Help:Edit summary

An edit summary is a brief explanation of an edit to a Wikipedia page. When you edit a page, there is a small text entry field labeled Edit summary located under the main edit box and above the Save page button:

Edit summary (Briefly describe your changes)

 

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By saving changes, you agree to the Terms of Use, and you irrevocably agree to release your contribution under the CC BY-SA 3.0 License and the GFDL. You agree that a hyperlink or URL is sufficient attribution under the Creative Commons license.

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The edit summary field appears above the "Save page" button

It is good practice to fill in the edit summary field, or add to it in the case of section editing, as this helps others to understand the intention of your edit. Edit summaries are displayed in lists of changes (such as page histories and watchlists), and at the top of diff pages.

Always provide an edit summary

It is considered good practice to provide a summary for every edit, especially when reverting (undoing) the actions of other editors or deleting existing text; otherwise, people may question your motives for the edit. Edits that do not have an edit summary are more likely to be reverted, because it may not be obvious what the purpose of the edit was.

Accurate summaries help other contributors decide whether it is worthwhile for them to review an edit, and to understand the change should they choose to review it. When a major edit (e.g. deletion of a substantial amount of text, a significant addition, or a substantial rewrite) doesn't have an edit summary, there are fewer reasons to assume good faith and busy editors may be more inclined to revert the change without checking it in detail. Summaries are less important for minor changes (which means generally unchallengeable changes such as spelling or grammar corrections), but a brief note like "fixed spelling" is helpful even then.

To avoid accidentally leaving edit summaries blank, you can select "Prompt me when entering a blank edit summary" on the Editing tab of your user preferences, if you have created an account.

If you are a registered user and want to show your commitment to always leaving edit summaries, which will remind other users of the importance of doing so, you can use the userbox {{User edit summary}} or {{User:Marek69/edit summary template}}.

This user uses edit summaries.

WTF? This user ALWAYS leaves
an edit summary.

How to write an edit summary

• Summarize. Summarize the change, even if only briefly; even a short summary is better than no summary.
• Explain. Give reasons for the change, if you think other editors may be unclear as to why you made it.
• Abbreviations. Abbreviations should be used with care. They can be confusing for new contributors. For an explanation of some commonly used abbreviations, see this edit summary legend.
• Expand on important information. Readers who see only the summary might not get the entire picture. Prevent misunderstanding: If an edit requires more explanation than will fit in the summary box, post a comment to the article's talk page to give more information, and include "see talk" or "see discussion page" in the edit summary.
  • If you are copying text within Wikipedia, you must at least put a link to the source page in the edit summary at the destination page.
• Talk pages. When editing talk pages, consider copying your comment to the edit summary, if it is brief; this allows users to check Recent changes, Page history and User contributions (see below) very efficiently.

What to avoid in edit summaries

• Avoid misleading summaries. Mentioning one change but not another one can be misleading to someone who finds the other one more important. You could add something like "and misc." to cover the other changes.
• Avoid vagueness. While edit summaries can be terse, they should still be specific. Providing an edit summary similar to "I made some changes" is functionally equivalent to not providing a summary at all.
• Avoid inappropriate summaries. You should explain your edits, but without being overly critical or harsh when editing or reverting others' work. This may be perceived as uncivil, and cause resentment or conflict. Explain what you changed, citing the relevant policies, guidelines or principles of good writing, but do not target others in a way that may come across as a personal attack.
• Avoid incivility. Snide comments, personal remarks about editors, and other aggressive edit summaries are explicit edit-summary "don't's" of the Wikipedia Civility policy.

Use of edit summaries in disputes

Proper use of edit summaries is critical to resolving content disputes. Edit summaries should accurately and succinctly summarize the nature of the edit, especially if it could be controversial. If the edit involves reverting previous changes, it should be marked as a revert ("rv") in the edit summary.

Avoid using edit summaries to carry on debates or negotiation over the content or to express opinions of the other users involved. This creates an atmosphere where the only way to carry on discussion is to revert other editors! If you notice this happening, start a section on the talk page and place your comments there. This keeps discussions and debates away from the article page itself. For example:

reverted edits by User:Example, see talk for rationale

Fixing

After you save the page, you cannot change the edit summary, so be careful with it, particularly if you are in a heated content dispute – do not write things you will regret.

If you make an important omission or error in an edit summary, you can correct this by making a dummy edit (a change in the page with no visible effects), and adding further information in its own edit summary.

In the extreme case of an edit summary containing certain kinds of harmful content, the summary can be deleted on request. They may be removed from public view by administrators using Revision Deletion; such edit summaries remain visible to administrators. In even more limited circumstances the entire edit may be oversighted, leaving it and its edit summary visible only to the handful of users with the Oversight permission.

Edit summary properties and features

• Limited to 250 characters. The edit summary box can hold one line of 250 characters. If you attempt to type or paste more, only the first 250 characters will be displayed – the rest will be discarded. For example, attempting to add 10 new characters (at the end or in between) to a summary already containing 245 characters will result in the first 5 new characters being inserted and the second 5 being disregarded.
• Show preview. The "Show preview" button also provides a preview of the edit summary to facilitate checking links.
• Can't be changed after saving. After you save the page, you cannot change the edit summary (see bugs 10105 and 13937).
• Doesn't appear in searches. The built-in search function cannot search edit summaries, and they are not indexed by external search engines.
• Wikilinks always rendered; other wikitext coding ignored. Edit summaries render internal links, including piped links, and interwiki links, even when enclosed within <nowiki> and </nowiki>. Therefore, copying wikitext in the edit summary box may be preferable to copying text from the preview, except when one wants to save space. Other wikitext coding is not interpreted. ~~~~ has no effect, so do not sign edit summaries.

