Golden Gate Transit
 |
|
|---|---|
| Parent | Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District |
| Founded | 1 January 1972 |
| Service area | San Francisco Bay Area (San Francsco, Marin, Sonoma, and Contra Costa Counties) |
| Service type | bus service |
| Routes | 49 |
| Hubs | San Rafael: San Rafael Transit Center Santa Rosa: Santa Rosa Transit Mall |
| Stations | Ignacio: Bel Marin Keys Bus Pad, Enfrente & Salvatore Marin City: Donahue & Terners Novato: Redwood & Grant Petaluma: Copeland Street Transit Mall San Anselmo: San Anselmo Hub (Center & Sir Francis Drake) |
| Fleet | 201 buses |
| Daily ridership | 19,615[1] (FY 2009) |
| Web site | goldengatetransit.org |
Golden Gate Transit is a public transportation system in the San Francisco Bay Area in California, United States. It mainly serves Marin and Sonoma Counties, and also provides limited service to San Francisco and Contra Costa County.
Contents |
[edit] Description
Golden Gate Transit is one of three transportation systems owned and operated by the Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District. The other two are the Golden Gate Bridge and Golden Gate Ferry, both of which connect San Francisco to Marin County. Funding for cross-bridge services is partially subsidized by bridge tolls, in addition to the traditional federal and state sources. Bus service within Marin County is provided under contract with Marin Transit.
Golden Gate Transit is constituted as a special district under California State Law, as evidenced by Assembly Bill 584, creating the Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District (District) (GGBHTD). The District [2] consists of 19 directors from six Northern California counties:
- San Francisco (9 Directors) - one Director appointed by the Mayor, 4 Directors are elected members by the Board of Supervisors, and 4 Directors are non-elected public members appointed by the Board of Supervisors.
- Marin (4 Directors) - two Directors are elected members of the Board of Supervisors, 1 Director is an elected member of the Council of Mayors and Councilmembers and is appointed by the Board of Supervisors, and 1 Director is a non-elected public member appointed by the Board of Supervisors.
- Sonoma (3 Directors) - one Director is an elected member of the Board of Supervisors, 1 Director is an elected member of the Council of Mayors and Councilmembers and is appointed by the Board of Supervisors, and 1 Director is a non-elected public member appointed by the Board of Supervisors.
- Napa, Mendocino, and Del Norte (1 Director each) - the director is a non-elected public member appointed by each county's Board of Supervisors.
[edit] History
Golden Gate Transit, along with Golden Gate Ferry, has provided answers to the growing congestion problem on the Golden Gate Bridge, serving as the main arterial route for commuters between the North Bay and the rest of the San Francisco Bay Area, connecting Marin, Sonoma, and other Northern California counties with San Francisco.[3][4]
[edit] Inception (1960s)
The Golden Gate Bridge, operated by the GGBHTD, has seen a huge increase of the number of crossings every year, from just 3.3 million in its opening year (1937) to 28.3 million thirty years later (1967). With an annual increase in traffic within the thirty-year gap averaging 70%, the Bridge was close to reaching the saturation point that the public needed an alternative to the private automobile. As congestion mounted, several studies were undertaken to identify alternate means of travel between Marin County and San Francisco. The "San Francisco-Marin Crossings" report of May 1967 even looked at the possibility of building another bridge. The Marin County Transit District (MCTD) (now Marin Transit), at the time, considered taking over the existing Greyhound system as a commute service to San Francisco. Greyhound provided transit between Marin and San Francisco at the time and it was unprofitable, so management wanted to abandon it. The Golden Gate Bridge and Highway District (District), the operator of the Bridge, also considered adding a second deck to the Bridge. During the time, traffic-relieving measures were implemented, including reversible lanes were inaugurated on the Bridge in 1963, and initiated a very successful one-way toll collection (the first in the world) in 1968 that has been used in other bridges throughout the world; the traffic, however, kept growing.
In the mid-1960s, with the building boom taking place in Marin and Sonoma counties, thousands of commuters were traveling by automobile across the Bridge to San Francisco. As air pollution increased and congestion took its toll on commuters traveling across the Golden Gate Bridge, San Francisco, Marin and Sonoma Counties asked the District to implement a bus transit plan developed by MCTD. The plan called for bus service from neighborhoods in Marin and Sonoma counties to the San Francisco Financial District and Civic Center areas.
