My Setup for Comparing Medium Format Lenses (80mm, 150mm...) 
Note: Random number #121  in center for on-film Blind Identification

Blind Lens Testing Project
by Robert Monaghan

Related Local Links:
Blind Lens Testing Proposal
Blind Lens Testing Program Results
How to Test Cameras and Lenses
Lens Testing Chart Download
Lens Testing Pages
Lens Testing Resolution Charts

Introduction

Why should you participate in this blind lens testing project?  The benefits and fun to you include:

What? You are afraid of looking bad?  Don't worry.  We will use an anonymous code identifier in reporting results. So you won't be embarrassed if your results don't turn out quite as you hoped they would. Besides, you have got to do better than me. I have already admitted I can not reliably tell which camera or lens took which slide. So what have you got to lose, and look at all you have to gain by participating! Go for it!!!

Procedure to Participate

Start by sending me an email with your mailing address and stating you want to participate in our blind medium format normal lens testing project. [Coming up next (if this project is successful) are wide angle lenses, battle of the ultrawides, and 150mm-ish portrait lenses and 200 to 250mm-ish telephotos]. 

You will be mailed a set of slide shots for direct comparison. On your answer sheet, you will be asked to rank each slide, best to worst, using the visible random number that identifies each slide. Look at the photo at the top of this page to see the test scene showing a sample random number and camera test setup. The test shot includes a lot of fine detail (brickwork in building etc.) and a fountain spraying water in the foreground (for bokeh fans).   

We will also ask some information on your experience level in medium format and general photography, so we can get some idea of how people's experience impacts results. I would expect that folks who are more experienced might be better able to tell different lenses and cameras.  So this data will help us test that idea too. We will also ask what kind of loupe(s) or viewing setup you were using (e.g., maybe the differences are not clear at 4X, but obvious at 15X or 22X?). 

You can email your ratings and answers to us (at rmonagha@post.smu.edu)  if you wish.  We will shortly reply with an "answer key" corresponding to your numbered slide set which will tell you which slide was taken by which camera and lens, and under what conditions (e.g., handheld, tripod etc.).  

PLEASE do NOT share this answer key with anyone, as doing so will bias their results and ruin the value and benefit to other participants!! Thanks!!!

Naturally, with the answer key in hand, you can now go back to the test slides and know which camera and lens took which picture.  You will be able to see which shots were with the same lens, on different camera bodies (e.g., motorized vs. non-motorized). You will know which shots were from cameras and lenses costing kilobucks, and which lenses and cameras cost under $100 US.  

Hopefully, you will be able to get a number of the suggested benefits at the top of this page from your participation in this blind lens testing project. But I wanted to add that if you haven't had much experience with lens testing, you will probably benefit the most from participating and seeing these results yourself.

We ask that you please mail your slide set back as soon as possible.   It already takes a week in the mails to get these slides to you and back to us. We would like to be able to quickly respond to requests to participate.  If you hold onto and keep a slide set, replacing that slide set will take a half-day of setup and shooting and cost over $100 US for the dozen+ rolls of film and processing needed. 

Thank you for your help in participating in this project!!! 


Homebrew Loupes and Light Tables Ideas:

Besides our test slides, you will need some way to light them for viewing (e.g., lightbox) and a loupe or similar magnifier to view them.  We have some suggestions for homebrew loupes if you don't have one.  If you have a removable waist level viewfinder, chimney finder (often ideal), or even prism finder, you may already have a good loupe.  If not, you can often use a 35mm or medium format lens as a loupe, outer lens end near your eye, the film end of the lens pointing at the film.  Enlarger lenses may work even better.  For high power loupes, an old movie camera (8 or 16mm) glass lens can provide surprising amounts of magnification too. 

Light tables can be easily jury-rigged too.  Do you have a daylight fluorescent lighting fixture (as in many dorm rooms?).  You can often turn them so the tubes are facing upwards. A piece of frosted glass or plastic can be used as a temporary light table (or sheet(s) of white paper under a regular clear piece of glass or plastic). See our studio resources pages for more ideas. 


