List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Oceania
This is a list of sovereign states and dependent territories in Oceania. Although it is mostly ocean and spans many continental plates, Oceania is often defined as a continent. This list follows the boundaries of geopolitical Oceania, which includes Melanesia, Micronesia, Polynesia, and Australasia. The main continental landmass of Oceania is Australia,[1] with the second largest being Zealandia.
The division between Asia and Oceania is not clearly defined. The Malay Archipelago is sometimes included in a wider geographical definition of Oceania.{[cn}} By two other common divisions, due to the cultural Melanesian line and the ecological Wallace Line, the eastern half of Indonesia and East Timor are sometimes considered to be part of Oceania while the rest of the archipelago is in Asia.[citation needed] For political reasons, the United Nations considers the border is between the two regions to be the Indonesian–Papua New Guineaian border.[2] Papua New Guinea is occasionally considered Asian due to its virtue of neighbouring Indonesia, but this is rare, and it is generally accepted to be part of Oceania. If the entire Malay archipelago is included as part of Oceania, then Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, Indonesia, the Philippines, and East Timor are also included.
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[edit] Sovereign states
A sovereign state is a political association with effective sovereignty over a population for whom it makes decisions in the national interest.[3] According to the Montevideo convention, a state must have a permanent population, a defined territory, a government, and the capacity to enter into relations with other states.[4] The following states are all members of the United Nations.[5] All are members of the Pacific Islands Forum,[6] although Fiji is suspended.[7]
Flag | Map | English short and formal names [8][9][10] |
Domestic short and formal names[8][9] | Capital [10][11][12] |
Population [13] |
Area [14] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Australia[note 1] Commonwealth of Australia |
English: Australia — Commonwealth of Australia | Canberra English: Canberra |
21,766,711 | 7,741,220 km2 (2,988,902 sq mi) | ||
Fiji Republic of Fiji |
English: Fiji —Republic of Fiji Fijian: Viti — Matanitu ko Viti |
Suva English: Suva Fijian: Suva |
883,125 | 18,274 km2 (7,056 sq mi) | ||
Kiribati Republic of Kiribati |
English: Kiribati — Republic of Kiribati Gilbertese: Kiribati — Ribaberiki Kiribati |
Tarawa English: Tarawa Bairiki English: Bairiki |
100,743 | 811 km2 (313 sq mi) | ||
Marshall Islands Republic of the Marshall Islands |
English: Marshall Islands — Republic of the Marshall Islands Marshallese: Aelōn in ̄ Maje ̧ļ |
Majuro English: Majuro |
67,182 | 181 km2 (70 sq mi) | ||
Federated States of Micronesia / Micronesia | English: Federated States of Micronesia | Palikir English: Palikir |
106,836 | 702 km2 (271 sq mi) | ||
Nauru Republic of Nauru |
English: Nauru — Republic of Nauru Nauruan: Naoero |
No official Capital
Government offices are in Yaren |
9,322 | 21 km2 (8 sq mi) | ||
New Zealand[note 2] | English: New Zealand Māori: Aotearoa |
Wellington English: Wellington |
4,290,347 | 267,710 km2 (103,363 sq mi) | ||
Palau Republic of Palau |
English: Palau — Republic of Palau Palauan: Belau — Beluu er a Belau |
Melekeok English: Melekeok Palauan: Melekeok |
20,956 | 459 km2 (177 sq mi) | ||
Papua New Guinea Independent State of Papua New Guinea |
English: Papua New Guinea — Independent State of Papua New Guinea Tok Pisin: Papua Niugini — Independen Stet bilong Papua Niugini |
Port Moresby English: Port Moresby |
6,187,591 | 462,840 km2 (178,704 sq mi) | ||
Samoa Independent State of Samoa |
English: Samoa — Independent State of Samoa Samoan: Samoa — Malo Sa‘oloto Tuto'atasi o Samoa |
Apia English: Apia Samoan: Apia |
193,161 | 2,831 km2 (1,093 sq mi) | ||
Solomon Islands | English: Solomon Islands | Honiara English: Honiara |
571,890 | 28,896 km2 (11,157 sq mi) | ||
Tonga Kingdom of Tonga |
English: Tonga — Kingdom of Tonga Tongan: Tonga — Pule'anga Tonga |
Nukuʻalofa English: Nuku'alofa Tongan: Nuku'alofa |
105,916 | 747 km2 (288 sq mi) | ||
Tuvalu | English: Tuvalu Tuvaluan: Tuvalu |
Funafuti English: Funafuti |
10,544 | 26 km2 (10 sq mi) | ||
Vanuatu Republic of Vanuatu |
Bislama: Vanuatu — Ripablik blong Vanuatu English: Vanuatu — Republic of Vanuatu French: Vanuatu — République de Vanuatu |
Port Vila Bislama: Port Vila English: Port Vila French: Port-Vila |
224,564 | 12,189 km2 (4,706 sq mi) |
[edit] Non-sovereign territories
The following are external territories considered to be within Oceania but are not considered sovereign states. It includes various political and administrative divisions, as well as dependencies.