[edit] Bus service begins (1969 to 1970s)
By the late 1960s, the Bridge was operating at capacity during the morning commute. Original Bridge construction bonds were due to be retired in 1971, and the District had approximately $22.8 million in reserves. On November 10, 1969, the California State Legislature passed Assembly Bill 584 authorizing the District to develop a transportation facility plan for implementing a mass transportation program in the Golden Gate Corridor. This was to include any and all forms of transit, including ferry. At that time, the word "Transportation" was added to the District's name to indicate its new commitment to public transportation.
The mandate from the legislature was clear: Reduce traffic congestion on the Golden Gate Bridge and in the 101 Corridor. The legislature did not give the District the authority to levy taxes, nor could Bridge tolls support local intracounty transit services. Only intercounty/regional service could be subsidized by Bridge tolls.
On December 10, 1971, Assembly Bill 919 was passed requiring the District to develop a long range transportation program for the corridor. After an extensive public participation program, including 21 public hearings in six counties, a unified system of buses and ferries emerged as the best means to serve the people of Marin and Sonoma counties. The bus system is commonly known today as Golden Gate Transit (GGT) and the ferry system is known as Golden Gate Ferry (GGF). As a result of these efforts, traffic growth across the Bridge has been held to a manageable level.
Bus service began in December 1970 when GGBHTD initiated a shuttle bus service to Sausalito Ferry using five leased Greyhound coaches and four drivers on four bus routes, and it bought 132 newly-purchased buses to start its operations. In the process, in September 1971, the District hired 30 experienced Greyhound drivers to provide the bus services. In December 1971, local Marin County bus service was initiated under contract to Marin County Transit District (MCTD, and the District established Transbay commute service in January 1972, with 152 buses (20 leased) and facilities in Novato and Santa Rosa, and a temporary facility in San Rafael. In 1974, the District opened its bus administration and central maintenance facility in San Rafael.
[edit] System expansion (1980s to 1990s)
With declining ridership due to relocation of San Francisco jobs to the suburbs, the Transbay commute bus service was reduced significantly in 1987. However, with the increase of Marin County-based jobs, in 1990, the District initiated inter-county "commute" service from Sonoma County to Marin County employment centers.
In 1992, the District and the City of San Rafael opened the C. Paul Bettini Transit Center in San Rafael (also called San Rafael Transit Center), GGT’s busiest transit station and transfer point. With the Transit Center's opening, GGT, acting on behalf of the Metropolitan Transportation Commission (MTC), began operation of regional bus service between Marin and Contra Costa counties via the Richmond-San Rafael Bridge in 1993. That same year, the district initiated an Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) intercounty complementary paratransit service through an agreement with Marin County and its paratransit contractor, Whistlestop Wheels.
The District went online in 1997, allowing passengers and visitors to browse through the District's history and updates using their computers. Bus schedules were added to the website in 2004. Also in 1997, the District installed bicycle racks at more than 40 key bus stops, and in 1999, it installed bicycle racks on all GGT buses shorter than 45 feet to allow passengers to ride their bikes while commuting to San Francisco and the East Bay, and within Marin and Sonoma Counties.
[edit] GGT today (2000s to Present)
With falling ridership, two significant reductions in bus service took place in 2003: the first in March, followed by a much more extensive restructuring in November, in which both aimed at low ridership services in response to fiscal emergency. In 2004, the District signed a new 18-month contract with MCTD to provide local bus service within Marin County. This contract exemplified a new stage in local and regional service integration, with MCTD assuming more control over local bus service planning and operation, and in 2006, the contract was extended through FY 2011.
In 2006, GGBHTD installed bicycle racks on all 45-foot GGT buses, allowing more Transbay commuters to ride their bikes to go to and from San Francisco. That same year, the District implemented a new TransLink[5] fare payment system on all bus and ferry services as an initial “pre-launch” test.
With growing concerns over the environment and global warming, in 2008, GGT tested a Zero-Emissions Bus (ZEB) using hydrogen fuel cell power on select Marin County routes. (See article here.) On June 15, 2009, Golden Gate Transit started a new basic service that is similar to the Bus Rapid Transit concept, called Route 101[6] that complements with the existing Route 80, and it currently operates weekdays and Saturdays (except holidays) between San Francisco and Santa Rosa in Sonoma County. For a description of this service, click here.
