October 25 is the 298th day of the year (299th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 67 days remaining until the end of the year.
[edit] Events
- 473 – Emperor Leo I acclaims his grandson Leo II as Caesar of the Byzantine Empire.
- 1147 – The Portuguese, under Afonso I, and Crusaders from England and Flanders conquer Lisbon after a four-month siege.
- 1147 – Seljuk Turks completely annihilate German crusaders under Conrad III at the Battle of Dorylaeum.
- 1415 – The army of Henry V of England defeats the French at the Battle of Agincourt.
- 1616 – Dutch sea-captain Dirk Hartog makes second recorded landfall by a European on Australian soil, at the later-named Dirk Hartog Island off the West Australian coast.
- 1747 – British fleet under Admiral Sir Edward Hawke defeats the French at the second battle of Cape Finisterre.
- 1760 – George III becomes King of Great Britain.
- 1812 – War of 1812: The American frigate, USS United States, commanded by Stephen Decatur, captures the British frigate HMS Macedonian.
- 1828 – The St Katharine Docks opened in London.
- 1854 – The Battle of Balaklava during the Crimean War (Charge of the Light Brigade).
- 1861 – The Toronto Stock Exchange is created.
- 1900 – The United Kingdom annexes the Transvaal.
- 1917 – Traditionally understood date of the October Revolution, involving the capture of the Winter Palace, Petrograd, Russia. The date refers to the Julian Calendar date, and corresponds with November 7 in the Gregorian calendar.
- 1920 – After 74 days on Hunger Strike in Brixton Prison, England, the Sinn Féin Lord Mayor of Cork, Terence MacSwiney died.
- 1924 – The forged Zinoviev Letter is published in the Daily Mail, wrecking the British Labour Party's hopes of re-election.
- 1938 – The Archbishop of Dubuque, Francis J. L. Beckman, denounces swing music as "a degenerated musical system... turned loose to gnaw away at the moral fiber of young people", warning that it leads down a "primrose path to hell". His warning is widely ignored.
- 1940 – Benjamin O. Davis, Sr. is named the first African American general in the United States Army.
- 1944 – Heinrich Himmler orders a crackdown on the Edelweiss Pirates, a loosely organized youth culture in Nazi Germany that had assisted army deserters and others to hide from the Third Reich.
- 1944 – The USS Tang under Richard O'Kane (the top American submarine captain of World War II) is sunk by the ship's own malfunctioning torpedo.
- 1944 – The Romanian Army liberates Carei, the last Romanian city under Nazi-Hungarian occupation.
- 1944 – Battle of Leyte Gulf, the largest naval battle in history, takes place in and around the Philippines between the Imperial Japanese Navy and the U.S. Third and U.S. Seventh Fleets.
- 1945 – The Republic of China takes over administration of Taiwan following Japan's surrender to the Allies.
- 1962 – Cuban missile crisis: Adlai Stevenson shows photos at the UN proving Soviet missiles are installed in Cuba.
- 1962 – Uganda joins the United Nations.
- 1962 – Nelson Mandela is sentenced to five years in prison.
- 1971 – The United Nations seated the People's Republic of China and expelled the Republic of China (see political status of Taiwan and China and the United Nations)
- 1977 – Digital Equipment Corporation releases OpenVMS V1.0.
- 1980 – Proceedings on the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction conclude at The Hague.
- 1983 – Operation Urgent Fury: The United States and its Caribbean allies invade Grenada, six days after Prime Minister Maurice Bishop and several of his supporters are executed in a coup d'état.
- 1991 – History of Slovenia: Three months after the end of the Ten-Day War, the last soldier of the Yugoslav People's Army leaves the territory of the Republic of Slovenia.
- 1995 – A commuter train slams into a school bus in Fox River Grove, Illinois, killing seven students.
- 1997 – After a brief civil war which has driven President Pascal Lissouba out of Brazzaville, Denis Sassou-Nguesso proclaims himself the President of the Republic of the Congo.
- 2004 – Fidel Castro, Cuba's President, announces that transactions using the American Dollar will be banned.
- 2009 – The 25 October 2009 Baghdad bombings kills 155 and wounds at least 721.
