Canal+
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| Canal+ France | |
|---|---|
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| Canal+ logo | |
| Launched | November 4, 1984 |
| Owned by | Vivendi |
| Audience share | 3.5% (June 2010, [1]) |
| Country | France |
| Website | www.canalplus.fr |
| Availability | |
| Terrestrial | |
| SECAM | Normally tuned to 4 in France (partially encrypted) |
| TNT | Channel 4 |
| Satellite | |
| CanalSat | Channel 4 |
| Cable | |
| Numericable | Channel 4 |
| UPC Poland | Channel 444 |
| IPTV | |
| Freebox TV | Channel 4 |
| Neuf | Channel 4 |
| Alice France | Channel 4 |
| DartyBox | Channel 4 |
| Orange TV | Channel 4 |
Canal+ ("Canal Plus", "C+" meaning "Channel Plus/More" in French) is a French premium pay television channel launched in 1984. It is owned by the Canal+ Group, which in turn is owned by Vivendi SA. The channel broadcasts several kinds of programming, mostly encrypted. The un-encrypted programmes can be viewed free of charge on Canal+ and on satellite on Canal+ Clair (Clear).
Canal+ is a supporter of the Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV (HbbTV) initiative (a consortium of broadcasting and Internet industry companies including SES Astra, OpenTV and Institut für Rundfunktechnik) that is promoting and establishing an open European standard for hybrid set-top boxes for the reception of broadcast TV and broadband multimedia applications with a single user interface.
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[edit] History
After the announcement about the launch of the fourth French television channel, Canal+ started broadcasting on November 4, 1984. In 1986, the channel had one million subscribers. It has produced numerous auteur films, including David Lynch's The Straight Story, Mulholland Dr., and Inland Empire.
With the launch of the digital satellite platform Canalsatellite on April 27, 1996, Canal+ received two new sister channels: Canal+ Jaune and Canal+ Bleu.[1] A fourth channel, called Canal+ Vert came along on August 31, 1998. The channels changed their names to Canal+ Décalé, Canal+ Cinéma and Canal+ Sport.
In September 2005, Canal+, Canal+ Cinéma and Canal+ Sport started broadcasting in the French digital terrestrial television network. The free-to-air parts of Canal+ had already been broadcasting for a few months by then. In August 2008, Canal+ started broadcasting the encrypted parts of its main channel in high-definition in the terrestrial network. Canal+ plans to turn off the analogue terrestrial signals by 2010.[2]
An account of the rise of Canal+ and CanalSatellite, and the establishment of the Canal+ Group as a major satellite broadcaster in Europe is given in the book, High Above, which tell the story of the foundation and development of the leading European satellite operator, Astra.
[edit] Les Chaînes Canal+
Les Chaînes Canal+[3] is the brand name used for all the Canal+-branded channels in France. Prior to 2008 it was called Canal+ Le Bouquet.
| Channel | Launched | Notes | Availability | Format | Broadcast Hours | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Terrest. SECAM |
DTT | Satellite, IPTV |
Cable | |||||
| Canal+ P&S | 1984 | Broadcast in Pan and scan. It will stop on 2010 | 4 | No | No | No | 4:3 SDTV | 24 hours |
| Canal+ | 1996 | previously known as Canal+ 16/9 then as Canal+ Hi-Tech | No | 4 | 4 | 4 | 16:9 SDTV | 24 hours |
| Canal+ HD | 2006 | previously known as Canal+ 16/9 then as Canal+ Hi-Tech | No | No | 182 | 354 | 16:9 HDTV | 24 hours |
| Canal+ Cinéma | 1996 | A dedicated movie channel, previously known as Canal+ Jaune | No | 31 | 10 | 402 | 16:9 SDTV | 07:00 - 04:00 |
| Canal+ Sport | 1998 | A sports channel, previously known as Canal+ Vert | No | 32 | 11 | 403 | 16:9 SDTV | 07:00 - 04:00 |
| Canal+ Family | 2007 | A children's channel | No | No | 12 | 405 | 16:9 SDTV | 07:00 - 04:00 |
| Canal+ Décalé | 1996 | Shows repeats of programs shown on Canal+, previously known as Canal+ Bleu | No | No | 13 | 401 | 16:9 SDTV | 07:00 - 04:00 |
Those channels are sold as a package on Satellite and DSL TV. On digital terrestrial television, only Canal+, Canal+ Cinéma and Canal+ Sport are available in widescreen with Dolby Digital surround sound.