[edit] Service Area
Golden Gate Transit serves cities and communities in four Bay Area counties: San Francisco, Marin, Sonoma, and Contra Costa.[7]
[edit] Cities, Communities, and Attractions Served
| County | Cities and Communities | Attractions |
|---|---|---|
| Marin County |
|
|
| San Francisco | San Francisco | |
| Sonoma County |
|
[edit] Routes
[edit] Fleet
Historically and up to the present, buses in the Golden Gate Transit fleet, similar to SamTrans and Sound Transit (Seattle) and unlike many other transit agencies, are suburban-style coaches fitted with high-back seats, overhead luggage bins, and reading lights.
[edit] Current fleet
As of June 2010, the GGT active bus fleet[8] consists of 201 lift-equipped (
) buses. All 30-, 35-, 40-, and 60-foot buses have front-mounted bike racks capable of holding 2 or 3 bicycles; all 45-ft. buses have luggage bay bike racks capable of holding 2 bicycles.
Three-position bicycle racks were installed on all Orion and single-door NovaBus RTS buses in 2009. These racks had already been installed on the New Flyer D60LF buses at the time. However, the remaining buses with exterior racks (TMC RTS and two-door NovaBus RTS buses) were not equipped with the new racks due to safety concerns related to headlight visibility.[9]
| Length (feet) | Make and model | Year | Fuel type | Quantity | Number of seats | Floor type | Bicycle capacity† | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 30 | NovaBus RTS | 2001 | Diesel | 4 | 27 | High | 2 |  |
| 35 | New Flyer DE35LF | 2010 | Diesel-electric hybrid | 7 | 29 | Low | 3 |  |
| 40 | Orion Bus Industries V | 2003 | Diesel | 80 | 41 | High | 3 |  |
| TMC RTS | 1991 | 31 | 40 | High | 2 |  |
||
| NovaBus RTS (two doors) | 2000 | 14 | 39 | High | 2 |  |
||
| NovaBus RTS (single door) | 1997 | 3 | 43 | High | 3 |  |
||
| 45 | MCI 102DL3 | 1996, 1997, 1999 | Diesel | 46 | 57 | High | 2 |  |
| MCI D4500 | 2003 | 6 | 57 | High | 2 |  |
||
| 60 (articulated) | New Flyer D60LF | 2007 | Diesel | 10 | 58 | Low | 3 |  |
Note:
- † On all buses with rear doors operated on Routes 40 and 42, two additional bicycles are allowed in the wheelchair securement area on a space-available basis when the existing two or three exterior bike racks (depending on the bus type) are filled.
[edit] Historical fleet
Golden Gate Transit has operated a variety of suburban-style coaches since its inception.[10]
| Make | Year placed in service | Quantity | Number of seats | Wheelchair accessible? (Number of seats) |
Current status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GM "New Look" | 1971/1972 | 132 | 45 | No | Retired; one bus retained for historical purposes |
| GM Advanced Design | 1981 | 16 | 43 | Yes (1) | Retired |
| GM Advanced Design | 1983 | 50 | 41 | Yes (1) | Retired |
| Gillig | 1986 | 4 | 26 | Yes (2) | Retired |
| MCI | 1987 | 21 | 45 | Yes (1) | Retired |
| TMC | 1990 | 48 | 39 | Yes (2) | Retired |
| Flxible | 1994 | 40 | 45 | Yes (2) | Reserve fleet (10), retired (27), for sale (3) |
| NovaBus | 1997 | 7 | 43 | Yes (2) | For sale |
| New Flyer | 2003† | 8 | 62 | Yes (2) | For sale |
Note:
- † These New Flyer buses were purchased used from SamTrans in 2003.