[edit] Births
- 1102 – William Clito, English son of Sybilla of Conversano (d. 1128)
- 1330 – Louis II, Count of Flanders (d. 1384)
- 1510 – Renée of France (d. 1574)
- 1683 – Charles FitzRoy, 2nd Duke of Grafton, English-Irish politician (d. 1757)
- 1709 – Georg Gebel, German organist and composer (d. 1753)
- 1759 – Maria Feodorovna, Russian wife of Paul I of Russia (d. 1828)
- 1759 – William Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1834)
- 1767 – Benjamin Constant, Swiss-French politician and author (d. 1830)
- 1772 – Geraud Duroc, French general (d. 1813)
- 1782 – Levi Lincoln, Jr., American politician, 13th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1868)
- 1800 – Thomas Babington Macaulay, 1st Baron Macaulay, English poet, historian, and politician (d. 1859)
- 1802 – Joseph Montferrand, Canadian logger and strongman (d. 1864)
- 1806 – Max Stirner, German philosopher (d. 1856)
- 1811 – Évariste Galois, French mathematician (d. 1832)
- 1825 – Johann Strauss II, Austrian composer (d. 1899)
- 1838 – Georges Bizet, French composer (d. 1875)
- 1856 – Dragutin Gorjanović-Kramberger, Croatian geologist, paleontologist, and archeologist (d. 1936)
- 1864 – John Francis Dodge, American businessman, co-founded the Dodge Company (d. 1920)
- 1864 – Alexander Gretchaninov, Russian composer (d. 1956)
- 1867 – Józef Dowbor-Muśnicki, Polish general (d. 1937)
- 1868 – Dan Burke, American baseball player (d. 1933)
- 1877 – Adolf Möller, German rower (d. 1968)
- 1881 – Julius Frey, German swimmer (d. 1960)
- 1881 – Pablo Picasso, Spanish painter and sculptor (d. 1973)
- 1882 – John T. Flynn, American journalist and author (d. 1964)
- 1886 – Leo G. Carroll, English actor (d. 1972)
- 1888 – Richard E. Byrd, American navy officer (d. 1957)
- 1888 – Nils von Dardel, Swedish painter (d. 1943)
- 1889 – Abel Gance, French director (d. 1981)
- 1889 – Smoky Joe Wood, American baseball player (d. 1985)
- 1891 – Charles Coughlin, Canadian-American priest and broadcaster (d. 1979)
- 1892 – Nell Shipman, Canadian actress, screenwriter, and producer (d. 1970)
- 1894 – Âşık Veysel Şatıroğlu, Turkish poet (d. 1973)
- 1895 – Levi Eshkol, Israeli politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Israel (d. 1969)
- 1900 – Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti, Nigerian activist (d. 1978)
- 1902 – Henry Steele Commager, American historian (d. 1998)
- 1902 – Eddie Lang, American guitarist (d. 1933)
- 1903 – Katharine Byron, American politician (d. 1976)
- 1903 – Harry Shoulberg, American painter (d. 1995)
- 1908 – Edmond Pidoux, Swiss author and poet (d. 2004)
- 1910 – William Higinbotham, American physicist (d. 1994)
- 1912 – Minnie Pearl, American comedian and singer (d. 1996)
- 1912 – Jack Kent Cooke, Canadian entrepreneur and sports teams owner (d. 1997)
- 1913 – Klaus Barbie, German SS captain (d. 1991)
- 1914 – John Berryman, American poet (d. 1972)
- 1915 – Ivan M. Niven, Canadian mathematician (d. 1999)
- 1917 – Lee MacPhail, American baseball manager and executive (d. 2012)
- 1918 – Chubby Jackson, American bassist and bandleader (d. 2003)
- 1921 – Michael of Romania
- 1923 – Jean Duceppe, Canadian actor (d. 1990)
- 1923 – Beate Sirota Gordon, Austrian-American director and producer (d. 2012)
- 1923 – Bobby Thomson, Scottish-American baseball player (d. 2010)
- 1924 – Billy Barty, American actor (d. 2000)
- 1924 – Earl Palmer, American drummer (The Wrecking Crew) (d. 2008)
- 1925 – Clancy Lyall, American soldier (d. 2012)
- 1926 – Ismail Gulgee, Pakistani painter (d. 2007)
- 1926 – Jimmy Heath, American saxophonist and composer (Heath Brothers)
- 1926 – Galina Vishnevskaya, Russian soprano (d. 2012)
- 1927 – Barbara Cook, American singer and actress
- 1927 – Jorge Batlle Ibáñez, Uruguayan politician, President of Uruguay
- 1927 – Lawrence Kohlberg, American psychologist (d. 1987)
- 1928 – Anthony Franciosa, American actor (d. 2006)