[edit] European sister channels
As Canal+ was launched in new markets the brand has been used in several countries. When launching additional channels the channels were usually given colour-coded names, such as Canal+ Blue and Canal+ Green. Many of these subsidiaries have been sold, and as of 2007 only the Spanish and Polish Canal+ were partially owned by French Canal+.
- Canal+ Spain, launched in 1990 by Sogecable as an analogue pay channel, similar to the French version. Now part of the Digital+ alliance.
- Canal+ Flanders, became Canal+ when FilmNet was bought. Later sold and is now known as Prime TV (Telenet, a subsidiary of Liberty Global).
- Canal+ Wallonia, now known as BeTV. It shares many common programs with the French channels. It is owned by VOO, a public telco in Wallonia.
- Canal+ Netherlands, launched as Canal+ after buying the FilmNet channels. In 2006, the channels were the property of Liberty Global Europe and were rebranded as Sport1 and Film1.
- Canal+ Poland, the channel is called Canal+, the satellite platform Cyfra+
- Canal+ Scandinavia, launched as Canal+ in 1997 with the integration of the FilmNet channels. The company was sold and renamed C More Entertainment, although the brand Canal+ was still used. It was purchased by the SBS Broadcasting Group in 2005, which was merged with ProSiebenSat.1 Media in 2007. In 2008, an agreement was made to sell the channels to TV4 Group.
- Tele+ Digitale, the Italian branch sold in 2003 to News Corp. and fused with Stream TV, the direct competitor. Now is called Sky Italia.
- Premiere, a German premium television channel and platform launched in 1990, was founded by Canal+, Bertelsmann and Kirch. A few years later, Canal+ sold its share of Premiere. Now known as Sky Deutschland and is owned by Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation and Primera.
[edit] Programmes
- American TV Shows : 24 (24 heures chrono) ; 30 Rock ; Big Love ; Cold Case ; Damages ; Desperate Housewives ; Dexter ; FlashForward ; Flashpoint ; How I Met Your Mother ; It's Always Sunny In Philadelphia (Philadelphia) ; Mad Men ; Nurse Jackie ; Pushing Daisies ; Royal Pains ; The Daily Show ; The L Word ; The New Adventures of Old Christine (Old Christine) ; The Office ; The Pacific ; The Secret Life of the American Teenager (La Vie Secrète d'une Ado Ordinaire) ; The Shield ; Two and a Half Men (Mon Oncle Charlie) ; Vampire Diaries ; Weeds and United States of Tara.
- These American TV Shows were shown on Canal + : Boomtown ; Rome ; Six Feet Under ; Spin City ; Surface and Will & Grace.
- American animated TV Shows : American Dad! ; Drawn Together ; Family Guy (Les Griffin) ; South Park and The Simpsons (Les Simpson).
- American reality TV Shows : The Simple Life.
- Japanese animated TV Shows : Fullmetal Alchemist ; Monster ; Noir and Samurai Champloo.
- British TV Shows : Skins ; Merlin; Wire in the Blood ; The Office and Spooks (MI-5).
- Irish/Canadian TV Shows : The Tudors (Les Tudors).
- Canadian TV shows : Little Mosque on the Prairie, Life with Derek, Naturally Sadie, Degrassi: The Next Generation.
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Wikinews has related news: Canadian television show to debut in French speaking countries |
- Original French TV Shows : Les Guignols de l'info ; Groland ; H ; Jamel Comedy Club ; Spiral (Engrenages) ; Mafiosa ; Hard ; Djihad ; Pigalle, la Nuit ; La Commune ; Braquo ; Reporters ; Scalp ; Le Grand Journal ; La Matinale ; + Clair ; L'édition spéciale ; Jeudi Investigation ; Canal Football Club ; Dimanche+.
- Kids Shows : Rugrats (Les Razmokets) ; Teletubbies ; KIDS+ and The Cramp Twins.
[edit] References
- ^ "L'historie du Groupe Canal+ de 1983 à nos jours". http://www.canalplusgroup.com/pid163.htm#anch_26. Retrieved 2009-04-03.
- ^ "Canal plans analogue switch-off". broadbandtvnews. April 3, 2009. http://www.broadbandtvnews.com/?p=16260.
- ^ "Les Chaînes Canal+ : Programs for all tastes". http://www.vivendi.com/vivendi/Canal-EN. Retrieved 2009-06-25.
[edit] External links
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