[edit] Fares and transfer policies
[edit] Fares
Golden Gate Transit charges different fares, depending on distance (zones) traveled and method of payment.[11] Fares can be paid with cash, Value Card, or TransLink (now known as Clipper Card).
| Fare category | Number of zones traveled | Cash fare | Discounted fare (Value Card or TransLink/Clipper) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adult | Within San Francisco† or within Sonoma County | US$3.65 | US$3.65 |
| Within 2 zones or East Bay to any point in Marin County or within East Bay | US$4.15 | US$3.32 | |
| Within 3 zones | US$5.05 | US$4.04 | |
| Within 4 zones | US$6.15 | US$4.92 | |
| 5 zones (Southern Marin County to Santa Rosa) | US$7.15 | US$5.72 | |
| 5 zones (San Francisco to Petaluma, Rohnert Park, or Cotati) | US$8.80 | US$7.04 | |
| 6 zones (San Francisco to Santa Rosa) | US$9.70 | US$7.76 | |
| From East Bay to San Francisco or Sonoma County | US$7.65 | US$6.12 | |
| Within Marin County | US$2.00 | US$1.80 | |
| Youth (6 through 18), Senior (65 and over), Disabled (), or Medicare |
Within San Francisco† or within Sonoma County | US$1.80 | No additional discount |
| Within 2 zones or East Bay to any point in Marin County or within East Bay | US$2.05 | ||
| Within 3 zones | US$2.50 | ||
| Within 4 zones | US$3.05 | ||
| 5 zones (Southern Marin County to Santa Rosa) | US$3.55 | ||
| 5 zones (San Francisco to Petaluma, Rohnert Park, or Cotati) | US$4.40 | ||
| 6 zones (San Francisco to Santa Rosa) | US$4.85 | ||
| From East Bay to San Francisco or Sonoma County | US$3.80 | ||
| Within Marin County | US$1.00 | ||
| Children 5 years old and younger (limit 2 per full-fare adult) | All bus routes | Free | Free |
Note:
- † Travel within San Francisco is to/from the Golden Gate Bridge Toll Plaza or the Presidio (Richardson Avenue and Francisco Street) only.
Since June 30, 2010, Golden Gate Transit has stopped selling all Value Cards in favor of Clipper, and these cards will still be accepted on all its fare boxes until July 31, 2010. However, GGT will still sell Marin Transit Local Period Passes ($18 for youth and $36 for adults) for local travel within Marin County (for details on these passes, click here). Both Period Pass and Clipper card users get 20% discounts for adult inter-county travel and travel within the East Bay, and 10% discounts for adult travel within Marin County. No discount is provided to Clipper card users traveling within San Francisco or Sonoma County. Clipper cards are also issued for youths, seniors, and the disabled, but there is no additional discount over the 50% discount offered to cash-paying customers. Passengers must request the appropriate discount fare before inserting Value Cards into the farebox to avoid being charged the regular fare.
[edit] Transfers within the Golden Gate system
Transfers within the Golden Gate system[11] (GGT buses and Golden Gate Ferries) are issued at time of payment, and restrictions apply. TransLink automatically tracks transfers.
Transferring between buses. Transfers are valid for three hours for intra-county travel and four hours for inter-county travel. Transfers may be used up to 3 times to complete a one-way journey. Transfers are issued by the farebox.
Transferring from bus to ferry. Deposit full transbay fare (see ferry fare table here) in the farebox when boarding the bus, and the bus operator will issue a transbay transfer.
Transferring from ferry to bus. Ferry customers wishing to transfer to the bus must use TransLink.
[edit] Transfers between Golden Gate Transit and other agencies
Agreements with various transit agencies exist with Golden Gate Transit.[11]
- AC Transit
- From GGT: Accepts GGT transfers as full payment of local fare for continuing travel on the first AC Transit bus boarded in the East Bay.
- To GGT: Accepts AC Transit transfers for $1.75 adult fare credit ($0.85 youth/disabled/senior) on Routes 40/42.
- Marin Transit Routes 221, 233, and 259 (shuttle service) and Routes 61, 62, and 68 (West Marin Stagecoach)
- From GGT: Accepts GGT transfers for free travel.
- To GGT: Accepts Marin Transit transfers for a $2.00 adult local fare credit ($1.00 youth/disabled/senior) for continuing travel within Marin County.
Note: Marin Transit transfers are not accepted for travel on GGT outside Marin County.
- Petaluma Transit
- From GGT: Accepts GGT transfers for a full local fare credit.
