BRANCH
|
GROUP
|
LANGUAGES
& MAJOR DIALECTS
|
ANCIENT
|
MEDIEVAL
|
MODERN
|
|
PROVENIENCE
|
GERMANIC
|
East
|
|
Gothic
1
|
|
eastern
Europe
|
North
|
|
Old
Norse
|
Icelandic
Faeroese
Norwegian
Swedish
Danish
|
Iceland
Faeroe Islands
Norway
Sweden
Denmark
|
West
|
|
Old
High German
Middle High German
Old Saxon
Middle Low German
Middle Dutch
Middle Flemish
Old Frisian
Old English
Middle English
|
German
Yiddish
Low German
Dutch
Afrikaans
Flemish
Frisian
English
|
Germany,
Switzerland,Austria
Germany,eastern Europe
northern Germany
Netherlands
South Africa
Belgium
Netherlands, Germany
England
|
CELTIC
|
Continental
|
Gaulish
|
|
|
Gaul
|
Goidelic
|
|
Old
Irish
Middle Irish
|
Irish
Gaelic
Scottish Gaelic
Manx
|
Ireland
Scotland
Isle of Man
|
Brythonic
|
|
Old
Welsh
Middle Welsh
Old Cornish
Middle Breton
|
Welsh
Cornish
Breton
|
Wales
Cornwall
Brittany
|
ITALIC
|
Osco-Umbrian
|
Oscan,
Sabellian
Umbrian
|
|
|
ancient
Italy
|
Latinian
or Romance 2
|
Venetic,Faliscan
Lanuvian, Praenestine
Latin
|
Old
Provençal
Old French
Middle French
|
Portugese
Spanish
Judeo-Spanish
Catalan
Provençal
French
Haitian Creole
Italian
Rhaeto-Romanic
Sardinian
Dalmatian
Rumanian
|
ancient
Italy
Portugal
Spain
Mediterranean lands
Spain(Catalonia)
southern France
France,Belgium,Switzerland
Haiti
Italy, Switzerland
Switzerland, Italy
Sardinia
Adriatic Coast
Rumania, Balkans
|
Uncertain
affinities within Indo-European
|
Ligurian,
Messapian, Illyrian, Thracian, Phrygian
|
|
|
ancient
Italy
Balkans
Asia Minor
|
Albanian
|
|
|
Albanian
|
Albania,
southern Italy
|
Greek
or Hellenic
|
Greek
|
Greek
|
Greek
|
Greece,
eastern Mediterranean
|
BALTO-
SLAVIC
|
Baltic
|
|
Old
Prussian
|
Lithuanian
Latvian
|
East
Prussia
Lithuania
Latvia
|
|
|
|
Old
Church Slavonic
|
Slovene
Serbo-Croatian
Macedonian
Bulgarian
|
Slovenia
Sebia, Croatia
Macedonia
Bulgaria
|
|
Old
Czech
|
Czech,
Slovak
Polish,Kashubian
Wendish, Polabian
|
Czech
Republic, Slovakia
Poland
Germany
|
|
Old
Russian
|
Russian
Ukranian
Belorussian
|
Russia
Ukraine
Belorussia
|
Armenian
|
|
Armenian
|
Armenian
|
Asia
Minor, Caucasus
|
Anatolian
|
Hittite,Lydian,
Lycian,Luwian,
Palaic,
Hieroglyphic
Hittite
|
|
|
ancient
Asia Minor
|
INDO-
IRANIAN
|
|
|
|
|
Persia
Iran (Persia)
Iran, Iraq, Turkey
Iran,West Pakistan
central Asia
|
|
|
|
|
ancient
Persia
central Asia
central Asia
Afghanistan,West Pakistan
Caucusus
|
|
|
|
|
Shina,Khowar,
Kafiri,Kashmiri
|
upper
Indus valley
Kashmir
|
Sanskrit,
Pali
Prakrits
|
Prakrits
|
Lahnda
Sindhi
Panjabi
Rajasthani
Gujrati
Marathi
Konkani
Oriya
Bengali
Assamese
Bihari
Hindi
Urdu
Nepali
Sinhalese
Romany
|
India
western
Punjab
Sind
Punjab
Rjasthan
Gujarat
western India
western India
Orissa
Bengal
Assam
Bihar
northern India
Pakistan, India
Nepal
Ceylon
uncertain
|
Tocharian
|
|
Tocharian
A
Tocahrian B
|
|
central
Asia
|
HOMEPAGE