- 1928 – Marion Ross, American actress
- 1931 – Annie Girardot, French actress (d. 2011)
- 1931 – Jimmy McIlroy, Irish footballer and manager
- 1933 – Eugene Gordon Lee, American actor (d. 2005)
- 1935 – Rusty Schweickart, American astronaut
- 1935 – Sam Taylor, American singer-songwriter (d. 2009)
- 1936 – Martin Gilbert, English historian and author
- 1936 – Masako Nozawa, Japanese actress
- 1937 – Roberto Menescal, Brazilian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
- 1939 – Zelmo Beaty, American basketball player
- 1939 – Fred Marcellino, American illustrator (d. 2001)
- 1939 – Nikos Nikolaidis, Greek director and screenwriter (d. 2007)
- 1939 – Robin Spry, Canadian director and producer (d. 2005)
- 1940 – Bob Knight, American basketball player and coach
- 1941 – Helen Reddy, Australian singer and actress
- 1941 – Anne Tyler, American author
- 1944 – Jon Anderson, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (Yes, Jon and Vangelis, Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe, and The Warriors)
- 1944 – James Carville, American lawyer and political consultant
- 1944 – Kati Kovács, Hungarian singer and actress
- 1945 – Peter Ledger, Australian illustrator (d. 1994)
- 1947 – Coco Robicheaux, American singer-songwriter (d. 2011)
- 1947 – Glenn Tipton, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (Judas Priest and The Flying Hat Band)
- 1948 – Dave Cowens, American basketball player and coach
- 1948 – Daniel Mark Epstein, American poet and biographer
- 1948 – Dan Gable, American wrestler and coach
- 1948 – Dan Issel, American basketball player
- 1949 – Réjean Houle, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1949 – Walter Hyatt, American singer-songwriter, (Uncle Walt's Band) (d. 1996)
- 1949 – Hans-Georg Kraus, German footballer
- 1950 – Chris Norman, English singer-songwriter (Smokie)
- 1951 – Richard Lloyd, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Television and Rocket from the Tombs)
- 1952 – Samir Geagea, Lebanese politician
- 1952 – Ioannis Kyrastas, Greek footballer and manager (d. 2004)
- 1952 – Mollie O'Brien, American singer
- 1954 – Mike Eruzione, American ice hockey player
- 1954 – David Worrall, Australian composer
- 1955 – Glynis Barber, English actress
- 1955 – Danny Darwin, American baseball player
- 1955 – Robin Eubanks, American trombonist
- 1955 – Matthias Jabs, German guitarist and songwriter (Scorpions)
- 1956 – Paul Regina, American actor (d. 2006)
- 1957 – Nancy Cartwright, American voice actress
- 1957 – Bernard Hogan-Howe, English police officer
- 1958 – Phil Daniels, English actor
- 1958 – Kornelia Ender, German swimmer
- 1960 – Christina Amphlett, Australian singer-songwriter and actress (Divinyls)
- 1960 – June Brigman, American illustrator
- 1961 – Ward Burton, American race car driver
- 1961 – Chad Smith, American drummer (Red Hot Chili Peppers, Chickenfoot, and Chad Smith's Bombastic Meatbats)
- 1961 – Janice Tanton, Canadian illustrator
- 1961 – Willie Walsh, Irish businessman
- 1962 – Nick Hancock, English actor
- 1962 – Darlene Vogel, American actress
- 1963 – Tracy Nelson, American actress
- 1964 – Nicole, German singer
- 1964 – Michael Boatman, American actor
- 1964 – Kevin Michael Richardson, American actor
- 1965 – Þorsteinn Bachmann, Icelandic actor
- 1965 – 2 Cold Scorpio, American wrestler
- 1966 – Wendel Clark, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1966 – Perry Saturn, American wrestler
- 1969 – Josef Beranek, Czech ice hockey player
- 1969 – Nika Futterman, American voice actress and singer
- 1969 – Oleg Salenko, Russian footballer
- 1970 – J. A. Adande, American columnist
- 1970 – Peter Aerts, Dutch kick boxer
- 1970 – Adam Goldberg, American actor
- 1970 – Adam Pascal, American actor
- 1970 – Ed Robertson, Canadian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (Barenaked Ladies and Yukon Kornelius)
- 1970 – Daniel Scheinhardt, German footballer