Sample Blind Test Participation Form:

Your name: _____________________________________________ Anonymous code (pick 5 letters) _ _ _ _ _

Your email address: ______________________________________

Your mailing address: ____________________________________________________________________

Which slide set do you have (circle Roman numeral:)  Set I    II    III     IV     V     VI    VII   VIII   IX   X  XI  XII

Split the slides into even number and odd numbered piles.  The even numbers were taken at 1/125th at f/16, the odd numbered slides at 1/500th at f/8, both focused at infinity using the lens markings. Lighting varys slightly, as you can see it is a day with some clouds. The tripod was moved and setup several times in each session both before and after lunch, so distances and subject sizes will vary slightly even with the same lens(es). The edges of the film have been trimmed to remove tell-tale film back markings in corners and side of film backs.  

Are you a (Circle one):    amateur photographer   semiprofessional photographer    fulltime pro photographer
Years of experience in photography?  _____    using 35mm? ____    medium format? _____  large format? ___
How many rolls of film do you shoot in the average year?  35mm: _____  rollfilm _____   sheet film (#) _____

What equipment do you use for 35mm? ______________________________________________
What equipment do you use for medium format? _______________________________________

What type and power of loupe or viewing setup did you use? _______________________________X


List the odd numbered slides, from BEST  to WORST, based on your assessment of their image quality (i.e., both resolution and contrast).  You may also wish to add an optional rating and your comments on each too:

BEST: #_______  (rating: ____)  Comments:__________________________________________________
Next:  #________ ( ____)  _________________________________________________________________
Next:  #________ ( ____)  _________________________________________________________________
Next:  #________ ( ____)  _________________________________________________________________
Next:  #________ ( ____)  _________________________________________________________________
Next:  #________ ( ____)  _________________________________________________________________
Next:  #________ ( ____)  _________________________________________________________________
Next:  #________ ( ____)  _________________________________________________________________
Next:  #________ ( ____)  _________________________________________________________________
Next:  #________ ( ____)  _________________________________________________________________
Next:  #________ ( ____)  _________________________________________________________________
Next:  #________ ( ____)  _________________________________________________________________
WORST:  #________ ( ____)  _________________________________________________________________

List the even numbered slides, from BEST  to POOREST, based on your assessment of their image quality (i.e., both resolution and contrast).  You may also wish to add an optional rating and your comments on each too:

BEST: #_______  (rating: ____)  Comments:__________________________________________________
Next:  #________ ( ____)  _________________________________________________________________
Next:  #________ ( ____)  _________________________________________________________________
Next:  #________ ( ____)  _________________________________________________________________
Next:  #________ ( ____)  _________________________________________________________________
Next:  #________ ( ____)  _________________________________________________________________
Next:  #________ ( ____)  _________________________________________________________________
Next:  #________ ( ____)  _________________________________________________________________
Next:  #________ ( ____)  _________________________________________________________________
Next:  #________ ( ____)  _________________________________________________________________
Next:  #________ ( ____)  _________________________________________________________________
Next:  #________ ( ____)  _________________________________________________________________
WORST:  #________ ( ____)  ______________________________________________________________

Notes: Comments can be helpful notes on why you assigned this rank or rating, quality of bokeh etc.
Ratings are optional, and should be on a 0 to 5 scale (e.g., my scale 0=bad (bottle glass), 1= poor (no-name import label lenses), 2=good (consumer lenses), 3=very good (serious amateur) 4= excellent (pro quality glass) 5=perfect).  For example, if the top five lenses were very similar, maybe from the same camera and lens, you might assign them 4.50, 4.52, 4.54, 4.56, and 4.58 ratings. The next group might be a bit less refined, and so get scored 4.20, 4.22, 4.24.  Using the rating scale will help reviewers to see which lenses you thought performed similarly, and which you thought clustered out as lesser performing, and get a sense of by how much they differed.

Can you tell if any of the shots were handheld?  Which one(s)? #______   #______  #______ #________
Can you tell which shot(s) were taken without a lens hood? #_____ #____ #____ #_____ #_____ #_____
Can you tell which shot(s) were taken with a cheapy Chinese 3 el. lens? #______ #________ #________
Any shots you can identify as being from the same camera(s)? 

Can you positively identify the lens brand which made any particular shots? Which ones? How? 

 

What features or clues did you use to make your determinations? (e.g., mortar between brickwork, contrast of white blocks in triangle atop columns, fine lines in windows, bokeh of water droplets etc.?). 

