistan
  2.  Algeria (1981–1982, 2009)
  3.  Argentina
  4.  Benin
  5.  Bolivia (1990)
  6.  Brazil
  7.  Burkina Faso
  8.  Cambodia
  9.  Cameroon
  10.  Central African Republic
  11.  Chad
  12.  Chile
  13.  Colombia (1992)
  14.  Democratic Republic of the Congo (Kinshasa)
  15.  Congo (Brazzaville)
  16.  Costa Rica (1996)
  17.  Cuba
  18.  Dominican Republic
  19.  Ecuador
  20.  Egypt (1972–1973, 1984–1985)
  21.  El Salvador
  22.  Ethiopia
  23.  Gabon
  24.  Ghana (1991)
  25.  Guatemala (1987)
  1.  Guinea
  2.  Haiti
  3.  Honduras
  4.  India (1970–1971, 1979–1980)
  5.  Indonesia (1998)
  6.  Iran (2001)
  7.  Iraq
  8.  Jamaica (1977–1978, 2005)
  9.  Jordan
  10.  Kenya
  11.  Kuwait
  12.  Laos
  13.  Lebanon
  14.  Liberia
  15.  Libya
  16.  Madagascar (1975–1976)
  17.  Malaysia (1989)
  18.  Mali
  19.  Mauritania
  20.  Morocco (2003)
  21.  Myanmar
  22.  Nepal
  23.  Nicaragua
  24.  Niger
  25.  Nigeria (2000)
  1.  Pakistan (1976–1977, 1992, 2009)
  2.  Panama
  3.  Paraguay
  4.  Peru (1971–1972)
  5.  Philippines (1995)
  6.  Rwanda
  7.  Saudi Arabia
  8.  Senegal
  9.  Sierra Leone
  10.  Somalia
  11.  Sri Lanka
  12.  Sudan (2009)
  13.  Syria
  14.  Tanzania (1997)
  15.  Thailand
  16.  Togo
  17.  Trinidad and Tobago
  18.  Tunisia (1978–1979, 1988)
  19.  Uganda
  20.  Uruguay
  21.  Venezuela (1980–1981, 2002)
  22.  Vietnam
  23.  Yemen

[edit] Other current members

  1.  Angola
  2.  Antigua and Barbuda (2008)
  3.  Bahamas
  4.  Bahrain
  5.  Bangladesh (1982–1983)
  6.  Barbados
  7.  Belize
  8.  Bhutan
  9.  Bosnia and Herzegovina
  10.  Botswana
  11.  Brunei
  12.  Burundi
  13.  Cape Verde
  14.  China
  15.  Comoros
  16.  Côte d'Ivoire
  17.  Djibouti
  18.  Dominica
  19.  Equatorial Guinea
  1.  Eritrea
  2.  Fiji
  3.  Gambia
  4.  Grenada
  5.  Guinea-Bissau
  6.  Guyana (1999)
  7.  Lesotho
  8.  Malawi
  9.  Maldives
  10.  Marshall Islands
  11.  Mauritius
  12. Federated States of Micronesia Micronesia
  13.  Mongolia
  14.  Mozambique
  15.  Namibia
  16.  North Korea
  17.  Oman
  18.  Palestine
  19.  Papua New Guinea
  1.  Qatar (2004)
  2.  Saint Kitts and Nevis
  3.  Saint Lucia
  4.  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
  5.  Samoa
  6.  São Tomé and Príncipe
  7.  Seychelles
  8.  Singapore
  9.  Solomon Islands
  10.  South Africa (2006)
  11.  Suriname
  12.  Swaziland
  13.  Timor-Leste
  14.  Tonga
  15.  Turkmenistan
  16.  United Arab Emirates
  17.  Vanuatu
  18.  Zambia
  19.  Zimbabwe

[edit] Former members

Presiding countries of the G-77 since 1970. Colors show the number of times a country has held the position. Yellow = once; orange = twice; red = thrice. Countries in grey have yet to hold the position.
  1.  New Zealand signed the original "Joint Declaration of the Developing Countries" in October 1963, but pulled out of the group before the formation of the G-77 in 1964 (it joined the OECD in 1973).
  2.  Mexico was a founding member, but left the Group after joining the OECD in 1994. It had presided over the group in 1973-1974, 1983-1984; however, it is still a member of G-24.
  3.  South Korea was a founding member, but left the Group after joining the OECD in 1996.
  4.  Yugoslavia was a founding member; by the late 1990s it was still listed on the membership list, but it was noted that it "cannot participate in the activities of G-77." It was removed from the list in late 2003.[citation needed] It had presided over the group in 1985–1986. Bosnia and Herzegovina is the only part of former Yugoslavia that is currently in G-77.
  5.  Cyprus was a founding member, but was no longer listed on the official membership list after its accession to the EU in 2004.
  6.  Malta was admitted to the Group in 1976, but was no longer listed on the official membership list after its accession to the EU in 2004.
  7.  Palau joined the Group in 2002, but withdrew in 2004, having decided that it could best pursue its environmental interests through the Alliance of Small Island States.
  8.  Romania was admitted to the Group in 1976, but was no longer listed on the official membership list after its accession to the EU in 2007.

[edit] Group of 24

G-24 countries.     Member nations     Observer nations

The Group of 24 (G-24) is a chapter of the G-77 that was established in 1971 to coordinate the positions of developing countries on international monetary and development finance issues and to ensure that their interests were adequately represented in negotiations on international monetary matters.

The Group of 24, which is officially called the Intergovernmental Group of Twenty-Four on International Monetary Affairs and Development, is not an organ of the IMF, but the IMF provides secretariat services for the Group. Its meetings usually take place twice a year, prior to the IMFC and Development Committee meetings, to enable developing country members to discuss agenda items beforehand.

Although membership in the G-24 is strictly limited to 24 countries, any member of the G-77 can join discussions (Mexico is the only G-24 member that is not a G-77 member, when it left the G-77 without resigning its G-24 membership). China has been a "special invitee" since the Gabon meetings of 1981. Miguel Gustavo Peirano, Argentine Minister of Economy, is the current chairman of the G-24.

[edit] See also

[edit] References

[edit] External links

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