- To GGT: Accepts Petaluma Transit transfers for a $1.00 fare credit for adults ($0.50 for youth, seniors, and persons with disabilities) for continuing travel on GGT. Surrender the transfer to the bus operator to receive the appropriate credit.[12]
- San Francisco MUNI[13]
- From GGT: Adult Translink customers transferring from Golden Gate Transit to Muni receive a $0.50 credit on their Muni Translink fare (excludes Muni Period Passes); youth and disabled Translink customers are not covered by the transfer credit. Cash-paying customers do not receive any transfer discount or credit towards travel on Muni.
- To GGT: Translink Customers transferring from Muni to Golden Gate Transit receive a $0.50 ($0.25 for youth, senior, and disabled) credit on their Golden Gate Translink fare. Cash-paying customers or Muni Pass holders do not receive any transfer discount or credit towards travel on Golden Gate Transit.
- Santa Rosa CityBus
- From GGT: Accepts GGT transfers as local fare only at points where Santa Rosa CityBus and GGT routes intersect (e.g. Santa Rosa Transit Mall).
- To GGT: Accepts Santa Rosa CityBus transfers for a $1.00 fare credit for adults ($0.50 for youth, seniors, and persons with disabilities) for continuing travel on GGT. Surrender the transfer to the bus operator to receive the appropriate credit.[12]
- Sonoma County Transit
- From GGT: Accepts GGT transfers for a local fare credit or first zone fare.
- To GGT: Accepts Sonoma County Transit transfers for a $1.00 fare credit for adults ($0.50 for youth, seniors, and persons with disabilities) for continuing travel on GGT. Surrender the transfer to the bus operator to receive the appropriate credit.[12]
- Vallejo Transit
- From GGT: Accepts GGT transfers at the El Cerrito del Norte BART Station for a $1.00 adult/youth fare credit ($0.50 disabled/senior) for travel to Solano County.
- To GGT: Accepts Vallejo Transit transfers at the El Cerrito del Norte BART Station for a $1.75 adult fare credit ($0.85 youth/disabled/senior).
- WestCAT
- From GGT: Accepts GGT transfers at the El Cerrito del Norte BART Station for a $0.50 adult/youth fare credit ($0.25 disabled/senior) for travel within western Contra Costa County.
- To GGT: Accepts WestCAT transfers at the El Cerrito del Norte BART Station for a $1.75 adult fare credit ($0.85 youth/disabled/senior).
[edit] Intersystem pass programs
GGT participates in three fare programs controlled by Marin Transit:
Value Cards are available in $18 and $36 denominations for travel within Marin County. Value Cards provide 10% discounts for adult travel. Value Cards can be used by youths, seniors, and the disabled, but there is no additional discount over the 50% discount offered to cash-paying customers. Passengers must request the appropriate discount fare before inserting Value Cards into the farebox to avoid being charged the regular fare. The Value Cards are valid on all Marin Transit routes and on the Marin County portions of all GGT routes only. The $18 and $36 Value Cards are not valid for travel outside Marin County.
Day passes are available for unlimited travel within Marin County for 1, 7, or 31 consecutive calendar days. The passes are valid on all Marin Transit routes and on the Marin County portions of all GGT routes only. Day passes are not valid for travel outside Marin County.
| Fare category | 1-day pass | 7-day pass | 31-day pass |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adult | US$5.00 | US$20.00 | US$80.00 |
| Youth (6 through 18) | US$2.50 | US$10.00 | US$40.00 |
| Senior (65 and over), Disabled (), or Medicare |
US$2.50 | US$10.00 | US$25.00 |
Marin Transit Youth Pass ($175 for six months, $325 for one school year) provides unlimited rides on Marin Transit local routes within Marin County only. The pass is not valid on GGT commute or regional basic routes.
[edit] Funding
Golden Gate Transit is different from other key transit agencies, in that its funding is subsidized by tolls collected at the Golden Gate Bridge.[14] According to the mandate presented by Assembly Bill 584 passed by the California State Legislature on November 10, 1969, the Golden Gate Bridge, Highway, and Transportation District (District) has no authority to levy taxes, nor it could fund intra-county bus services; only inter-county service could be subsidized by Bridge tolls.