[edit] Dependent territories and other territories
Flag | Map | English short and formal names[8] | Status | Domestic short and formal names | Capital | Population | Area[14] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
American Samoa Territory of American Samoa[10] |
Insular area of the United States | English: American Samoa — Territory of American Samoa Samoan: Amerika Sāmoa |
Pago Pago[10][11] | 67,242[13] | 199 km2 (77 sq mi) | ||
Ashmore and Cartier Islands Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands |
Territory of Australia | English: Ashmore and Cartier Islands | Uninhabited | Uninhabited | 5 km2 (2 sq mi) | ||
Baker Island | United States Minor Outlying Island | English: Baker Island | Uninhabited | Uninhabited | 129.1 km2 (49.8 sq mi) | ||
Clipperton Island[note 3] | French state private property | French: Île Clipperton[8] | Uninhabited | Uninhabited | 6 km2 (2 sq mi) | ||
Cook Islands[10] | Self-governing state in free association with New Zealand | English: Cook Islands Cook Islands Māori: Kūki 'Āirani |
Avarua[10][11] | 11,124[13] | 236 km2 (91 sq mi) | ||
Coral Sea Islands Coral Sea Islands Territory |
Territory of Australia | English: Coral Sea Islands — Coral Sea Islands Territory | Uninhabited | Uninhabited | < 3 km2 (1 sq mi) | ||
French Polynesia Overseas Lands of French Polynesia[10] |
Overseas country of France | French: Polynésie française — Pays d'outre-mer de la Polynesie Francaise [8] | Papeete[10][11] | 294,935[13] | 4,167 km2 (1,609 sq mi) | ||
Guam Territory of Guam |
Insular area of the United States | English: Guam — Territory of Guam Chamorro: Guahan[8] |
Hagåtña / Agaña[10][11] | 183,286[15] | 544 km2 (210 sq mi) | ||
Howland Island | United States Minor Outlying Island | English: Howland Island | Uninhabited | Uninhabited | 138.6 km2 (53.5 sq mi) | ||
Jarvis Island | United States Minor Outlying Island | English: Jarvis Island | Uninhabited | Uninhabited | 152 km2 (59 sq mi) | ||
Johnston Atoll | United States Minor Outlying Island | English: Johnston Atoll | Uninhabited | Uninhabited | 276.6 km2 (106.8 sq mi) | ||
Kingman Reef | United States Minor Outlying Island | English: Kingman Reef | Uninhabited | Uninhabited | 1,958.01 km2 (755.99 sq mi) | ||
Midway Islands | United States Minor Outlying Island | English: Midway Islands | Uninhabited | Uninhabited | 2,355.2 km2 (909.3 sq mi) | ||
New Caledonia Territory of New Caledonia and Dependencies |
Sui generis collectivity of France[10] | French: Nouvelle-Calédonie — Territoire des Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances[8] | Nouméa[10][11] | 256,275[13] | 18,575 km2 (7,172 sq mi) | ||
Niue[10] | Self-governing state in free association with New Zealand | Niuean: Niuē English: Niue |
Alofi[10][11] | 1,311[13] | 260 km2 (100 sq mi) | ||
Norfolk Island Territory of Norfolk Island[10] |
Self-governing integral Territory of Australia | English: Norfolk Island — Territory of Norfolk Island Norfuk: Norfuk Ailen |
Kingston[10][11] | 2,169[13] | 36 km2 (14 sq mi) | ||
Northern Mariana Islands Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands[10] |
Insular area of the United States | English: Northern Mariana Islands — Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands Chamorro: Islas Mariånas — Sankattan Siha Na Islas Mariånas |
Saipan[10][11] | 46,050[13] | 464 km2 (179 sq mi) | ||
Pitcairn Islands Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie, and Oeno Islands |
British overseas territory | English: Pitcairn Islands — Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie and Oeno Islands | Adamstown[10][11] | 48[13] | 47 km2 (18 sq mi) | ||
Tokelau[10] | Dependent territory of New Zealand | Tokelauan: Tokelau English: Tokelau |
Each Atoll has its own administrative centre[10][11] | 1,384[13] | 12 km2 (5 sq mi) | ||
Wake Island | United States Minor Outlying Island | English: Wake Island | None | 150[13] | 6.5 km2 (2.5 sq mi) | ||
Wallis and Futuna Territory of the Wallis and Futuna Islands |
Overseas collectivity of France | French: Wallis et Futuna — Territoire des Iles Wallis et Futuna[8] | Mata-Utu[10][11] | 15,398[13] | 142 km2 (55 sq mi) |
[edit] Other territories
The following are incorporated parts of a non-Oceanian state.