 

Email us your listing of best to worse (with optional ratings). We will mail back the "answer key" for your review: 


Were you surprised by the answer key results versus your own scores and ratings? What surprised you most?  

 

Which lenses did better or worse than you expected?



Any suggestions for improving this blind test project?

 

Final comments - was it a useful project etc.? Why or why not?

 

 


Related Postings

From: Stephe ms_stephe@excite.com
Newsgroups: rec.photo.equipment.medium-format
Subject: Re: buying Mamiya offshore -- Hong Kong or UK?
Date: Mon, 15 Apr 2002


Jon N. wrote:

> If I can't compare
> slides side by side, I can't tell the difference at all, and I seriously
> doubt you could.

Well looking at slides done with a box camera with nothing to compare them
too might look OK as well..  (I actually have a box camera that works
pretty good!)

If you can't tell which camera they came from looking at the slides, that
IS a different story, but if you can see the difference in "side by side"
obviously there is something there.

Example I can't tell which slides were shot with my rolleicord and which
came from my zeiss tessar folder. There isn't any visible difference even
though people claim a front cell focusing camera isn't as sharp.
--
stephe
http://www.geocities.com/kievgurl/


From: Morton Linder mort@cloud9.net Newsgroups: rec.photo.equipment.35mm Subject: Re: Are Leica Lenses Really Better Than Zuiko? Date: Mon, 15 Apr 2002 About 15(?) years ago, when I switched over from Nikon F2 to Olympus OM-4, I tested the comparable sets of Nikon and Zuiko lenses, with tripod and electronic flash and U.S. Govt. engraved lens targets, on Kodachrome ASA 25 film. I viewed them with a very fine binocular Leitz medical microscope. Basically, it was a wash. Some of each brand were a bit sharper than the other, both ways. The point is that, with top brand top line lenses, they are basically all excellent, and the differences are minor.(I am not referring to recent all-plastic entry level lenses, of which I have no experience.) Morton


From: "Meryl Arbing" marbing@sympatico.ca Newsgroups: rec.photo.equipment.35mm Subject: Re: Leica M lens tests URL followup was Re: Leica...Is It Worth It? Date: Mon, 22 Apr 2002 One frequently hears the "and NOBODY can tell the difference" argument cited on these postings. Usually, it is the digital people claiming that "NOBODY can tell the difference" between their dithered inkjet prints and traditional lab prints. The unfortunate part is that it is a faulty argument...it is an attempt to prove the "null hypothesis". Just because a particular observer can't see the differences does not mean that the differences do not exist. Sometimes, all it takes is for someone to point out a specific and, from then on, the differences stand out like the proverbial "sore thumb". Sometimes it is just a question of not knowing what to look for or where to look for it. "Typical real world shots" are notorious for disguising defects. For example...is the softness at the edges of a shot due to DOF or poor lens design? I suppose this is one reason why traditional test shots are made of a single plane to eliminate DOF effects. But do we HAVE to know exactly where to look for the differences between a Leica or Zeiss lens and a Sakar, for example? No, I don't think so. And that is because we have the cumulative experience of thousands and thousands of photographers making millions of shots to prove that there is indeed a difference! Even if we don't see it in an individual photograph, the differences are apparent over years of photography so as to provide us with a lengthy body of evidence that certain lenses have qualities that are exceptional. This has come down to us simply as "reputation" and, as we all know, a good reputation is difficult gain and easy to lose. If Leica lenses were no better than ordinary glass, I doubt that people would be interested in them. I have an old Zeiss Ikon Contaflex Super (@1965) with a Zeiss Tessar 50/2.8 and I can see where the reputation of Zeiss and Contax came from and that it is completely accurate and much deserved. I still take it out to shoot and I have been having wonderful results with Portra BW400 even though that film wasn't even conceived when the Contaflex was made. I don't think we can dismiss "reputation" as real evidence for certain lenses being significantly better than others. Making an excellent lens isn't magic. All it takes is careful design; using the best materials; manufacturing to exacting tolerances...Canon has done it with their 'L' lenses and...Canon 'L' lenses have a deserved reputation for being among the best in the world right up there with Leica and Zeiss. If other...lesser names...were as good...they would have as good a reputation. What is a reputation anyway if it isn't the honest reports of our peers born out over the course of time? A false or hollow reputation built by marketing hype is quickly dispelled by the real-world experiences of the photographic community.