[edit] Bus garages
Golden Gate Transit operates four bus yards, which provide bus parking and most of which also act as maintenance centers. Buses that pull out from one yard do not necessarily pull in to the same yard at the end of the service day.
[edit] San Rafael (Division 1)
Called D1 by Golden Gate Transit, the San Rafael yard (at 1011 Andersen Drive) is the main bus depot for Golden Gate Transit service and service contracted by Marin Transit. In addition to bus parking and administrative offices, major facilities for bus repairs and reconstruction are provided, including a work shop, motor repair unit, engine rebuild unit, transmission shop, upholstery shop, bus wash, and body component area. This yard operates every day, including holidays.
[edit] Novato (Division 2)
Called D2, the Novato yard (on Golden Gate Place just east of Redwood Blvd.) is a secondary yard with operations primarily on weekdays. This facility includes bus parking, a bus wash, and a repair unit. Like the San Rafael facility, Golden Gate Transit service and service contracted by Marin Transit operates to and from this yard.
[edit] Santa Rosa (Division 3)
Called D3, the Santa Rosa yard (at Piner Road and Industrial Drive) is the sole bus depot for Golden Gate Transit service in Sonoma County. This facility has features similar to D1 and D2 but also has an enclosed passenger waiting area and free park-and-ride lot. D3 is in operation daily, including holidays, and is not a base for any Marin Transit service.
[edit] San Francisco (Division 4)
Called D4, the San Francisco Yard (at 8th and Harrison Streets) is primarily a layover lot for buses serving San Francisco. The facility includes bus parking. No maintenance is performed at this location, and Marin Transit service is not based there. D4 is in operation every day, including holidays.
[edit] Fuel cell bus partnerships
Golden Gate Transit, in partnership with AC Transit and other large bus agencies, is participating in the California Fuel Cell Program sponsored by the California Air Resources Board and the Federal Transit Administration (FTA), in partnership with the Department of Energy (DOE).[15] The partnership involves a demonstration of three (3) fuel-cell powered buses that reduce dependence of gasoline for fuel, and instead use alternative, renewable resources such as hydrogen and fuel cells to power buses. GGT operated a hydrogen fuel cell bus as part of a Zero Emission Bus (ZEB) Demonstration Program for Golden Gate Transit routes operated under contract with Marin Transit from February 19, 2008 to March 31, 2008.[16] The ZEB bus was not equipped with a farebox capable of registering GGT fares, so no fares were collected during the trial period.
[edit] External links
- Golden Gate Ferry
- Golden Gate Organization
- Golden Gate Transit
- Marin Transit
- TransLink - The Bay Area's Smart Card
[edit] References
- ^ Golden Gate Transit: Research Library
- ^ Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District (2007-09-04). "Golden Gate: Board of Directors". Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District. http://goldengate.org/board/members.php. Retrieved 2007-11-12.
- ^ Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District (2008-02-12). "SRTP-Chapter 1". Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District. http://goldengatetransit.org/services/documents/SRTP-Chapter1.pdf. Retrieved 2008-02-22.
- ^ Golden Gate Transit History
- ^ TransLink (2008-02-21). "TransLink Home". TransLink. http://www.translink.org/. Retrieved 2008-02-22.
- ^ servicechanges_jun09
- ^ Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District (2008-11-14). "services". Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District. http://www.goldengatetransit.org/services. Retrieved 2008-11-14.
- ^ Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District (2010-06-21). "June 21, 2010". Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District.
- ^ New Racks
- ^ Golden Gate Transit Fleet
- ^ a b c Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District (2009-06-14). "Golden Gate Bus & Ferry Transit Guide, Summer 2009". Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District.
- ^ a b c Service Changes
- ^ Fares and Transfers
- ^ Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District (2007-06-15). "Golden Gate Transit: History". Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District. http://goldengatetransit.org/researchlibrary/history.php. Retrieved 2007-11-12.
- ^ National Renewable Energy Laboratory (2003-10-29). "fcb_eval_plan1003.pdf". United States Department of Energy. http://www1.eere.energy.gov/hydrogenandfuelcells/tech_validation/pdfs/fcb_eval_plan1003.pdf. Retrieved 2007-11-13.
- ^ Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District (2008-02-13). "zebdebut". Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District. http://goldengate.org/news/transit/zebdebut.php. Retrieved 2008-02-14.
