House of Oldenburg
| Country | Grand Duchy of Oldenburg, Russian Empire, Kingdom of Denmark, Kingdom of Norway, Kingdom of Sweden, Kingdom of Greece, Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg, Duchy of Schleswig-Holstein |
|---|---|
| Titles | |
| Founder | Christian I |
| Final sovereign |
Russia:
Nicholas II of Russia (1894–1917)
Sweden:
Charles XIII of Sweden (1809–1818)
Oldenburg:
Friedrich August II (1900–1918)
Saxe-Lauenburg:
Christian IX (1864)
Schleswig-Holstein:
Christian IX (1864)
Augustenborg:
Albert (1921–1931) |
| Current head | Christoph, Prince of Schleswig-Holstein |
| Founding | 1448 |
| Deposition |
Russia:
February Revolution 1917
Sweden:
1818 (line extinct)
Greece:
Greek military junta of 1967–1974 1973
Oldenburg:
German Revolution of 1918–19 1918
Saxe-Lauenburg:
Second Schleswig War 1864
Schleswig-Holstein:
Second Schleswig War 1864
Augustenborg:
1931 (line extinct) |
| Cadet branches |
The House of Oldenburg is a North German dynasty and one of Europe's most influential Royal Houses with branches that rule or have ruled in Denmark, Russia, Greece, Norway, Schleswig, Holstein, Oldenburg and Sweden. The current Queen of Denmark, the King of Norway and the ex-King of Greece as well as consorts of Spain, Greece and the United Kingdom belong to this House.
It rose to prominence when Count Christian I of Oldenburg was elected King of Denmark in 1448, and of Norway in 1450. The house has occupied the Danish throne ever since.
Marriages of medieval counts of Oldenburg had paved the way for their heirs to become kings of various Scandinavian kingdoms. In 14th century, through marriage with a descendant of King Valdemar I of Sweden and of King Eric IV of Denmark, a claim to Sweden and Denmark was staked, since 1350.
At that time, its competitors were the successors of Margaret I of Denmark. In the 15th century, the Oldenburg heir of that claim married Hedwig of Schauenburg, a descendant of Euphemia of Sweden and Norway and also a descendant of Eric V of Denmark. Since descendants better situated in genealogical charts died out, their son Christian (the abovementioned) became the king of all three kingdoms of the whole Kalmar Union. The House of Mecklenburg was its chief competitor regarding the Northern thrones, and other aspirants included, e.g., the Duke of Lauenburg. Different Oldenburgine branches have reigned in several countries, as this selective chart shows:
- Main line
- Kings of Denmark (1448–1863)
- Kings of Norway (1450–1814)
- Kings of Sweden (1457–1464, 1497–1501 and 1520–1521)
- Dukes of Schleswig and Counts of Holstein (1460–1544)
- Dukes of Schleswig and Holstein ruling only part of the Duchies (1544–1721/1773)
- Dukes of Schleswig (1721–1864) (ruling the entire Duchy)
- Dukes of Holstein (1773–1864) (ruling the entire Duchy)
- Holstein-Gottorp
- Dukes of Holstein-Gottorp (1544–1739)
- Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov (commonly still called Romanov)
- Holstein-Gottorp (Swedish branch), extinct
- Kings of Sweden (1751–1818)
- King of Norway (1814–1818)
- Holstein-Gottorp (Grand ducal branch)
- Dukes, later Grand Dukes of Oldenburg (1773–1918)
- Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg, extinct
- claimant Duke of Schleswig-Holstein in 1863
- Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg
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- A member of this branch by patrilineage is Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, so the House of Oldenburg will also reign agnatically in the Commonwealth realms upon the accession of his male line heirs, where it will, however, continue to be named Windsor unless the succession falls to a cadet branch of Philip's male-line descendants not previously bearing princely styles in which case the reigning branch will be named Mountbatten-Windsor, pursuant to the provisions of a 1960 Order-in-Council.
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[edit] See also
- List of rulers of Oldenburg
- List of consorts of Oldenburg
- List of Rulers of Schleswig-Holstein. Contains more information about the partitions of Schleswig and Holstein
- Coat of arms of Oldenburg
- List of members of the House of Oldenburg
[edit] External links
- The House of Oldenburg - more specific genealogy
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*Dynasty*
House of Oldenburg
(main line) |
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| Preceded by Pfalz-Neumarkt |
King of Denmark 1448–1863 |
Succeeded by House of Glücksburg (cadet branch) |
| Preceded by House of Bonde |
King of Norway 1450–1814 |
Succeeded by House of Holstein-Gottorp (Swedish line) (cadet branch) |
| Vacant
Title last held by
House of Bonde |
King of Sweden 1457–1464 |
Vacant
Title next held by
House of Bonde |
| Preceded by House of Schaumburg |
Duke of Schleswig 1460–1474 |
Succeeded by House of Oldenburg, (as Dukes of Schleswig and Holstein) |
| Count of Holstein 1460–1474 |
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| Preceded by House of Schaumburg |
Duke of Schleswig and Holstein 1474–1544 |
Succeeded by House of Oldenburg, (as Dukes of Schleswig and Holstein) |
| Succeeded by House of Holstein-Gottorp (cadet branch), (as Dukes of Holstein-Gottorp) |
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| Vacant
Title last held by
House of Bonde |
King of Sweden 1497–1501 |
Vacant
Title next held by
House of Oldenburg |
| Preceded by House of Oldenburg, (as Dukes of Schleswig and Counts of Holstein) |
Duke of Schleswig and Holstein 1544–1864 |
Duchies annexed and made parts of Prussia in 1866 |
| Vacant
Title last held by
House of Oldenburg |
King of Sweden 1520–1521 |
Vacant
Title next held by
House of Vasa |
| Vacant
Title last held by
House of Hanover |
Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg 1814–1864 |
Vacant
Title next held by
House of Hohenzollern(1865 pers. union, 1876 real union with Prussia) |