From: stking+++@duke.edu Newsgroups: rec.photo.equipment.35mm Subject: Re: zeiss vs bronica tests, who wins? Re: Lens testing realities Date: 22 Mar 2002 Robert Monaghan rmonagha@smu.edu wrote: > well, the problem with viewing scans or prints is that they add multiple > generations between the original slide and what is evaluated, and you > can't tell if what you are seeing is limited by the enlarger lens or > scanner optics and software, or other issues. I suppose. I see your point, but I think it's very difficult to compare slides, especially that number of slides, using a loupe. It's especially difficult, too, as one can only see one slide at a time, so you have to "remember" the differences. Based on your Z-scores, your point is that (at f8 and f16, anyway) all MF lenses are about the same. Maybe slides don't allow enough of...a unique signature? For example, imagine trying to pick the violin with the nicest tone, only they're played at such faint volume it's impossible to tell the Strad. from a cheap Yamaha. > You can't really compare a f/2.8 lens against an f/4 lens, both > wide open, and be a fair comparison. That's a good point. Is there no aperture wider than f8 that all the lenses shared? > I could have easily had shots at every aperture in the test, but as it is > for f/8 and f/16, there are dozens of slides to compare, and it gets > tiresome as you noted. Perhaps I will include a wide open series with > the telephoto blind lens test, if there is enough interest, since such > lenses are more often used wide open for narrow DOF uses than wide angles > or normal lenses?... Ideally, what I'd like to see is a test of only two images -- one from the cheapest and one from the most expensive lens. Both shot at the widest common aperture. Then, the images would be scanned, a portion cropped, and displayed side/side. *Then* if no one could tell the difference, I'd start to believe there's really no difference. :) Steve


From: Gary Frost gary.frost@nospam.com Newsgroups: rec.photo.equipment.35mm Subject: Re: zeiss vs bronica tests, who wins? Re: Lens testing realities Date: Fri, 22 Mar 2002 ...(quote above posting) We have gone from "Price is not a reliable indicator of image quality of lenses." to "All lenses perform the same regardless of price." (at least for practical photographic uses...) While the first statement I have found to be true, the second is definitely not. Robert is refering to a specific, limited comparison of like designed lenses from different manufacturers. (at widely differing prices) Don't infer that it means all lenses are the same, looking on a light table at 10X. ...At least that is not my experience! If you compare a bunch of different 35mm 4-element tessars, I suspect you will find similiar limitations wide open (f/2.8-3.5) towards the edges. (Minox is not able to magically overcome this...) Compared to a Sonnar at 2.8, yes you will see the differences. By f/8 it may be hard to tell though. Keep in mind too, with reference to medium format lenses, the fastest tend to be around 2 stops slower than the fastest 35mm lenses. Testing medium format lenses at f/8 makes more sense than testing 35mm at this aperture. Gary Frost


From: fotocord Subject: Re: lens variations (enlarger..) Newsgroups: rec.photo.equipment.medium-format Date: Wed, 19 Jun 2002 Robert Monaghan wrote: > Considering these are kilobuck+ lenses, letting 2 out of 10 get out with > "sever decentering problems" makes me wonder who has got those lenses, > and if they wonder why everybody else raves about that zoom lens? ;-0) ;-) I'm willing to bet most users after reading how great a certain lens is either thinks their technique is the problem or having nothing to compare it to things this is as good as it gets. The first flektogon I bought I thought "What are these people talking about, this lens sure isn't that great..." but given my past experience with this, bought another sample and saw why people rave so much. I suppose it would be a drag to buy a $2800 lens that isn't that great, can't get it replaced as it isn't actually broken have to sell it for $1500 to buy another $2800 lens to see if it's any better. When the lenses are >$300 this becomes realistic to try it and this is why a buyer of high dollar lenses doesn't know what we are talking about :-) -- Stacey


From: John Stafford john@stafford.net Newsgroups: rec.photo.equipment.medium-format Subject: Re: Are you contemplating going digital? Date: Mon, 09 Dec 2002 Bryan Olson at fakeaddress@nowhere.org wrote > [...] > To get a little bit back to topic: overall, photographers are not > as bad as audiophiles, but we see way too many subjective > judgements made without appropriate controls. No, photographers are worse by far. If you test a random sample of artists and nonartists to determine which can see differences in color values, the outcome is within 5% of the same: usually 60% fail regardless of status. (Color professional-printing lab people do lots better than any other single group.)