- 1970 – Chely Wright, American singer-songwriter and actress
- 1971 – Simon Charlton, English footballer
- 1971 – Athena Chu, Hong Kong actress and singer
- 1971 – Neil Fallon, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Clutch, The Company Band, and The Bakerton Group)
- 1971 – Midori Gotō, Japanese-American violinist
- 1971 – Rosie Ledet, American singer-songwriter and accordion player
- 1971 – Pedro Martínez, Dominican baseball player
- 1972 – Jonathan Torrens, Canadian actor
- 1973 – Lamont Bentley, American actor (d. 2005)
- 1974 – Lee Byung-Kyu, South Korean baseball player
- 1974 – Goya Jaekel, German footballer
- 1975 – Eirik Glambek Bøe, Norwegian singer-songwriter and guitarist (Kings of Convenience and Skog)
- 1975 – Ryan Clement, American football player
- 1975 – Zadie Smith, English author
- 1976 – Steve Jones, Irish footballer
- 1976 – Brett Kirk, Australian footballer
- 1977 – Yehonathan Gatro, Israeli singer and actor
- 1977 – Birgit Prinz, German footballer
- 1978 – Russell Anderson, Scottish footballer
- 1978 – Markus Pöyhönen, Finnish sprinter
- 1979 – Rob Hulse, English footballer
- 1979 – Bat for Lashes, English singer-songwriter
- 1979 – Rosa Mendes, Canadian wrestler
- 1979 – Sarah Thompson, American actress
- 1979 – Tony Torcato, American baseball player
- 1979 – Eddie Argos, English singer-songwriter (Art Brut)
- 1979 – Ivana Sert, Serbian-Turkish television personality, model, and fashion designer
- 1980 – Mehcad Brooks, American actor and model
- 1981 – Josh Henderson, American actor and singer
- 1981 – Young Rome, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actor (IMx)
- 1981 – Jon Wood, American race car driver
- 1981 – Shaun Wright-Phillips, English footballer
- 1982 – Jerome Carter, American football player
- 1982 – Eman Lam, Hong Kong singer (at17)
- 1983 – Gyptian, Jamaican singer
- 1983 – Tim McGarigle, American football player
- 1983 – Taylor Vixen, American porn actress
- 1983 – Han Yeo-reum, South Korean actress
- 1984 – Sara Lumholdt, Swedish singer and dancer (A-Teens)
- 1984 – Katy Perry, American singer-Songwriter and actress
- 1984 – Iván Ramis, Spanish footballer
- 1985 – Ciara, American singer-songwriter, dancer, and actress
- 1985 – Kara Lynn Joyce, American swimmer
- 1985 – Daniele Padelli, Italian footballer
- 1986 – DJ Webstar, American DJ and producer
- 1986 – Eddie Gaven, American soccer player
- 1987 – Darron Gibson, Irish footballer
- 1987 – Fabian Hambüchen, German gymnast
- 1988 – Shane Edwards, Australian footballer
- 1989 – Ivan Marconi, Italian footballer
- 1990 – Austin Peralta, American pianist and composer (d. 2012)
- 1992 – Kamie Crawford, Miss Teen U.S.A 2010
- 1993 – Kelley Missal, American actress
- 2001 – Princess Elisabeth of Belgium
- 2006 – Krista and Tatiana Hogan, Canadian conjoined twins
[edit] Deaths
- 625 – Pope Boniface V
- 1047 – Magnus the Good, Norwegian king (b. 1024)
- 1154 – Stephen, King of England (b. 1096)
- 1200 – Conrad of Wittelsbach, German archbishop (b. 1125)
- 1230 – Gilbert de Clare, 5th Earl of Gloucester, English soldier (b. 1180)
- 1400 – Geoffrey Chaucer, English poet (b. 1343)
- 1415 – Killed in the Battle of Agincourt:
- 1478 – Catherine of Bosnia (b. 1425)
- 1492 – Thaddeus McCarthy, Irish bishop (b. 1455)
- 1495 – John II of Portugal (b. 1455)
- 1514 – William Elphinstone, Scottish bishop and politician, founded University of Aberdeen (b. 1431)
- 1555 – Olympia Fulvia Morata, Italian scholar (b. 1526)
- 1557 – William Cavendish, English politician (b. 1505)
- 1633 – Jean Titelouze, French organist and composer (b. 1563)
- 1647 – Evangelista Torricelli, Italian physicist and mathematician (b. 1608)
- 1683 – William Scroggs, English politician (b. 1623)
- 1733 – Giovanni Gerolamo Saccheri, Italian mathematician (b. 1667)
- 1757 – Antoine Augustine Calmet, French theologian (b. 1672)
- 1760 – George II of Great Britain (b. 1683)