Flag | Map | English short and formal names | Status | Domestic short and formal names | Capital |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Easter Island | Special territory of Chile | Spanish: Isla de Pascua Rapa Nui: Rapa Nui |
Hanga Roa | ||
Hawaii State of Hawaii |
State of the USA | English: Hawaii — State of Hawaii Hawaiian: Hawaiʻi — Mokuʻāina o Hawaiʻi |
Honolulu | ||
Juan Fernández Islands | Special territory of Chile | Spanish: Archipiélago Juan Fernández | San Juan Bautista | ||
Marcus Island | Part of Ogasawara village in Tokyo, Japan | Japanese: 南鳥島 (Minamitorishima) | Uninhabited | ||
Okinotori Islands | Part of Ogasawara village in Tokyo, Japan | Japanese: 沖ノ鳥島 Okinotorishima | Uninhabited | ||
Palmyra Atoll[8] | United States Minor Outlying Island | English: Palmyra Atoll | Uninhabited | ||
Papua | Province of Indonesia | Indonesian: Papua | Jayapura | ||
West Papua | Province of Indonesia | Indonesian: Papua Barat | Manokwari |
[edit] Notes
- ^ Australia contains 4 external territories not associated with Oceania, the Cocos (Keeling) Islands and Christmas Island in Asia, and the Heard and McDonald Islands and the claimed Australian Antarctic Territory in the Antarctic.
- ^ New Zealand also claims territory in the Antarctic as the Ross Dependency.
- ^ Clipperton Island is often associated with North America.
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ http://www.dfat.gov.au/aib/island_continent.html
- ^ http://www.endpoverty2015.org/en/asia/news/marcos-diaz-crosses-oceania-asia-border-raise-awareness-mdgs/13/may/10
- ^ Ashley, Richard K (1 June 1988). "Untying the Sovereign State: A Double Reading of the Anarchy Problematique". Millennium - Journal of International Studies (Sage Journals Online) 17 (2): 227–262. DOI:10.1177/03058298880170020901. http://mil.sagepub.com/content/17/2/227.short. Retrieved 15 February 2012.
- ^ "Montevideo Convention on the Rights and Duties of States". Council on Foreign Relations. 26 December 1933. http://www.cfr.org/sovereignty/montevideo-convention-rights-duties-states/p15897. Retrieved 15 February 2012.
- ^ "United Nations Member States". United Nations. http://www.un.org/en/members/. Retrieved 15 February 2012.
- ^ "Member Countries". Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat. http://www.forumsec.org/pages.cfm/about-us/member-countries/. Retrieved 15 February 2012.
- ^ "Forum Chair on suspension of Fiji military regime from PIF". Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat. 2 May 2009. http://www.forumsec.org/pages.cfm/newsroom/press-statements/2009/forum-chair-on-suspension-of-fiji-military-regime-from-pif.html. Retrieved 15 February 2012.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Field Listing :: Names". CIA. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2142.html. Retrieved 15 August 2011.
- ^ a b "UNGEGN List of Country Names". United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names. 2007. http://unstats.un.org/unsd/geoinfo/UNGEGN/docs/9th-uncsgn-docs/UNGEGN%20WG%20Country%20Names%20Document%20-%20August%202009.pdf. Retrieved 15 August 2011.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u "List of countries, territories and currencies". Europa. 9 August 2011. http://publications.europa.eu/code/en/en-5000500.htm. Retrieved 23 August 2011.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Field Listing :: Capital". CIA. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2057.html. Retrieved 23 August 2011.
- ^ "UNGEGN World Geographical Names". United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names. 29 July 2011. http://unstats.un.org/unsd/geoinfo/geonames/. Retrieved 23 August 2011.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Country Comparison :: Population". CIA. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html. Retrieved 23 August 2011.
- ^ a b "Field Listing :: Area". CIA. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2147.html. Retrieved 23 August 2011.
- ^ "Guam". CIA. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gq.html. Retrieved 23 August 2011.
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