From: dpcwilbur@excite.com (Collin Brendemuehl) Newsgroups: rec.photo.equipment.35mm Subject: Re: Leica Lenses vs. Zeiss Date: 14 Nov 2003 You who suffer from the "brand loyalty" disease make me laugh. :) All this bantering is meaningless. Please read this from the Pentax list: --------------------------------------------------------- Date: Fri, 14 Nov 2003 From: -- name withheld for his privacy -- To: pentax-discuss@pdml.net Subject: Re: Pentax enthusiast (long) LOL A few years ago I showed some prints to a couple of Leica aficionados. The photos were made with a Super Takumar 50mm 1.4. The Leica people knew I was a Leica user. Every one of them commented on how great the Leica glass was. -- name withheld -- > Like Bob I've owned > Contax and still own Leica and great Pentax glass and it's pretty difficult > differentiate between film shot using them without resorting to a microscope.


From: Mxsmanic mxsmanic@hotmail.com Newsgroups: rec.photo.equipment.35mm Subject: Re: Leica Lenses vs. Zeiss Date: Fri, 14 Nov 2003 Collin Brendemuehl writes: > But today Pentax, Mamiya, Fujinon, Nikon have the best > stuff around. I disagree as far as Nikon goes. My best lenses are the Zeiss and Leica glass. The high-end Nikon glass is close to or equal to the Zeiss/Leica stuff, but it's not _better_. It is true that my best Nikon lenses are also zooms, which actually means that Nikon is doing extremely well, if it can rival fixed-focal-length Zeiss or Leica with a zoom. The zooms still have their drawbacks, though. My 80-200 is perfect in almost every respect, except that it vignettes pretty badly when wide open and racked out. Also, Nikon makes a lot of cheap consumer stuff, so you have to look carefully at a Nikon lens before buying it in order to be sure that you're getting the professional goods. Alas, in most cases, your choice is conditioned mainly by the camera on which you want to mount the lens, not by a choice of lens manufacturers. You generally mount Nikon glass on a Nikon body, Leica glass on a Leica body, and so on.


From: "Jeremy" jeremy@nospam.thanks.com Newsgroups: rec.photo.equipment.35mm Subject: Re: Pentax Lens Bokeh Date: Mon, 24 Nov 2003 > >In a comparison performed by PDML members a comparison of the A*85/1.4 > >to the Zeiss equivalent was performed. And to eliminate all variables > >they used only one roll of film! > Are these tests on the web? Could you supply an URL, please? I thought I saw that very article quoted in a post on this NG within the past few days. The poster, who was known to shoot with Leica, uploaded an image made by a Pentax, and he intentionally lied about it as having come from a Leica. The image received a number of comments from Leica users praising the high quality of Leica glass. It was nothing scientific, of course. Bob Monaghan has conducted tests where people were asked to identify which brand of lens took which photo--and they were unable to consistently associate the correct images with their respective lenses.