- 1773 – Johann Georg Estor, German theorist and historian (b. 1699)
- 1806 – Henry Knox, American general and politician (b. 1750)
- 1826 – Philippe Pinel, French psychiatrist (b. 1745)
- 1833 – Abbas Mirza, Persian prince (b. 1789)
- 1836 – Antonios Miaoulis, Greek politician and navy officer (b. 1800)
- 1852 – John C. Clark, American politician (b. 1793)
- 1889 – Émile Augier, French playwright (b. 1820)
- 1895 – Charles Hallé, German-English pianist and conductor (b. 1819)
- 1905 – Dimosthenis Dogkas, Greek politician
- 1910 – Willie Anderson, Scottish-American golfer (b. 1878)
- 1920 – Alexander of Greece (b. 1893)
- 1920 – Terence MacSwiney, Irish playwright and activist (b. 1879)
- 1921 – Bat Masterson, American journalist and sheriff (b. 1853)
- 1938 – Alfonsina Storni, Argentine poet (b. 1892)
- 1941 – Franz von Werra, German fighter pilot (b. 1914)
- 1945 – Robert Ley, German politician (b. 1890)
- 1953 – Holger Pedersen, Danish linguist (b. 1867)
- 1955 – Sadako Sasaki, Japanese victim of the atomic bomb (b. 1943)
- 1957 – Albert Anastasia, Italian-American mobster (b. 1902)
- 1957 – Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany, Irish author, poet, and playwright (b. 1878)
- 1960 – Harry Ferguson, Irish engineer, founded the Ferguson Company (b. 1884)
- 1962 – Louis Abell, American rower (b. 1884)
- 1963 – Roger Désormière, French conductor (b. 1898)
- 1963 – Karl von Terzaghi, Austrian-American engineer and geologist (b. 1883)
- 1965 – Eduard Einstein, Swiss son of Albert Einstein (b. 1910)
- 1973 – Abebe Bikila, Ethiopian runner (b. 1932)
- 1973 – Cleo Moore, American actress (b. 1928)
- 1973 – Robert Scholl, German politician (b. 1891)
- 1975 – Vladimir Herzog, Brazilian journalist and activist (b. 1937)
- 1976 – Raymond Queneau, French poet and author (b. 1903)
- 1979 – Gerald Templer, English military commander (b. 1898)
- 1980 – Virgil Fox, American organist (b. 1912)
- 1980 – Sahir Ludhianvi, Indian poet and songwriter (b. 1921)
- 1985 – Gary Holton, English actor (b. 1952)
- 1986 – Forrest Tucker, American actor (b. 1919)
- 1991 – Bill Graham, German-American concert promoter (b. 1931)
- 1992 – Roger Miller, American singer-songwriter and actor (b. 1936)
- 1993 – Danny Chan, Hong Kong singer-songwriter, pianist, and actor (b. 1958)
- 1993 – Vincent Price, American actor (b. 1911)
- 1994 – Kara Hultgreen, American pilot (b. 1965)
- 1994 – Mildred Natwick, American actress (b. 1905)
- 1995 – Bobby Riggs, American tennis player (b. 1918)
- 1995 – Viveca Lindfors, Swedish actress (b. 1920)
- 1998 – Warren Wiebe, American singer (b. 1953)
- 1999 – Payne Stewart, American golfer (b. 1957)
- 2002 – Richard Harris, Irish actor (b. 1930)
- 2002 – René Thom, French mathematician (b. 1923)
- 2002 – Paul Wellstone, American politician (b. 1944)
- 2003 – Pandurang Shastri Athavale, Indian philosopher and spiritual leader (b. 1920)
- 2003 – Veikko Hakulinen, Finnish skier (b. 1925)
- 2003 – Robert Strassburg, American conductor and composer (b. 1915)
- 2004 – John Peel, English journalist and producer (b. 1939)
- 2005 – Wellington Mara, American businessman (b. 1916)
- 2006 – Danny Rolling, American serial killer (b. 1954)
- 2007 – Martín Caballero, Colombian guerrilla leader
- 2008 – Anne Pressly, American journalist (b. 1982)
- 2010 – Lisa Blount, American actress and producer (b. 1957)
- 2010 – Gregory Isaacs, Jamaican singer-songwriter (b. 1951)
- 2010 – Vesna Parun, Croatian poet (b. 1922)
- 2012 – Jacques Barzun, French-American historian and author (b. 1907)
- 2012 – Dimitris Beis, Greek politician, 68th Mayor of Athens (b. 1928)
- 2012 – Jaspal Bhatti, Indian actor (b. 1955)
- 2012 – John Connelly, English footballer (b. 1938)
- 2012 – Aung Gyi, Burmese politician (b. 1919)
- 2012 – Les Mueller, American baseball player (b. 1919)
- 2012 – Emanuel Steward, American boxing trainer and sportscaster (b. 1944)
[edit] Holidays and observances
[edit] External links