Places where the edit summary appears

The edit summary appears in black italics in the following places:

• Page history – list of changes to the page you edited
• User contributions – list of all your edits
• Watchlist – list of recent changes to watched pages (logged-in users only)
• Diff page – shows the difference between two edits
• Recent changes – list of all recent edits
• Wikipedia IRC channels – real-time list of all edits
• Related changes – list of recent changes to pages linked to the page you edited
• List of new pages – shows the edit summary of the creation.

Section editing

When adding a new section to a discussion page with the "new section" button, the section title is used as the edit summary. When editing an existing section, the section title is inserted at the beginning of the edit summary, enclosed with /* and */ marks, for example /* External links */. Details of the edit should be added after this text. In the case that you provide a long summary yourself, you can delete the section title in order to stay within the limit of 250 characters.

When viewing such an edit summary, the section name will appear in grey, with a small arrow next to it: →External links. Click the arrow to view the section (if the section no longer exists, the link will simply take you to the top of the page).

If you create a new section before or after an existing section by clicking a section "edit" link, delete the text between /* and */ marks (or change it to the new section title) to avoid confusion.

Automatic summaries

Main page: Help:Automatic edit summaries

In certain circumstances, an automatic summary is generated when an edit is saved without one. This is slightly different from the summary added when editing a section, as that can be modified by the user before saving.

With the exception of the automatic summary when creating a redirect, which usually says all that needs to be said, these are not a substitute for a proper edit summary – you should always leave a meaningful summary, even in the above cases. They are, however, useful in providing some context for edits made by inexperienced users who are not aware of the importance of edit summaries, and for spotting vandalism.

When starting a new thread on a talk page by using the "New section" tab, the text you type into the "subject/headline" field becomes both the heading of your discussion topic, and the edit summary for that edit.

Tags

See also: Wikipedia:Tags

Tags (i.e., edit tags) are brief messages that the software automatically places next to certain edits in histories, recent changes and other special pages. They are implemented by the edit filter to help assist vandalism patrollers and other page watchers. They cannot be added or removed manually.

Notes for experienced users

• There are standard templates for warning editors who delete content without providing an edit summary: {{Uw-delete1}} (which assumes good faith) and {{Uw-delete2}} (which doesn't). {{Uw-editsummary}} is available for notifying users who have not provided an edit summary for other types of edit. These are available via Twinkle.
• When editors stand for Adminship, their RfA pages include statistics about how often they have provided edit summaries in the past.
• One's edit summary usage can be checked with this tool.

The 250 character limit

The limit of 250 characters is an approximation. The actual limit is 255 bytes, but it is not always possible to have an edit summary which is 255 characters long. Whilst most everyday English characters occupy one byte each, the use of UTF-8 encoding means that some characters take up more space: the en-dash, for example, is a single character which occupies three bytes. The limit of 255 bytes includes the section title marker (and the associated /*  */) and also any Wiki markup that may be present. Consider the following typical edit summary:

(→History: change - (hyphen) to – (en-dash) in date ranges per manual of style; added missing </ref> tag)

Here, the user-entered portion (from "change" to "tag") is displayed as 93 characters, but this may have been entered as:

/* History */ change - (hyphen) to – (en-dash) in date ranges per [[MOS:DATERANGE|manual of style]]; added missing </ref> tag

This is 127 bytes long: the /* History */ is 13 bytes; the – character occupies three bytes; and the [[MOS:DATERANGE|manual of style]] occupies 33 bytes.

For editors who have JavaScript enabled, there is a script included with the page which monitors the byte-length of the summary, and prevents entering summaries longer than 255 bytes (both in "Edit source" and in Visual editor). When JavaScript is disabled, this safeguard can't function, and the only protection is the browser's limit of 255 characters, which may overflow the 255-byte limit as a result of any characters which are represented by more than one byte. When the edit is done by a bot, through an external tool (such as WP:AWB) or through some user script or gadget, it's the responsibility of the tool or script to safeguard against overflowing this limit. In any situation where more than 255 bytes are entered for the edit summary, the summary is truncated to 255 bytes when the page is saved.

File upload summary

When uploading an image one can supply an upload summary. This serves multiple purposes:

• as second part of the automatically created edit summary of the upload log (the first part giving the file name)
• as text in the entry of the image history
• in the case that the file name of the image is new:
  • as edit summary for the creation of the image page
  • as wikitext for the editable part of the image page, which includes the following possibilities:
    • briefly describe the image
    • provide internal or external links
    • call templates
    • specify one or more categories the image is in

The capacity of the upload summary is one line of 250 characters; in the upload log the last part may fall off, because this can contain 255 characters, including "uploaded "filename"".

Note that there is no preview function to check the code for the links, template calls and category tags, but of course, if needed one can edit the image page after uploading, to correct errors and also to extend the text.

See also Help:Image page.

See also

• Wikipedia:Edit summary legend – commonly used edit summary abbreviations
• Wikipedia:Added or removed characters
• Wikipedia:Red flags in edit summaries
• Wikipedia:What does 'per' mean?
• Help:Deletion summary

External links

• User Edit Summary Search This tool will search through a user's edit summaries and return edits with a partial match.