From: contaxman@aol.comnospam (Lewis Lang) Newsgroups: rec.photo.equipment.35mm Date: 13 Nov 2003 Subject: Re: Leica Lenses vs. Zeiss I have owned/used lenses from: Contax Rollei (Zeiss & Rollei lenses) Leica (M & R systems) Nikon (MF & AF) Canon (MF & AF) Minolta (MF & AF) Konica Pentax (MF & AF) And yadda yadda yadda (yadda, which everybody knows, is the best brand, but nobody talks about it). Have read E. Putts (pardon my English sp) articles, Kepler's comparison of Leica to Pentax, been to Photodo, www.photographyreview.com, www.camerareview.com, photo.net, "I've been to Hollywood, I've been to Redwood," etc. etc. etc. Almost all lenses these days are super sharp, especailly the 35mm SLR and rangefinder lenses. What it all boils down to (for me), is not the sharpness or contrast of a lens, because both Leica and Zeiss make super contrasty, super sharp lenses, both whose lines have a 3-D quality to them, but what matters is their overall look - the particular kind of sharpness/contrast they excel at (as well as bokeh and other even more subtler characteristics). Zeiss lenses have super punchy color and a sizzling contrast, but even more than this they have very high acutence (edge sharpness) which gives the effect (to me) of a subject being cut out like from the background in more than just a selective focus trick (sharp subject against soft oof background) but in a way that makes the subject stand/pop out from their surroundings like a cut out paper doll or almost a (hyper)stereoscopic postcard way. Whereas Leica lenses tend to have a more natural look while still being super super contrasty and super super sharp and their three dimensionality derives from their subtle tonal transition that has an almost large format look to it - as if you were no longer looking at an image like a person looks through a glass window, but things have an ultra clarity as if the window didn't even exist and you were staring directly at the subject itself. I remeber viewing a slide from almost 20 years ago, taken with a Leica M 35mm lens in which you could keep seeing subtle colors in a car's hubcap (pinks, greens, whatever) that you weren't even aware were there in the scene when I took them. W/ Leica lenses the more subtleties (color and/or tonal and/or detail transitions) you look the more you find. You might as well ask which flavor of ice cream is better. Lens signatures/looks are a lot like ice cream flavors (but less tasty ;-)). Leica and Zeiss lenses are like two premier flavors of ice cream, both taste superb but its up to you whether you prefer the Rum Raisen or the Jamoca Almond fudge... - its no longer a matter of just sharpness and contrast but the qualities/looks of those sharpnesses/contrasts. Tests become meaningless after a certain point, and then tastes rules over tests. Far better to shoot some film through both lenses and make the tast test yourself. No quantitative lens test can tell you which lens's look you qualitatively prefer. Even for large enlargements, Zeiss vs. Leica's lpm and/or contrast mean a whole heckuva lot less than the look of the lenses themselves, and, of course, how compelling the shot is, neither of which Photodo tests ;-). Perhaps not the answer you wanted to hear, but something worth considering... Regards, Lewis Check out my photos at "LEWISVISION": http://members.aol.com/Lewisvisn/home.htm


From: "Adam F" asfletchNOSPAM@uts.edu.au Newsgroups: rec.photo.equipment.35mm Subject: Re: Leica Lenses vs. Zeiss Date: Wed, 12 Nov 2003 "Jeremy" jeremy@nospam.thanks.com wrote... > I've read a number of articles that describe lenses from both of these > manufacturers as being of excellent quality, but having different design > objectives. > > Is anyone aware of any web sites that have more detailed descriptions or > test results? I am specifically interested in a comparison of Zeiss manual > focus lenses for the RTS camera series versus the Leica lenses for the R > series of SLRs. > > To be more specific, I'd like to see a comparison of the 50mm normal lenses. > Can the differences in their results be quantified? Is the Leica lens > demonstrably sharper or contrastier? From the contax side of the fence: http://www.contaxinfo.com/discus/messages/21/62.html There are also other comparisons on the contaxinfo site, just use the search facility. Probably similar thing on the leicainfo site. My own take: sharpness differences are so small as to be irrelevant between say the 28-50-85-135mm primes, but colour rendition is the main point of difference people note between the two manufacturers. Apart from price that is. Some Leica R lenses go for up to 10x the zeiss C/Y AE lenses second hand. The question is, can you see the difference, and if you like Leica better, is it worth 10x more? Not to mention the cost of Leica SLR bodies...the functional equivalent of a Minolta XD7 (almost same as a Leica R4) now costs at least 5x as much. My recommendation? Think outside the square and try minolta xd with 50/1.4 or Pentax MX or LX with 50/1.4, you might be surprised at the quality. Also if you shoot B&W; like I do, colour rendition is not critical. Adam F (FYI I shoot with a contax RTS and minolta dynax 700si - i would contend the minolta 50/1.7 is as sharp as the zeiss equivalent, uglier bokeh though)


From: Stacey fotocord@yahoo.com Newsgroups: rec.photo.equipment.medium-format Subject: Re: Fewer elements - lesser Bokeh? Date: Mon, 22 Mar 2004 Jeremy wrote: > Finally, Bob Monaghan's Super Site notes that, on blind tests, people have > been unable to tell which brand of lens produced which negative. There was recently a "blind test" of shots done with a 150mm f2.8 FSU and a 180mm f2.8 sonar on the kievreport and most people were able to pick the sonar shots out from the bokeh and the FSU lens has pretty nice bokeh itself. Maybe the "uneducated" public can't tell? I picked the sonar shots out 6 out of 6. -- Stacey


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